Component Appendix

There now follows the documentation on each Camel component.

ActiveMQ Component

The ActiveMQ component allows messages to be sent to a JMS Queue or Topic or messages to be consumed from a JMS Queue or Topic using Apache ActiveMQ.

This component is based on JMS Component and uses Spring's JMS support for declarative transactions, using Spring's JmsTemplate for sending and a MessageListenerContainer for consuming. All the options from the JMS component also applies for this component.

To use this component make sure you have the activemq.jar or activemq-core.jar on your classpath along with any Camel dependencies such as camel-core.jar, camel-spring.jar and camel-jms.jar.

Transacted and caching
See section Transactions and Cache Levels below on JMS page if you are using transactions with JMS as it can impact performance.

URI format

activemq:[queue:|topic:]destinationName

Where destinationName is an ActiveMQ queue or topic name. By default, the destinationName is interpreted as a queue name. For example, to connect to the queue, FOO.BAR, use:

activemq:FOO.BAR

You can include the optional queue: prefix, if you prefer:

activemq:queue:FOO.BAR

To connect to a topic, you must include the topic: prefix. For example, to connect to the topic, Stocks.Prices, use:

activemq:topic:Stocks.Prices

Options

See Options on the JMS component as all these options also apply for this component.

Configuring the Connection Factory

This test case shows how to add an ActiveMQComponent to the CamelContext using the activeMQComponent() method while specifying the brokerURL used to connect to ActiveMQ.

camelContext.addComponent("activemq", activeMQComponent("vm://localhost?broker.persistent=false"));

Configuring the Connection Factory using Spring XML

You can configure the ActiveMQ broker URL on the ActiveMQComponent as follows

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
   http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring 
   http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring/camel-spring.xsd">

   <camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
   </camelContext>

   <bean id="activemq" 
      class="org.apache.activemq.camel.component.ActiveMQComponent">
      <property name="brokerURL" value="tcp://somehost:61616"/>
   </bean>

</beans>

Using connection pooling

When sending to an ActiveMQ broker using Camel it's recommended to use a pooled connection factory to efficiently handle pooling of JMS connections, sessions and producers. This is documented on the ActiveMQ Spring Support page.

You can grab ActiveMQ's org.apache.activemq.pool.PooledConnectionFactory with Maven:

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
   <artifactId>activemq-pool</artifactId>
   <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>

And then setup the activemq Camel component as follows:

<bean id="jmsConnectionFactory" 
   class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
   <property name="brokerURL" value="tcp://localhost:61616" />
</bean>

<bean id="pooledConnectionFactory" 
   class="org.apache.activemq.pool.PooledConnectionFactory">
   <property name="maxConnections" value="8" />
   <property name="maximumActive" value="500" />
   <property name="connectionFactory" ref="jmsConnectionFactory" />
</bean>

<bean id="jmsConfig" 
   class="org.apache.camel.component.jms.JmsConfiguration">
   <property name="connectionFactory" ref="pooledConnectionFactory"/>
   <property name="transacted" value="false"/>
   <property name="concurrentConsumers" value="10"/>
</bean>

<bean id="activemq" 
    class="org.apache.activemq.camel.component.ActiveMQComponent">
    <property name="configuration" ref="jmsConfig"/>
</bean>

Invoking MessageListener POJOs in a Camel route

The ActiveMQ component also provides a helper Type Converter from a JMS MessageListener to a Processor. This means that the Bean component is capable of invoking any JMS MessageListener bean directly inside any route.

So for example you can create a MessageListener in JMS like this:

public class MyListener implements MessageListener {
   public void onMessage(Message jmsMessage) {
       // ...
   }
}

Then use it in your Camel route as follows

from("file://foo/bar").
  bean(MyListener.class);

That is, you can reuse any of the Camel Components and easily integrate them into your JMS MessageListener POJO!

Using ActiveMQ Destination Options

Available as of ActiveMQ 5.6

You can configure the Destination Options in the endpoint uri, using the "destination." prefix. For example to mark a consumer as exclusive, and set its prefetch size to 50, you can do as follows:

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
  <route>
    <from uri="file://src/test/data?noop=true"/>
    <to uri="activemq:queue:foo"/>
  </route>
  <route>
    <!-- use consumer.exclusive ActiveMQ destination option, notice we have to prefix with destination. -->
    <from uri="activemq:foo?destination.consumer.exclusive=true&amp;destination.consumer.prefetchSize=50"/>
    <to uri="mock:results"/>
  </route>
</camelContext>

Consuming Advisory Messages

ActiveMQ can generate Advisory messages which are put in topics that you can consume. Such messages can help you send alerts in case you detect slow consumers or to build statistics (number of messages/produced per day, etc.) The following Spring DSL example shows you how to read messages from a topic.

The below route starts by reading the topic ActiveMQ.Advisory.Connection. To watch another topic, simply change the name according to the name provided in ActiveMQ Advisory Messages documentation. The parameter mapJmsMessage=false allows for converting the org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMqMessage object from the jms queue. Next, the body received is converted into a String for the purposes of this example and a carriage return is added. Finally, the string is added to a file

<route>
   <from uri="activemq:topic:ActiveMQ.Advisory.Connection?mapJmsMessage=false" />
   <convertBodyTo type="java.lang.String"/>
   <transform>
      <simple>${in.body}&#13;</simple>
   </transform>
   <to uri="file://data/activemq/?fileExist=Append&amp;fileName=advisoryConnection-${date:now:yyyyMMdd}.txt" />
</route>

If you consume a message on a queue, you should see the following files under the data/activemq folder :

advisoryConnection-20100312.txt
advisoryProducer-20100312.txt

and containing string:

ActiveMQMessage {commandId = 0, responseRequired = false, 
messageId = ID:dell-charles-3258-1268399815140
-1:0:0:0:221, originalDestination = null, originalTransactionId = null,
producerId = ID:dell-charles-3258-1268399815140-1:0:0:0, 
destination = topic://ActiveMQ.Advisory.Connection, transactionId = null, 
expiration = 0, timestamp = 0, arrival = 0, brokerInTime = 1268403383468, 
brokerOutTime = 1268403383468, correlationId = null, replyTo = null, 
persistent = false, type = Advisory, priority = 0, groupID = null, groupSequence = 0, 
targetConsumerId = null, compressed = false, userID = null, content = null, 
marshalledProperties = org.apache.activemq.util.ByteSequence@17e2705, 
dataStructure = ConnectionInfo {commandId = 1, responseRequired = true, 
connectionId = ID:dell-charles-3258-1268399815140-2:50, 
clientId = ID:dell-charles-3258-1268399815140-14:0, userName = , password = *****, 
brokerPath = null, brokerMasterConnector = false, manageable = true, 
clientMaster = true}, redeliveryCounter = 0, size = 0, properties = 
{originBrokerName=master, originBrokerId=ID:dell-charles-3258-1268399815140-0:0, 
originBrokerURL=vm://master}, readOnlyProperties = true, readOnlyBody = true, 
droppable = false}

Getting Component JAR

You will need these dependencies

  • camel-jms
  • activemq-camel

camel-jms

You must have the camel-jms as dependency as ActiveMQ is an extension to the JMS component.

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
  <artifactId>camel-jms</artifactId>
  <version>1.6.0</version>
</dependency>

The ActiveMQ Camel component is released with the ActiveMQ project itself.
For Maven 2 users you simply just need to add the following dependency to your project.

ActiveMQ 5.2 or later

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
  <artifactId>activemq-camel</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.0</version>
</dependency>

ActiveMQ 5.1.0

For 5.1.0 its in the activemq-core library

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
  <artifactId>activemq-core</artifactId>
  <version>5.1.0</version>
</dependency>

Alternatively you can download the component jar directly from the Maven repository:

ActiveMQ 4.x

For this version you must use the JMS component instead. Please be careful to use a pooling connection factory as described in the JmsTemplate Gotchas

See Also

ActiveMQ Journal Component

The ActiveMQ Journal Component allows messages to be stored in a rolling log file and then consumed from that log file. The journal aggregates and batches up concurrent writes so that the overhead of writing and waiting for the disk sync is relatively constant regardless of how many concurrent writes are being done. Therefore, this component supports and encourages you to use multiple concurrent producers to the same journal endpoint.

Each journal endpoint uses a different log file and therefore write batching (and the associated performance boost) does not occur between multiple endpoints.

This component only supports one active consumer on the endpoint. After the message is processed by the consumer's processor, the log file is marked and only subsequent messages in the log file will get delivered to consumers.

URI format

activemq.journal:directoryName[?options]

So for example, to send to the journal located in the /tmp/data directory you would use the following URI:

activemq.journal:/tmp/data

Options

Name Default Value Description
syncConsume false If set to true, when the journal is marked after a message is consumed, wait till the Operating System has verified the mark update is safely stored on disk.
syncProduce true If set to true, wait till the Operating System has verified the message is safely stored on disk.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Expected Exchange Data Types

The consumer of a Journal endpoint generates DefaultExchange objects with the in message :

  • header "journal" : set to the endpoint uri of the journal the message came from
  • header "location" : set to a Location which identifies where the recored was stored on disk
  • body : set to ByteSequence which contains the byte array data of the stored message

The producer to a Journal endpoint expects an Exchange with an In message where the body can be converted to a ByteSequence or a byte[].

See Also

AMQP

The amqp: component supports the AMQP protocol using the Client API of the Qpid project.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-amqp</artifactId>
    <version>${camel.version}</version> <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

amqp:[queue:|topic:]destinationName[?options]

You can specify all of the various configuration options of the JMS component after the destination name.

See Also

SQS Component

Available as of Camel 2.6

The sqs component supports sending and receiving messages to Amazon's SQS service.

Prerequisites
You must have a valid Amazon Web Services developer account, and be signed up to use Amazon SQS. More information are available at Amazon SQS.

URI Format

aws-sqs://queue-name[?options]

The queue will be created if they don't already exists.
You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?options=value&option2=value&...

URI Options

Name Default Value Context Description
amazonSQSClient null Shared Reference to a com.amazonaws.services.sqs.AmazonSQSClient in the Registry.
accessKey null Shared Amazon AWS Access Key
secretKey null Shared Amazon AWS Secret Key
amazonSQSEndpoint null Shared The region with which the AWS-SQS client wants to work with.
attributeNames null Consumer A list of attributes to set in the com.amazonaws.services.sqs.model.ReceiveMessageRequest.
defaultVisibilityTimeout null Shared The visibility timeout (in seconds) to set in the com.amazonaws.services.sqs.model.CreateQueueRequest.
deleteAfterRead true Consumer Delete message from SQS after it has been read
maxMessagesPerPoll null Consumer The maximum number of messages which can be received in one poll to set in the com.amazonaws.services.sqs.model.ReceiveMessageRequest.
visibilityTimeout null Shared The duration (in seconds) that the received messages are hidden from subsequent retrieve requests after being retrieved by a ReceiveMessage request to set in the com.amazonaws.services.sqs.model.SetQueueAttributesRequest. This only make sense if its different from defaultVisibilityTimeout. It changes the queue visibility timeout attribute permanently.
messageVisibilityTimeout null Consumer Camel 2.8: The duration (in seconds) that the received messages are hidden from subsequent retrieve requests after being retrieved by a ReceiveMessage request to set in the com.amazonaws.services.sqs.model.ReceiveMessageRequest. It does NOT change the queue visibility timeout attribute permanently.
maximumMessageSize null Shared Camel 2.8: The maximumMessageSize (in bytes) an SQS message can contain for this queue, to set in the com.amazonaws.services.sqs.model.SetQueueAttributesRequest.
messageRetentionPeriod null Shared Camel 2.8: The messageRetentionPeriod (in seconds) a message will be retained by SQS for this queue, to set in the com.amazonaws.services.sqs.model.SetQueueAttributesRequest.
policy null Shared Camel 2.8: The policy for this queue to set in the com.amazonaws.services.sqs.model.SetQueueAttributesRequest.
Required SQS component options
You have to provide the amazonSQSClient in the Registry or your accessKey and secretKey to access the Amazon's SQS.

Batch Consumer

This component implements the Batch Consumer.

This allows you for instance to know how many messages exists in this batch and for instance let the Aggregator aggregate this number of messages.

Usage

Message headers set by the SQS producer

Header Type Description
CamelAwsSqsMD5OfBody String The MD5 checksum of the Amazon SQS message.
CamelAwsSqsMessageId String The Amazon SQS message ID.

Message headers set by the SQS consumer

Header Type Description
CamelAwsSqsMD5OfBody String The MD5 checksum of the Amazon SQS message.
CamelAwsSqsMessageId String The Amazon SQS message ID.
CamelAwsSqsReceiptHandle String The Amazon SQS message receipt handle.
CamelAwsSqsAttributes Map<String, String> The Amazon SQS message attributes.

Advanced AmazonSQSClient configuration

If your Camel Application is running behind a firewall or if you need to have more control over the AmazonSQSClient configuration, you can create your own instance:

AWSCredentials awsCredentials = new BasicAWSCredentials("myAccessKey", "mySecretKey");

ClientConfiguration clientConfiguration = new ClientConfiguration();
clientConfiguration.setProxyHost("http://myProxyHost");
clientConfiguration.setProxyPort(8080);

AmazonSQSClient client = new AmazonSQSClient(awsCredentials, clientConfiguration);

and refer to it in your Camel aws-sqs component configuration:

from("aws-sqs://MyQueue?amazonSQSClient=#amazonSQSClient&delay=5000&maxMessagesPerPoll=5")
.to("mock:result");

Dependencies

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml.

pom.xml
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-aws</artifactId>
    <version>${camel-version}</version>
</dependency>

where ${camel-version} must be replaced by the actual version of Camel (2.6 or higher).

See Also

Atom Component

The atom: component is used for polling Atom feeds.

Camel will poll the feed every 60 seconds by default.
Note: The component currently only supports polling (consuming) feeds.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-atom</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

atom://atomUri[?options]

Where atomUri is the URI to the Atom feed to poll.

Options

Property Default Description
splitEntries true If true Camel will poll the feed and for the subsequent polls return each entry poll by poll. If the feed contains 7 entries then Camel will return the first entry on the first poll, the 2nd entry on the next poll, until no more entries where as Camel will do a new update on the feed. If false then Camel will poll a fresh feed on every invocation.
filter true Is only used by the split entries to filter the entries to return. Camel will default use the UpdateDateFilter that only return new entries from the feed. So the client consuming from the feed never receives the same entry more than once. The filter will return the entries ordered by the newest last.
lastUpdate null Is only used by the filter, as the starting timestamp for selection never entries (uses the entry.updated timestamp). Syntax format is: yyyy-MM-ddTHH:MM:ss. Example: 2007-12-24T17:45:59.
throttleEntries true Camel 2.5: Sets whether all entries identified in a single feed poll should be delivered immediately. If true, only one entry is processed per consumer.delay. Only applicable when splitEntries is set to true.
feedHeader true Sets whether to add the Abdera Feed object as a header.
sortEntries false If splitEntries is true, this sets whether to sort those entries by updated date.
consumer.delay 60000 Delay in millis between each poll.
consumer.initialDelay 1000 Millis before polling starts.
consumer.userFixedDelay false If true, use fixed delay between pools, otherwise fixed rate is used. See ScheduledExecutorService in JDK for details.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Exchange data format

Camel will set the In body on the returned Exchange with the entries. Depending on the splitEntries flag Camel will either return one Entry or a List<Entry>.

Option Value Behavior
splitEntries true Only a single entry from the currently being processed feed is set: exchange.in.body(Entry)
splitEntries false The entire list of entries from the feed is set: exchange.in.body(List<Entry>)

Camel can set the Feed object on the In header (see feedHeader option to disable this):

Message Headers

Camel atom uses these headers.

Header Description
org.apache.camel.component.atom.feed Camel 1.x: When consuming the org.apache.abdera.model.Feed object is set to this header.
CamelAtomFeed Camel 2.0: When consuming the org.apache.abdera.model.Feed object is set to this header.

Samples

In this sample we poll James Strachan's blog.

from("atom://http://macstrac.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default").to("seda:feeds");

In this sample we want to filter only good blogs we like to a SEDA queue. The sample also shows how to setup Camel standalone, not running in any Container or using Spring.

// This is the CamelContext that is the heart of Camel
private CamelContext context;

protected CamelContext createCamelContext() throws Exception {

    // First we register a blog service in our bean registry
    SimpleRegistry registry = new SimpleRegistry();
    registry.put("blogService", new BlogService());

    // Then we create the camel context with our bean registry
    context = new DefaultCamelContext(registry);

    // Then we add all the routes we need using the route builder DSL syntax
    context.addRoutes(createMyRoutes());

    return context;
}

/**
 * This is the route builder where we create our routes using the Camel DSL
 */
protected RouteBuilder createMyRoutes() throws Exception {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        public void configure() throws Exception {
            // We pool the atom feeds from the source for further processing in the seda queue
            // we set the delay to 1 second for each pool as this is a unit test also and we can
            // not wait the default poll interval of 60 seconds.
            // Using splitEntries=true will during polling only fetch one Atom Entry at any given time.
            // As the feed.atom file contains 7 entries, using this will require 7 polls to fetch the entire
            // content. When Camel have reach the end of entries it will refresh the atom feed from URI source
            // and restart - but as Camel by default uses the UpdatedDateFilter it will only deliver new
            // blog entries to "seda:feeds". So only when James Straham updates his blog with a new entry
            // Camel will create an exchange for the seda:feeds.
            from("atom:file:src/test/data/feed.atom?splitEntries=true&consumer.delay=1000").to("seda:feeds");

            // From the feeds we filter each blot entry by using our blog service class
            from("seda:feeds").filter().method("blogService", "isGoodBlog").to("seda:goodBlogs");

            // And the good blogs is moved to a mock queue as this sample is also used for unit testing
            // this is one of the strengths in Camel that you can also use the mock endpoint for your
            // unit tests
            from("seda:goodBlogs").to("mock:result");
        }
    };
}

/**
 * This is the actual junit test method that does the assertion that our routes is working as expected
 */
@Test
public void testFiltering() throws Exception {
    // create and start Camel
    context = createCamelContext();
    context.start();

    // Get the mock endpoint
    MockEndpoint mock = context.getEndpoint("mock:result", MockEndpoint.class);

    // There should be at least two good blog entries from the feed
    mock.expectedMinimumMessageCount(2);

    // Asserts that the above expectations is true, will throw assertions exception if it failed
    // Camel will default wait max 20 seconds for the assertions to be true, if the conditions
    // is true sooner Camel will continue
    mock.assertIsSatisfied();

    // stop Camel after use
    context.stop();
}

/**
 * Services for blogs
 */
public class BlogService {

    /**
     * Tests the blogs if its a good blog entry or not
     */
    public boolean isGoodBlog(Exchange exchange) {
        Entry entry = exchange.getIn().getBody(Entry.class);
        String title = entry.getTitle();

        // We like blogs about Camel
        boolean good = title.toLowerCase().contains("camel");
        return good;
    }

}

See Also

Bean Component

The bean: component binds beans to Camel message exchanges.

URI format

bean:beanID[?options]

Where beanID can be any string which is used to look up the bean in the Registry

Options

Name Type Default Description
method String null The method name from the bean that will be invoked. If not provided, Camel will try to determine the method itself. In case of ambiguity an exception will be thrown. See Bean Binding for more details. From Camel 2.8 onwards you can specify type qualifiers to pin-point exact method to use for overloaded methods. From Camel 2.9 onwards you can specify parameter values directly in the method syntax. See more details at Bean Binding.
cache boolean false If enabled, Camel will cache the result of the first Registry look-up. Cache can be enabled if the bean in the Registry is defined as a singleton scope.
multiParameterArray boolean false Camel 1.5: How to treat the parameters which are passed from the message body; if it is true, the In message body should be an array of parameters.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Using

The object instance that is used to consume messages must be explicitly registered with the Registry. For example, if you are using Spring you must define the bean in the Spring configuration, spring.xml; or if you don't use Spring, by registering the bean in JNDI.

// lets populate the context with the services we need
// note that we could just use a spring.xml file to avoid this step
JndiContext context = new JndiContext();
context.bind("bye", new SayService("Good Bye!"));

CamelContext camelContext = new DefaultCamelContext(context);

Once an endpoint has been registered, you can build Camel routes that use it to process exchanges.

// lets add simple route
camelContext.addRoutes(new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {
        from("direct:hello").to("bean:bye");
    }
});

A bean: endpoint cannot be defined as the input to the route; i.e. you cannot consume from it, you can only route from some inbound message Endpoint to the bean endpoint as output. So consider using a direct: or queue: endpoint as the input.

You can use the createProxy() methods on ProxyHelper to create a proxy that will generate BeanExchanges and send them to any endpoint:

Endpoint endpoint = camelContext.getEndpoint("direct:hello");
ISay proxy = ProxyHelper.createProxy(endpoint, ISay.class);
String rc = proxy.say();
assertEquals("Good Bye!", rc);

And the same route using Spring DSL:

<route>
   <from uri="direct:hello">
   <to uri="bean:bye"/>
</route>

Bean as endpoint

Camel also supports invoking Bean as an Endpoint. In the route below:

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
  <route>
    <from uri="direct:start"/>
    <to uri="myBean"/>
    <to uri="mock:results"/>
  </route>
</camelContext>

<bean id="myBean" class="org.apache.camel.spring.bind.ExampleBean"/>

What happens is that when the exchange is routed to the myBean Camel will use the Bean Binding to invoke the bean.
The source for the bean is just a plain POJO:

public class ExampleBean {

    public String sayHello(String name) {
        return "Hello " + name + "!";
    }
}

Camel will use Bean Binding to invoke the sayHello method, by converting the Exchange's In body to the String type and storing the output of the method on the Exchange Out body.

Bean Binding

How bean methods to be invoked are chosen (if they are not specified explicitly through the method parameter) and how parameter values are constructed from the Message are all defined by the Bean Binding mechanism which is used throughout all of the various Bean Integration mechanisms in Camel.

See Also

Bean Validation Component

Available as of Camel 2.3

The Validation component performs bean validation of the message body using the Java Bean Validation API (JSR 303). Camel uses the reference implementation, which is Hibernate Validator.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-bean-validator</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

bean-validator:something[?options]

or

bean-validator://something[?options]

Where something must be present to provide a valid url
You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

URI Options

Option Default Description
group javax.validation.groups.Default The custom validation group to use.
messageInterpolator org.hibernate.validator.engine.
ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator
Reference to a custom javax.validation.MessageInterpolator in the Registry.
traversableResolver org.hibernate.validator.engine.resolver.
DefaultTraversableResolver
Reference to a custom javax.validation.TraversableResolver in the Registry.
constraintValidatorFactory org.hibernate.validator.engine.
ConstraintValidatorFactoryImpl
Reference to a custom javax.validation.ConstraintValidatorFactory in the Registry.

ServiceMix4/OSGi Deployment.

The bean-validator when deployed in an OSGi environment requires a little help to accommodate the resource loading specified in JSR303, this was fixed in Servicemix-Specs 1.6-SNAPSHOT.

Example

Assumed we have a java bean with the following annotations

Car.java
public class Car {

    @NotNull
    private String manufacturer;

    @NotNull
    @Size(min = 5, max = 14, groups = OptionalChecks.class)
    private String licensePlate;
    
    // getter and setter
}

and an interface definition for our custom validation group

OptionalChecks.java
public interface OptionalChecks {
}

with the following Camel route, only the @NotNull constraints on the attributes manufacturer and licensePlate will be validated (Camel uses the default group javax.validation.groups.Default).

from("direct:start")
.to("bean-validator://x")
.to("mock:end")

If you want to check the constraints from the group OptionalChecks, you have to define the route like this

from("direct:start")
.to("bean-validator://x?group=OptionalChecks")
.to("mock:end")

If you want to check the constraints from both groups, you have to define a new interface first

AllChecks.java
@GroupSequence({Default.class, OptionalChecks.class})
public interface AllChecks {
}

and then your route definition should looks like this

from("direct:start")
.to("bean-validator://x?group=AllChecks")
.to("mock:end")

And if you have to provide your own message interpolator, traversable resolver and constraint validator factory, you have to write a route like this

<bean id="myMessageInterpolator" class="my.ConstraintValidatorFactory" />
<bean id="myTraversableResolver" class="my.TraversableResolver" />
<bean id="myConstraintValidatorFactory" class="my.ConstraintValidatorFactory" />

from("direct:start")
.to("bean-validator://x?group=AllChecks&messageInterpolator=#myMessageInterpolator
&traversableResolver=#myTraversableResolver&constraintValidatorFactory=#myConstraintValidatorFactory")
.to("mock:end")

It's also possible to describe your constraints as XML and not as Java annotations. In this case, you have to provide the file META-INF/validation.xml which could looks like this

validation.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<validation-config
	xmlns="http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration">
	<default-provider>org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator</default-provider>
	<message-interpolator>org.hibernate.validator.engine.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator</message-interpolator>
	<traversable-resolver>org.hibernate.validator.engine.resolver.DefaultTraversableResolver</traversable-resolver>
	<constraint-validator-factory>org.hibernate.validator.engine.ConstraintValidatorFactoryImpl</constraint-validator-factory>
	
	<constraint-mapping>/constraints-car.xml</constraint-mapping>
</validation-config>

and the constraints-car.xml file

constraints-car.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<constraint-mappings xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/mapping validation-mapping-1.0.xsd"
	xmlns="http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/mapping">
	<default-package>org.apache.camel.component.bean.validator</default-package>
	
	<bean class="CarWithoutAnnotations" ignore-annotations="true">
		<field name="manufacturer">
			<constraint annotation="javax.validation.constraints.NotNull" />
		</field>
		
		<field name="licensePlate">
			<constraint annotation="javax.validation.constraints.NotNull" />
			
			<constraint annotation="javax.validation.constraints.Size">
				<groups>
					<value>org.apache.camel.component.bean.validator.OptionalChecks</value>
				</groups>
				<element name="min">5</element>
				<element name="max">14</element>
			</constraint>
		</field>
	</bean>
</constraint-mappings>

See Also

Browse Component

Available as of Camel 2.0

The Browse component provides a simple BrowsableEndpoint which can be useful for testing, visualisation tools or debugging. The exchanges sent to the endpoint are all available to be browsed.

URI format

browse:someName

Where someName can be any string to uniquely identify the endpoint.

Sample

In the route below, we insert a browse: component to be able to browse the Exchanges that are passing through:

  from("activemq:order.in").to("browse:orderReceived").to("bean:processOrder");

We can now inspect the received exchanges from within the Java code:

    private CamelContext context;

    public void inspectRecievedOrders() {
        BrowsableEndpoint browse = context.getEndpoint("browse:orderReceived", BrowsableEndpoint.class);
        List<Exchange> exchanges = browse.getExchanges();
        ...
        // then we can inspect the list of received exchanges from Java
        for (Exchange exchange : exchanges) {
            String payload = exchange.getIn().getBody();
            ...
        }
   }

See Also

Cache Component

Available as of Camel 2.1

The cache component enables you to perform caching operations using EHCache as the Cache Implementation. The cache itself is created on demand or if a cache of that name already exists then it is simply utilized with its original settings.

This component supports producer and event based consumer endpoints.

The Cache consumer is an event based consumer and can be used to listen and respond to specific cache activities. If you need to perform selections from a pre-existing cache, use the processors defined for the cache component.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-cache</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

cache://cacheName[?options]

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=#beanRef&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
maxElementsInMemory 1000 The number of elements that may be stored in the defined cache
memoryStoreEvictionPolicy MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy.LFU The number of elements that may be stored in the defined cache. Options include
  • MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy.LFU - Least frequently used
  • MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy.LRU - Least recently used
  • MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy.FIFO - first in first out, the oldest element by creation time
overflowToDisk true Specifies whether cache may overflow to disk
eternal false Sets whether elements are eternal. If eternal, timeouts are ignored and the
element never expires.
timeToLiveSeconds 300 The maximum time between creation time and when an element expires.
Is used only if the element is not eternal
timeToIdleSeconds 300 The maximum amount of time between accesses before an element expires
diskPersistent false Whether the disk store persists between restarts of the Virtual Machine.
diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds 120 The number of seconds between runs of the disk expiry thread.
cacheManagerFactory null Camel 2.8: If you want to use a custom factory which instantiates and creates the EHCache net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager.

Type: abstract org.apache.camel.component.cache.CacheManagerFactory
eventListenerRegistry null Camel 2.8: Sets a list of EHCache net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheEventListener for all new caches- no need to define it per cache in EHCache xml config anymore.

Type: org.apache.camel.component.cache.CacheEventListenerRegistry
cacheLoaderRegistry null Camel 2.8: Sets a list of org.apache.camel.component.cache.CacheLoaderWrapper that extends EHCache net.sf.ehcache.loader.CacheLoader for all new caches- no need to define it per cache in EHCache xml config anymore.

Type: org.apache.camel.component.cache.CacheLoaderRegistry
key null Camel 2.10: To configure using a cache key by default. If a key is provided in the message header, then the key from the header takes precedence.
operation null Camel 2.10: To configure using an cache operation by default. If an operation in the message header, then the operation from the header takes precedence.

Sending/Receiving Messages to/from the cache

Message Headers up to Camel 2.7

Header Description
CACHE_OPERATION The operation to be performed on the cache. Valid options are
  • GET
  • CHECK
  • ADD
  • UPDATE
  • DELETE
  • DELETEALL
    GET and CHECK requires Camel 2.3 onwards.
CACHE_KEY The cache key used to store the Message in the cache. The cache key is optional if the CACHE_OPERATION is DELETEALL

Message Headers Camel 2.8+

Header changes in Camel 2.8
The header names and supported values have changed to be prefixed with 'CamelCache' and use mixed case. This makes them easier to identify and keep separate from other headers. The CacheConstants variable names remain unchanged, just their values have been changed. Also, these headers are now removed from the exchange after the cache operation is performed.
Header Description
CamelCacheOperation The operation to be performed on the cache. The valid options are
  • CamelCacheGet
  • CamelCacheCheck
  • CamelCacheAdd
  • CamelCacheUpdate
  • CamelCacheDelete
  • CamelCacheDeleteAll
CamelCacheKey The cache key used to store the Message in the cache. The cache key is optional if the CamelCacheOperation is CamelCacheDeleteAll

Cache Producer

Sending data to the cache involves the ability to direct payloads in exchanges to be stored in a pre-existing or created-on-demand cache. The mechanics of doing this involve

  • setting the Message Exchange Headers shown above.
  • ensuring that the Message Exchange Body contains the message directed to the cache

Cache Consumer

Receiving data from the cache involves the ability of the CacheConsumer to listen on a pre-existing or created-on-demand Cache using an event Listener and receive automatic notifications when any cache activity take place (i.e CamelCacheGet/CamelCacheUpdate/CamelCacheDelete/CamelCacheDeleteAll). Upon such an activity taking place

  • an exchange containing Message Exchange Headers and a Message Exchange Body containing the just added/updated payload is placed and sent.
  • in case of a CamelCacheDeleteAll operation, the Message Exchange Header CamelCacheKey and the Message Exchange Body are not populated.

Cache Processors

There are a set of nice processors with the ability to perform cache lookups and selectively replace payload content at the

  • body
  • token
  • xpath level

Cache Usage Samples

Example 1: Configuring the cache

from("cache://MyApplicationCache" +
          "?maxElementsInMemory=1000" +
          "&memoryStoreEvictionPolicy=" +
              "MemoryStoreEvictionPolicy.LFU" +
          "&overflowToDisk=true" +
          "&eternal=true" +
          "&timeToLiveSeconds=300" +
          "&timeToIdleSeconds=true" +
          "&diskPersistent=true" +
          "&diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds=300")

Example 2: Adding keys to the cache

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {
     from("direct:start")
     .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION, constant(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION_ADD))
     .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_KEY, constant("Ralph_Waldo_Emerson"))
     .to("cache://TestCache1")
   }
};

Example 2: Updating existing keys in a cache

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {
     from("direct:start")
     .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION, constant(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION_UPDATE))
     .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_KEY, constant("Ralph_Waldo_Emerson"))
     .to("cache://TestCache1")
   }
};

Example 3: Deleting existing keys in a cache

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {
     from("direct:start")
     .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION, constant(CacheConstants.CACHE_DELETE))
     .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_KEY", constant("Ralph_Waldo_Emerson"))
     .to("cache://TestCache1")
   }
};

Example 4: Deleting all existing keys in a cache

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {
     from("direct:start")
     .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION, constant(CacheConstants.CACHE_DELETEALL))
     .to("cache://TestCache1");
    }
};

Example 5: Notifying any changes registering in a Cache to Processors and other Producers

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {
     from("cache://TestCache1")
     .process(new Processor() {
        public void process(Exchange exchange)
               throws Exception {
           String operation = (String) exchange.getIn().getHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION);
           String key = (String) exchange.getIn().getHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_KEY);
           Object body = exchange.getIn().getBody();
           // Do something
        }
     })
   }
};

Example 6: Using Processors to selectively replace payload with cache values

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
   public void configure() {
     //Message Body Replacer
     from("cache://TestCache1")
     .filter(header(CacheConstants.CACHE_KEY).isEqualTo("greeting"))
     .process(new CacheBasedMessageBodyReplacer("cache://TestCache1","farewell"))
     .to("direct:next");

    //Message Token replacer
    from("cache://TestCache1")
    .filter(header(CacheConstants.CACHE_KEY).isEqualTo("quote"))
    .process(new CacheBasedTokenReplacer("cache://TestCache1","novel","#novel#"))
    .process(new CacheBasedTokenReplacer("cache://TestCache1","author","#author#"))
    .process(new CacheBasedTokenReplacer("cache://TestCache1","number","#number#"))
    .to("direct:next");

    //Message XPath replacer
    from("cache://TestCache1").
    .filter(header(CacheConstants.CACHE_KEY).isEqualTo("XML_FRAGMENT"))
    .process(new CacheBasedXPathReplacer("cache://TestCache1","book1","/books/book1"))
    .process (new CacheBasedXPathReplacer("cache://TestCache1","book2","/books/book2"))
    .to("direct:next");
   }
};

Example 7: Getting an entry from the Cache

from("direct:start")
    // Prepare headers
    .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION, constant(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION_GET))
    .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_KEY, constant("Ralph_Waldo_Emerson")).
    .to("cache://TestCache1").
    // Check if entry was not found
    .choice().when(header(CacheConstants.CACHE_ELEMENT_WAS_FOUND).isNull()).
        // If not found, get the payload and put it to cache
        .to("cxf:bean:someHeavyweightOperation").
        .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION, constant(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION_ADD))
        .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_KEY, constant("Ralph_Waldo_Emerson"))
        .to("cache://TestCache1")
    .end()
    .to("direct:nextPhase");

Example 8: Checking for an entry in the Cache

Note: The CHECK command tests existence of an entry in the cache but doesn't place a message in the body.

from("direct:start")
    // Prepare headers
    .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION, constant(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION_CHECK))
    .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_KEY, constant("Ralph_Waldo_Emerson")).
    .to("cache://TestCache1").
    // Check if entry was not found
    .choice().when(header(CacheConstants.CACHE_ELEMENT_WAS_FOUND).isNull()).
        // If not found, get the payload and put it to cache
        .to("cxf:bean:someHeavyweightOperation").
        .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION, constant(CacheConstants.CACHE_OPERATION_ADD))
        .setHeader(CacheConstants.CACHE_KEY, constant("Ralph_Waldo_Emerson"))
        .to("cache://TestCache1")
    .end();

Management of EHCache

EHCache has its own statistics and management from JMX.

Here's a snippet on how to expose them via JMX in a Spring application context:

<bean id="ehCacheManagementService" class="net.sf.ehcache.management.ManagementService" init-method="init" lazy-init="false">
  <constructor-arg>
    <bean class="net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager" factory-method="getInstance"/>
  </constructor-arg>
  <constructor-arg>
    <bean class="org.springframework.jmx.support.JmxUtils" factory-method="locateMBeanServer"/>
  </constructor-arg>
  <constructor-arg value="true"/>
  <constructor-arg value="true"/>
  <constructor-arg value="true"/>
  <constructor-arg value="true"/>
</bean>

Of course you can do the same thing in straight Java:

ManagementService.registerMBeans(CacheManager.getInstance(), mbeanServer, true, true, true, true);

You can get cache hits, misses, in-memory hits, disk hits, size stats this way. You can also change CacheConfiguration parameters on the fly.

Cache replication Camel 2.8+

The Camel Cache component is able to distribute a cache across server nodes using several different replication mechanisms including: RMI, JGroups, JMS and Cache Server.

There are two different ways to make it work:

1. You can configure ehcache.xml manually

OR

2. You can configure these three options:

  • cacheManagerFactory
  • eventListenerRegistry
  • cacheLoaderRegistry

Configuring Camel Cache replication using the first option is a bit of hard work as you have to configure all caches separately. So in a situation when the all names of caches are not known, using ehcache.xml is not a good idea.

The second option is much better when you want to use many different caches as you do not need to define options per cache. This is because replication options are set per CacheManager and per CacheEndpoint. Also it is the only way when cache names are not know at the development phase.

It might be useful to read the EHCache manual to get a better understanding of the Camel Cache replication mechanism.

Example: JMS cache replication

JMS replication is the most powerful and secured replication method. Used together with Camel Cache replication makes it also rather simple.
An example is available on a separate page.

Class Component

Available as of Camel 2.4

The class: component binds beans to Camel message exchanges. It works in the same way as the Bean component but instead of looking up beans from a Registry it creates the bean based on the class name.

URI format

class:className[?options]

Where className is the fully qualified class name to create and use as bean.

Options

Name Type Default Description
method String null The method name that bean will be invoked. If not provided, Camel will try to pick the method itself. In case of ambiguity an exception is thrown. See Bean Binding for more details.
multiParameterArray boolean false How to treat the parameters which are passed from the message body; if it is true, the In message body should be an array of parameters.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Using

You simply use the class component just as the Bean component but by specifying the fully qualified classname instead.
For example to use the MyFooBean you have to do as follows:

    from("direct:start").to("class:org.apache.camel.component.bean.MyFooBean").to("mock:result");

You can also specify which method to invoke on the MyFooBean, for example hello:

    from("direct:start").to("class:org.apache.camel.component.bean.MyFooBean?method=hello").to("mock:result");

Setting properties on the created instance

In the endpoint uri you can specify properties to set on the created instance, for example if it has a setPrefix method:

    from("direct:start")
        .to("class:org.apache.camel.component.bean.MyPrefixBean?prefix=Bye")
        .to("mock:result");

And you can also use the # syntax to refer to properties to be looked up in the Registry.

    from("direct:start")
        .to("class:org.apache.camel.component.bean.MyPrefixBean?cool=#foo")
        .to("mock:result");

Which will lookup a bean from the Registry with the id foo and invoke the setCool method on the created instance of the MyPrefixBean class.

See more
See more details at the Bean component as the class component works in much the same way.

See Also

Cometd Component

The cometd: component is a transport for working with the jetty implementation of the cometd/bayeux protocol.
Using this component in combination with the dojo toolkit library it's possible to push Camel messages directly into the browser using an AJAX based mechanism.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-cometd</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

cometd://host:port/channelName[?options]

The channelName represents a topic that can be subscribed to by the Camel endpoints.

Examples

cometd://localhost:8080/service/mychannel
cometds://localhost:8443/service/mychannel

where cometds: represents an SSL configured endpoint.

See this blog entry by David Greco who contributed this component to Apache Camel, for a full sample.

Options

Name Default Value Description
resourceBase   The root directory for the web resources or classpath. Use the protocol file: or classpath: depending if you want that the component loads the resource from file system or classpath. Classpath is required for OSGI deployment where the resources are packaged in the jar. Notice this option has been renamed to baseResource from Camel 2.7 onwards.
baseResource   Camel 2.7: The root directory for the web resources or classpath. Use the protocol file: or classpath: depending if you want that the component loads the resource from file system or classpath. Classpath is required for OSGI deployment where the resources are packaged in the jar
timeout 240000 The server side poll timeout in milliseconds. This is how long the server will hold a reconnect request before responding.
interval 0 The client side poll timeout in milliseconds. How long a client will wait between reconnects
maxInterval 30000 The max client side poll timeout in milliseconds. A client will be removed if a connection is not received in this time.
multiFrameInterval 1500 The client side poll timeout, if multiple connections are detected from the same browser.
jsonCommented true If true, the server will accept JSON wrapped in a comment and will generate JSON wrapped in a comment. This is a defence against Ajax Hijacking.
logLevel 1 0=none, 1=info, 2=debug.
sslContextParameters   Camel 2.9: Reference to a org.apache.camel.util.jsse.SSLContextParameters in the Registry.  This reference overrides any configured SSLContextParameters at the component level.  See Using the JSSE Configuration Utility.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Here is some examples on How to pass the parameters

For file (for webapp resources located in the Web Application directory --> cometd://localhost:8080?resourceBase=file./webapp
For classpath (when by example the web resources are packaged inside the webapp folder --> cometd://localhost:8080?resourceBase=classpath:webapp

Authentication

Available as of Camel 2.8

You can configure custom SecurityPolicy and Extension's to the CometdComponent which allows you to use authentication as documented here

Setting up SSL for Cometd Component

Using the JSSE Configuration Utility

As of Camel 2.9, the Cometd component supports SSL/TLS configuration through the Camel JSSE Configuration Utility.  This utility greatly decreases the amount of component specific code you need to write and is configurable at the endpoint and component levels.  The following examples demonstrate how to use the utility with the Cometd component.

Programmatic configuration of the component
KeyStoreParameters ksp = new KeyStoreParameters();
ksp.setResource("/users/home/server/keystore.jks");
ksp.setPassword("keystorePassword");

KeyManagersParameters kmp = new KeyManagersParameters();
kmp.setKeyStore(ksp);
kmp.setKeyPassword("keyPassword");

TrustManagersParameters tmp = new TrustManagersParameters();
tmp.setKeyStore(ksp);

SSLContextParameters scp = new SSLContextParameters();
scp.setKeyManagers(kmp);
scp.setTrustManagers(tmp);

CometdComponent commetdComponent = getContext().getComponent("cometds", CometdComponent.class);
commetdComponent.setSslContextParameters(scp);
Spring DSL based configuration of endpoint
...
  <camel:sslContextParameters
      id="sslContextParameters">
    <camel:keyManagers
        keyPassword="keyPassword">
      <camel:keyStore
          resource="/users/home/server/keystore.jks"
          password="keystorePassword"/>
    </camel:keyManagers>
    <camel:trustManagers>
      <camel:keyStore
          resource="/users/home/server/keystore.jks"
          password="keystorePassword"/>
    </camel:keyManagers>
  </camel:sslContextParameters>...
...
  <to uri="cometds://127.0.0.1:443/service/test?baseResource=file:./target/test-classes/webapp&timeout=240000&interval=0&maxInterval=30000&multiFrameInterval=1500&jsonCommented=true&logLevel=2&sslContextParameters=#sslContextParameters"/>...

See Also

Context Component

Available as of Camel 2.7

The context component allows you to create new Camel Components from a CamelContext with a number of routes which is then treated as a black box, allowing you to refer to the local endpoints within the component from other CamelContexts.

It is similar to the Routebox component in idea, though the Context component tries to be really simple for end users; just a simple convention over configuration approach to refer to local endpoints inside the CamelContext Component.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-context</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

context:camelContextId:localEndpointName[?options]

Or you can omit the "context:" prefix.

camelContextId:localEndpointName[?options]
  • camelContextId is the ID you used to register the CamelContext into the Registry.
  • localEndpointName can be a valid Camel URI evaluated within the black box CamelContext. Or it can be a logical name which is mapped to any local endpoints. For example if you locally have endpoints like direct:invoices and seda:purchaseOrders inside a CamelContext of id supplyChain, then you can just use the URIs supplyChain:invoices or supplyChain:purchaseOrders to omit the physical endpoint kind and use pure logical URIs.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Example

In this example we'll create a black box context, then we'll use it from another CamelContext.

Defining the context component

First you need to create a CamelContext, add some routes in it, start it and then register the CamelContext into the Registry (JNDI, Spring, Guice or OSGi etc).

This can be done in the usual Camel way from this test case (see the createRegistry() method); this example shows Java and JNDI being used...

// lets create our black box as a camel context and a set of routes
DefaultCamelContext blackBox = new DefaultCamelContext(registry);
blackBox.setName("blackBox");
blackBox.addRoutes(new RouteBuilder() {
    @Override
    public void configure() throws Exception {
        // receive purchase orders, lets process it in some way then send an invoice
        // to our invoice endpoint
        from("direct:purchaseOrder").
          setHeader("received").constant("true").
          to("direct:invoice");
    }
});
blackBox.start();

registry.bind("accounts", blackBox);

Notice in the above route we are using pure local endpoints (direct and seda). Also note we expose this CamelContext using the accounts ID. We can do the same thing in Spring via

<camelContext id="accounts" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
  <route> 
    <from uri="direct:purchaseOrder"/>
    ...
    <to uri="direct:invoice"/>
  </route>
</camelContext>

Using the context component

Then in another CamelContext we can then refer to this "accounts black box" by just sending to accounts:purchaseOrder and consuming from accounts:invoice.

If you prefer to be more verbose and explicit you could use context:accounts:purchaseOrder or even context:accounts:direct://purchaseOrder if you prefer. But using logical endpoint URIs is preferred as it hides the implementation detail and provides a simple logical naming scheme.

For example if we wish to then expose this accounts black box on some middleware (outside of the black box) we can do things like...

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
  <route> 
    <!-- consume from an ActiveMQ into the black box -->
    <from uri="activemq:Accounts.PurchaseOrders"/>
    <to uri="accounts:purchaseOrders"/>
  </route>
  <route> 
    <!-- lets send invoices from the black box to a different ActiveMQ Queue -->
    <from uri="accounts:invoice"/>
    <to uri="activemq:UK.Accounts.Invoices"/>
  </route>
</camelContext>

Naming endpoints

A context component instance can have many public input and output endpoints that can be accessed from outside it's CamelContext. When there are many it is recommended that you use logical names for them to hide the middleware as shown above.

However when there is only one input, output or error/dead letter endpoint in a component we recommend using the common posix shell names in, out and err

Crypto component for Digital Signatures

Available as of Camel 2.3

With Camel cryptographic endpoints and Java's Cryptographic extension it is easy to create Digital Signatures for Exchanges. Camel provides a pair of flexible endpoints which get used in concert to create a signature for an exchange in one part of the exchange's workflow and then verify the signature in a later part of the workflow.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-crypto</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

Introduction

Digital signatures make use of Asymmetric Cryptographic techniques to sign messages. From a (very) high level, the algorithms use pairs of complimentary keys with the special property that data encrypted with one key can only be decrypted with the other. One, the private key, is closely guarded and used to 'sign' the message while the other, public key, is shared around to anyone interested in verifying the signed messages. Messages are signed by using the private key to encrypting a digest of the message. This encrypted digest is transmitted along with the message. On the other side the verifier recalculates the message digest and uses the public key to decrypt the the digest in the signature. If both digests match the verifier knows only the holder of the private key could have created the signature.

Camel uses the Signature service from the Java Cryptographic Extension to do all the heavy cryptographic lifting required to create exchange signatures. The following are some excellent resources for explaining the mechanics of Cryptography, Message digests and Digital Signatures and how to leverage them with the JCE.

  • Bruce Schneier's Applied Cryptography
  • Beginning Cryptography with Java by David Hook
  • The ever insightful Wikipedia Digital_signatures

URI format

As mentioned Camel provides a pair of crypto endpoints to create and verify signatures

crypto:sign:name[?options]
crypto:verify:name[?options]
  • crypto:sign creates the signature and stores it in the Header keyed by the constant Exchange.SIGNATURE, i.e. "CamelDigitalSignature".
  • crypto:verify will read in the contents of this header and do the verification calculation.

In order to correctly function, the sign and verify process needs a pair of keys to be shared, signing requiring a PrivateKey and verifying a PublicKey (or a Certificate containing one). Using the JCE it is very simple to generate these key pairs but it is usually most secure to use a KeyStore to house and share your keys. The DSL is very flexible about how keys are supplied and provides a number of mechanisms.

Note a crypto:sign endpoint is typically defined in one route and the complimentary crypto:verify in another, though for simplicity in the examples they appear one after the other. It goes without saying that both signing and verifying should be configured identically.

Options

Name Type Default Description
algorithm String DSA The name of the JCE Signature algorithm that will be used.
alias String null An alias name that will be used to select a key from the keystore.
bufferSize Integer 2048 the size of the buffer used in the signature process.
certificate Certificate null A Certificate used to verify the signature of the exchange's payload. Either this or a Public Key is required.
keystore KeyStore null A reference to a JCE Keystore that stores keys and certificates used to sign and verify.
provider String null The name of the JCE Security Provider that should be used.
privateKey PrivatKey null The private key used to sign the exchange's payload.
publicKey PublicKey null The public key used to verify the signature of the exchange's payload.
secureRandom secureRandom null A reference to a SecureRandom object that will be used to initialize the Signature service.
password char[] null The password for the keystore.
clearHeaders String true Remove camel crypto headers from Message after a verify operation (value can be "true"/"false").

Using

1) Raw keys

The most basic way to way to sign and verify an exchange is with a KeyPair as follows.

from("direct:keypair").to("crypto:sign://basic?privateKey=#myPrivateKey", "crypto:verify://basic?publicKey=#myPublicKey", "mock:result");

The same can be achieved with the Spring XML Extensions using references to keys

<route>
    <from uri="direct:keypair"/>
    <to uri="crypto:sign://basic?privateKey=#myPrivateKey" />
    <to uri="crypto:verify://basic?publicKey=#myPublicKey" />
    <to uri="mock:result"/>
</route>

2) KeyStores and Aliases.

The JCE provides a very versatile keystore concept for housing pairs of private keys and certificates, keeping them encrypted and password protected. They can be retrieved by applying an alias to the retrieval APIs. There are a number of ways to get keys and Certificates into a keystore, most often this is done with the external 'keytool' application. This is a good example of using keytool to create a KeyStore with a self signed Cert and Private key.

The examples use a Keystore with a key and cert aliased by 'bob'. The password for the keystore and the key is 'letmein'

The following shows how to use a Keystore via the Fluent builders, it also shows how to load and initialize the keystore.

from("direct:keystore").to("crypto:sign://keystore?keystore=#keystore&alias=bob&password=letmein", "crypto:verify://keystore?keystore=#keystore&alias=bob", "mock:result");

Again in Spring a ref is used to lookup an actual keystore instance.

<route>
    <from uri="direct:keystore"/>
    <to uri="crypto:sign://keystore?keystore=#keystore&amp;alias=bob&amp;password=letmein" />
    <to uri="crypto:verify://keystore?keystore=#keystore&amp;alias=bob" />
    <to uri="mock:result"/>
</route>        

3) Changing JCE Provider and Algorithm

Changing the Signature algorithm or the Security provider is a simple matter of specifying their names. You will need to also use Keys that are compatible with the algorithm you choose.

KeyPairGenerator keyGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
keyGen.initialize(512, new SecureRandom());
keyPair = keyGen.generateKeyPair();
PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();

// we can set the keys explicitly on the endpoint instances.
context.getEndpoint("crypto:sign://rsa?algorithm=MD5withRSA", DigitalSignatureEndpoint.class).setPrivateKey(privateKey);
context.getEndpoint("crypto:verify://rsa?algorithm=MD5withRSA", DigitalSignatureEndpoint.class).setPublicKey(publicKey);
from("direct:algorithm").to("crypto:sign://rsa?algorithm=MD5withRSA", "crypto:verify://rsa?algorithm=MD5withRSA", "mock:result");
from("direct:provider").to("crypto:sign://provider?privateKey=#myPrivateKey&provider=SUN", "crypto:verify://provider?publicKey=#myPublicKey&provider=SUN", "mock:result");

or

<route>
    <from uri="direct:algorithm"/>
    <to uri="crypto:sign://rsa?algorithm=MD5withRSA&amp;privateKey=#rsaPrivateKey" />
    <to uri="crypto:verify://rsa?algorithm=MD5withRSA&amp;publicKey=#rsaPublicKey" />
    <to uri="mock:result"/>
</route>        
<route>
    <from uri="direct:provider"/>
    <to uri="crypto:sign://provider?privateKey=#myPrivateKey&amp;provider=SUN" />
    <to uri="crypto:verify://provider?publicKey=#myPublicKey&amp;provider=SUN" />
    <to uri="mock:result"/>
</route>        

4) Changing the Signature Mesasge Header

It may be desirable to change the message header used to store the signature. A different header name can be specified in the route definition as follows

from("direct:signature-header").to("crypto:sign://another?privateKey=#myPrivateKey&signatureHeader=AnotherDigitalSignature",
                                   "crypto:verify://another?publicKey=#myPublicKey&signatureHeader=AnotherDigitalSignature", "mock:result");

or

<route>
    <from uri="direct:signature-header"/>
    <to uri="crypto:sign://another?privateKey=#myPrivateKey&amp;signatureHeader=AnotherDigitalSignature" />
    <to uri="crypto:verify://another?publicKey=#myPublicKey&amp;signatureHeader=AnotherDigitalSignature" />
    <to uri="mock:result"/>
</route>        

5) Changing the buffersize

In case you need to update the size of the buffer...

from("direct:buffersize").to("crypto:sign://buffer?privateKey=#myPrivateKey&buffersize=1024", "crypto:verify://buffer?publicKey=#myPublicKey&buffersize=1024", "mock:result");

or

<route>
    <from uri="direct:buffersize" />
    <to uri="crypto:sign://buffer?privateKey=#myPrivateKey&amp;buffersize=1024" />
    <to uri="crypto:verify://buffer?publicKey=#myPublicKey&amp;buffersize=1024" />
    <to uri="mock:result"/>
</route>        

6) Supplying Keys dynamically.

When using a Recipient list or similar EIP the recipient of an exchange can vary dynamically. Using the same key across all recipients may be neither feasible nor desirable. It would be useful to be able to specify signature keys dynamically on a per-exchange basis. The exchange could then be dynamically enriched with the key of its target recipient prior to signing. To facilitate this the signature mechanisms allow for keys to be supplied dynamically via the message headers below

  • Exchange.SIGNATURE_PRIVATE_KEY, "CamelSignaturePrivateKey"
  • Exchange.SIGNATURE_PUBLIC_KEY_OR_CERT, "CamelSignaturePublicKeyOrCert"
from("direct:headerkey-sign").to("crypto:sign://alias");
from("direct:headerkey-verify").to("crypto:verify://alias", "mock:result");

or

<route>
    <from uri="direct:headerkey-sign"/>
    <to uri="crypto:sign://headerkey" />
</route>       
<route>
    <from uri="direct:headerkey-verify"/>
    <to uri="crypto:verify://headerkey" />
    <to uri="mock:result"/>
</route>    

Even better would be to dynamically supply a keystore alias. Again the alias can be supplied in a message header

  • Exchange.KEYSTORE_ALIAS, "CamelSignatureKeyStoreAlias"
from("direct:alias-sign").to("crypto:sign://alias?keystore=#keystore");
from("direct:alias-verify").to("crypto:verify://alias?keystore=#keystore", "mock:result");

or

<route>
    <from uri="direct:alias-sign"/>
    <to uri="crypto:sign://alias?keystore=#keystore" />
</route>       
<route>
    <from uri="direct:alias-verify"/>
    <to uri="crypto:verify://alias?keystore=#keystore" />
    <to uri="mock:result"/>
</route>    

The header would be set as follows

Exchange unsigned = getMandatoryEndpoint("direct:alias-sign").createExchange();
unsigned.getIn().setBody(payload);
unsigned.getIn().setHeader(DigitalSignatureConstants.KEYSTORE_ALIAS, "bob");
unsigned.getIn().setHeader(DigitalSignatureConstants.KEYSTORE_PASSWORD, "letmein".toCharArray());
template.send("direct:alias-sign", unsigned);
Exchange signed = getMandatoryEndpoint("direct:alias-sign").createExchange();
signed.getIn().copyFrom(unsigned.getOut());
signed.getIn().setHeader(KEYSTORE_ALIAS, "bob");
template.send("direct:alias-verify", signed);

See Also

CXF Component

When using CXF as a consumer, the CXF Bean Component allows you to factor out how message payloads are received from their processing as a RESTful or SOAP web service. This has the potential of using a multitude of transports to consume web services. The bean component's configuration is also simpler and provides the fastest method to implement web services using Camel and CXF.

The cxf: component provides integration with Apache CXF for connecting to JAX-WS services hosted in CXF.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-cxf</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>
CXF dependencies
If you want to learn about CXF dependencies you can checkout the WHICH-JARS text file.

URI format

cxf:bean:cxfEndpoint[?options]

Where cxfEndpoint represents a bean ID that references a bean in the Spring bean registry. With this URI format, most of the endpoint details are specified in the bean definition.

cxf://someAddress[?options]

Where someAddress specifies the CXF endpoint's address. With this URI format, most of the endpoint details are specified using options.

For either style above, you can append options to the URI as follows:

cxf:bean:cxfEndpoint?wsdlURL=wsdl/hello_world.wsdl&dataFormat=PAYLOAD

Options

Name Required Description
wsdlURL No The location of the WSDL. It is obtained from endpoint address by default.

Example: file://local/wsdl/hello.wsdl or wsdl/hello.wsdl
serviceClass Yes The name of the SEI (Service Endpoint Interface) class. This class can have, but does not require, JSR181 annotations.
Since 2.0, this option is only required by POJO mode. If the wsdlURL option is provided, serviceClass is not required for PAYLOAD and MESSAGE mode. When wsdlURL option is used without serviceClass, the serviceName and portName (endpointName for Spring configuration) options MUST be provided. It is possible to use # notation to reference a serviceClass object instance from the registry. E.g. serviceClass=#beanName.
Since 2.8, it is possible to omit both wsdlURL and serviceClass options for PAYLOAD and MESSAGE mode. When they are omitted, arbitrary XML elements can be put in CxfPayload's body in PAYLOAD mode to facilitate CXF Dispatch Mode.

Please be advised that the referenced object cannot be a Proxy (Spring AOP Proxy is OK) as it relies on Object.getClass().getName() method for non Spring AOP Proxy.

Example: org.apache.camel.Hello
serviceClassInstance No Use either serviceClass or serviceClassInstance.
Deprecated in 2.x. In 1.6.x serviceClassInstance works like serviceClass=#beanName, which looks up a serviceObject instance from the registry.

Example: serviceClassInstance=beanName
serviceName No The service name this service is implementing, it maps to the wsdl:service@name.

Required for camel-cxf consumer since camel-2.2.0 or if more than one serviceName is present in WSDL.

Example: {http:­//org.apache.camel}ServiceName
portName No The port name this service is implementing, it maps to the wsdl:port@name.

Required for camel-cxf consumer since camel-2.2.0 or if more than one portName is present under serviceName.

Example: {http:­//org.apache.camel}PortName
dataFormat No The data type messages supported by the CXF endpoint.

Default: POJO
Example: POJO, PAYLOAD, MESSAGE
relayHeaders No Available since 1.6.1. Please see the Description of relayHeaders option section for this option in 2.0. Should a CXF endpoint relay headers along the route. Currently only available when dataFormat=POJO

Default: true
Example: true, false
wrapped No Which kind of operation that CXF endpoint producer will invoke

Default: false
Example: true, false
wrappedStyle No New in 2.5.0 The WSDL style that describes how parameters are represented in the SOAP body. If the value is false, CXF will chose the document-literal unwrapped style, If the value is true, CXF will chose the document-literal wrapped style

Default: Null
Example: true, false
setDefaultBus No Will set the default bus when CXF endpoint create a bus by itself

Default: false
Example: true, false
bus No New in 2.0.0. A default bus created by CXF Bus Factory. Use # notation to reference a bus object from the registry. The referenced object must be an instance of org.apache.cxf.Bus.

Example: bus=#busName
cxfBinding No New in 2.0. Use # notation to reference a CXF binding object from the registry. The referenced object must be an instance of org.apache.camel.component.cxf.CxfBinding (use an instance of org.apache.camel.component.cxf.DefaultCxfBinding).

Example: cxfBinding=#bindingName
headerFilterStrategy No New in 2.0. Use # notation to reference a header filter strategy object from the registry. The referenced object must be an instance of org.apache.camel.spi.HeaderFilterStrategy (use an instance of org.apache.camel.component.cxf.CxfHeaderFilterStrategy).

Example: headerFilterStrategy=#strategyName
loggingFeatureEnabled No New in 2.3. This option enables CXF Logging Feature which writes inbound and outbound SOAP messages to log.

Default: false
Example: loggingFeatureEnabled=true
defaultOperationName No New in 2.4, this option will set the default operationName that will be used by the CxfProducer which invokes the remote service.

Default: null
Example: defaultOperationName=greetMe
defaultOperationNamespace No New in 2.4. This option will set the default operationNamespace that will be used by the CxfProducer which invokes the remote service.

Default: null
Example: defaultOperationNamespace=http://apache.org/hello_world_soap_http
synchronous No New in 2.5. This option will let cxf endpoint decide to use sync or async API to do the underlying work. The default value is false which means camel-cxf endpoint will try to use async API by default.

Default: false
Example: synchronous=true
publishedEndpointUrl No New in 2.5. This option can override the endpointUrl that published from the WSDL which can be accessed with service address url plus ?wsdl.

Default: null
Example: publshedEndpointUrl=http://example.com/service
properties.XXX No Camel 2.8: Allows to set custom properties to CXF in the endpoint uri. For example setting properties.mtom-enabled=true to enable MTOM.
allowStreaming No New in 2.8.2. This option controls whether the CXF component, when running in PAYLOAD mode (see below), will DOM parse the incoming messages into DOM Elements or keep the payload as a javax.xml.transform.Source object that would allow streaming in some cases.

The serviceName and portName are QNames, so if you provide them be sure to prefix them with their {namespace} as shown in the examples above.

NOTE From CAMEL 1.5.1 , the serviceClass for a CXF producer (that is, the to endpoint) should be a Java interface.

The descriptions of the dataformats

DataFormat Description
POJO POJOs (Plain old Java objects) are the Java parameters to the method being invoked on the target server. Both Protocol and Logical JAX-WS handlers are supported.
PAYLOAD PAYLOAD is the message payload (the contents of the soap:body) after message configuration in the CXF endpoint is applied. Only Protocol JAX-WS handler is supported. Logical JAX-WS handler is not supported.
MESSAGE MESSAGE is the raw message that is received from the transport layer. It is not suppose to touch or change Stream, so you can't see any soap headers after the camel-cxf consumer and JAX-WS handler is not supported.

You can determine the data format mode of an exchange by retrieving the exchange property, CamelCXFDataFormat. The exchange key constant is defined in org.apache.camel.component.cxf.CxfConstants.DATA_FORMAT_PROPERTY.

How to enable CXF's LoggingOutInterceptor in MESSAGE mode

CXF's LoggingOutInterceptor outputs outbound message that goes on the wire to logging system (Java Util Logging). Since the LoggingOutInterceptor is in PRE_STREAM phase (but PRE_STREAM phase is removed in MESSAGE mode), you have to configure LoggingOutInterceptor to be run during the WRITE phase. The following is an example.

   <bean id="loggingOutInterceptor" class="org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingOutInterceptor">
        <!--  it really should have been user-prestream but CXF does have such phase! -->
        <constructor-arg value="target/write"/> 
   </bean>
   		
<cxf:cxfEndpoint id="serviceEndpoint" address="http://localhost:${CXFTestSupport.port2}/LoggingInterceptorInMessageModeTest/helloworld"
	serviceClass="org.apache.camel.component.cxf.HelloService">
	<cxf:outInterceptors>
	    <ref bean="loggingOutInterceptor"/>
	</cxf:outInterceptors>
	<cxf:properties>
		<entry key="dataFormat" value="MESSAGE"/>
	</cxf:properties>
</cxf:cxfEndpoint>

Description of relayHeaders option

There are in-band and out-of-band on-the-wire headers from the perspective of a JAXWS WSDL-first developer.

The in-band headers are headers that are explicitly defined as part of the WSDL binding contract for an endpoint such as SOAP headers.

The out-of-band headers are headers that are serialized over the wire, but are not explicitly part of the WSDL binding contract.

Headers relaying/filtering is bi-directional.

When a route has a CXF endpoint and the developer needs to have on-the-wire headers, such as SOAP headers, be relayed along the route to be consumed say by another JAXWS endpoint, then relayHeaders should be set to true, which is the default value.

Available in Release 1.6.1 and after (only in POJO mode)

The relayHeaders=true express an intent to relay the headers. The actual decision on whether a given header is relayed is delegated to a pluggable instance that implements the MessageHeadersRelay interface. A concrete implementation of MessageHeadersRelay will be consulted to decide if a header needs to be relayed or not. There is already an implementation of SoapMessageHeadersRelay which binds itself to well-known SOAP name spaces. Currently only out-of-band headers are filtered, and in-band headers will always be relayed when relayHeaders=true. If there is a header on the wire, whose name space is unknown to the runtime, then a fall back DefaultMessageHeadersRelay will be used, which simply allows all headers to be relayed.

The relayHeaders=false setting asserts that all headers in-band and out-of-band will be dropped.

You can plugin your own MessageHeadersRelay implementations overriding or adding additional ones to the list of relays. In order to override a preloaded relay instance just make sure that your MessageHeadersRelay implementation services the same name spaces as the one you looking to override. Also note, that the overriding relay has to service all of the name spaces as the one you looking to override, or else a runtime exception on route start up will be thrown as this would introduce an ambiguity in name spaces to relay instance mappings.

<cxf:cxfEndpoint ...>
   <cxf:properties>
     <entry key="org.apache.camel.cxf.message.headers.relays">
       <list>
         <ref bean="customHeadersRelay"/>
       </list>
     </entry>
   </cxf:properties>
 </cxf:cxfEndpoint>
 <bean id="customHeadersRelay" class="org.apache.camel.component.cxf.soap.headers.CustomHeadersRelay"/>

Take a look at the tests that show how you'd be able to relay/drop headers here:

https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/camel/branches/camel-1.x/components/camel-cxf/src/test/java/org/apache/camel/component/cxf/soap/headers/CxfMessageHeadersRelayTest.java

Changes since Release 2.0
  • POJO and PAYLOAD modes are supported. In POJO mode, only out-of-band message headers are available for filtering as the in-band headers have been processed and removed from header list by CXF. The in-band headers are incorporated into the MessageContentList in POJO mode. The camel-cxf component does make any attempt to remove the in-band headers from the MessageContentList as it does in 1.6.1. If filtering of in-band headers is required, please use PAYLOAD mode or plug in a (pretty straightforward) CXF interceptor/JAXWS Handler to the CXF endpoint.
  • The Message Header Relay mechanism has been merged into CxfHeaderFilterStrategy. The relayHeaders option, its semantics, and default value remain the same, but it is a property of CxfHeaderFilterStrategy.
    Here is an example of configuring it.
    <bean id="dropAllMessageHeadersStrategy" class="org.apache.camel.component.cxf.common.header.CxfHeaderFilterStrategy">
    
        <!--  Set relayHeaders to false to drop all SOAP headers -->
        <property name="relayHeaders" value="false"/>
        
    </bean>
    

    Then, your endpoint can reference the CxfHeaderFilterStrategy.

    <route>
        <from uri="cxf:bean:routerNoRelayEndpoint?headerFilterStrategy=#dropAllMessageHeadersStrategy"/>          
        <to uri="cxf:bean:serviceNoRelayEndpoint?headerFilterStrategy=#dropAllMessageHeadersStrategy"/>
    </route>
    
  • The MessageHeadersRelay interface has changed slightly and has been renamed to MessageHeaderFilter. It is a property of CxfHeaderFilterStrategy. Here is an example of configuring user defined Message Header Filters:
    <bean id="customMessageFilterStrategy" class="org.apache.camel.component.cxf.common.header.CxfHeaderFilterStrategy">
        <property name="messageHeaderFilters">
            <list>
                <!--  SoapMessageHeaderFilter is the built in filter.  It can be removed by omitting it. -->
                <bean class="org.apache.camel.component.cxf.common.header.SoapMessageHeaderFilter"/>
                
                <!--  Add custom filter here -->    
                <bean class="org.apache.camel.component.cxf.soap.headers.CustomHeaderFilter"/>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    
  • Other than relayHeaders, there are new properties that can be configured in CxfHeaderFilterStrategy.
    Name Required Description
    relayHeaders No All message headers will be processed by Message Header Filters

    Type: boolean
    Default: true (1.6.1 behavior)
    relayAllMessageHeaders No All message headers will be propagated (without processing by Message Header Filters)

    Type: boolean
    Default: false (1.6.1 behavior)
    allowFilterNamespaceClash No If two filters overlap in activation namespace, the property control how it should be handled. If the value is true, last one wins. If the value is false, it will throw an exception

    Type: boolean
    Default: false (1.6.1 behavior)

    Configure the CXF endpoints with Spring

    You can configure the CXF endpoint with the Spring configuration file shown below, and you can also embed the endpoint into the camelContext tags. When you are invoking the service endpoint, you can set the operationName and operationNamespace headers to explicitly state which operation you are calling.

    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
            xmlns:cxf="http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/cxfEndpoint"
            xsi:schemaLocation="
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
                    http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/cxfEndpoint http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/cxf/camel-cxf-1.6.0.xsd
                    http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/spring http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/spring/camel-spring.xsd     ">
         <cxf:cxfEndpoint id="routerEndpoint" address="http://localhost:9003/CamelContext/RouterPort"
         		serviceClass="org.apache.hello_world_soap_http.GreeterImpl"/>
         <cxf:cxfEndpoint id="serviceEndpoint" address="http://localhost:9000/SoapContext/SoapPort"
         		wsdlURL="testutils/hello_world.wsdl"
         		serviceClass="org.apache.hello_world_soap_http.Greeter"
         		endpointName="s:SoapPort"
         		serviceName="s:SOAPService"
         	xmlns:s="http://apache.org/hello_world_soap_http" />
         <camelContext id="camel" xmlns="http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/spring">
           <route>
             <from uri="cxf:bean:routerEndpoint" />
             <to uri="cxf:bean:serviceEndpoint" />
           </route>
        </camelContext>
      </beans>
    

    NOTE In Camel 2.x we change to use {{http:­//camel.apache.org/schema/cxf}} as the CXF endpoint's target namespace.

    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
            xmlns:cxf="http://camel.apache.org/schema/cxf"
            xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
            http://camel.apache.org/schema/cxf http://camel.apache.org/schema/cxf/camel-cxf.xsd
            http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring/camel-spring.xsd     ">
     ...
    

    Be sure to include the JAX-WS schemaLocation attribute specified on the root beans element. This allows CXF to validate the file and is required. Also note the namespace declarations at the end of the <cxf:cxfEndpoint/> tag--these are required because the combined {namespace}localName syntax is presently not supported for this tag's attribute values.

    The cxf:cxfEndpoint element supports many additional attributes:

    Name Value
    PortName The endpoint name this service is implementing, it maps to the wsdl:port@name. In the format of ns:PORT_NAME where ns is a namespace prefix valid at this scope.
    serviceName The service name this service is implementing, it maps to the wsdl:service@name. In the format of ns:SERVICE_NAME where ns is a namespace prefix valid at this scope.
    wsdlURL The location of the WSDL. Can be on the classpath, file system, or be hosted remotely.
    bindingId The bindingId for the service model to use.
    address The service publish address.
    bus The bus name that will be used in the JAX-WS endpoint.
    serviceClass The class name of the SEI (Service Endpoint Interface) class which could have JSR181 annotation or not.

    It also supports many child elements:

    Name Value
    cxf:inInterceptors The incoming interceptors for this endpoint. A list of <bean> or <ref>.
    cxf:inFaultInterceptors The incoming fault interceptors for this endpoint. A list of <bean> or <ref>.
    cxf:outInterceptors The outgoing interceptors for this endpoint. A list of <bean> or <ref>.
    cxf:outFaultInterceptors The outgoing fault interceptors for this endpoint. A list of <bean> or <ref>.
    cxf:properties A properties map which should be supplied to the JAX-WS endpoint. See below.
    cxf:handlers A JAX-WS handler list which should be supplied to the JAX-WS endpoint. See below.
    cxf:dataBinding You can specify the which DataBinding will be use in the endpoint. This can be supplied using the Spring <bean class="MyDataBinding"/> syntax.
    cxf:binding You can specify the BindingFactory for this endpoint to use. This can be supplied using the Spring <bean class="MyBindingFactory"/> syntax.
    cxf:features The features that hold the interceptors for this endpoint. A list of {{<bean>}}s or {{<ref>}}s
    cxf:schemaLocations The schema locations for endpoint to use. A list of {{<schemaLocation>}}s
    cxf:serviceFactory The service factory for this endpoint to use. This can be supplied using the Spring <bean class="MyServiceFactory"/> syntax

You can find more advanced examples which show how to provide interceptors , properties and handlers here:
http://cwiki.apache.org/CXF20DOC/jax-ws-configuration.html

NOTE
You can use cxf:properties to set the camel-cxf endpoint's dataFormat and setDefaultBus properties from spring configuration file.

<cxf:cxfEndpoint id="testEndpoint" address="http://localhost:9000/router"
     serviceClass="org.apache.camel.component.cxf.HelloService"
     endpointName="s:PortName"
     serviceName="s:ServiceName"
     xmlns:s="http://www.example.com/test">
     <cxf:properties>
       <entry key="dataFormat" value="MESSAGE"/>
       <entry key="setDefaultBus" value="true"/>
     </cxf:properties>
   </cxf:cxfEndpoint>

Configuring the CXF Endpoints with Apache Aries Blueprint.

Since camel 2.8 there is support for utilizing aries blueprint dependency injection for your CXF endpoints.
The schema utilized is very similar to the spring schema so the transition is fairly transparent.

Example


<blueprint xmlns="http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:cm="http://aries.apache.org/blueprint/xmlns/blueprint-cm/v1.0.0"
           xmlns:camel-cxf="http://camel.apache.org/schema/blueprint/cxf"
	   xmlns:cxfcore="http://cxf.apache.org/blueprint/core"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0 http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0/blueprint.xsd">

      <camel-cxf:cxfEndpoint id="routerEndpoint"
                     address="http://localhost:9001/router"
                     serviceClass="org.apache.servicemix.examples.cxf.HelloWorld">
        <camel-cxf:properties>
            <entry key="dataFormat" value="MESSAGE"/>
        </camel-cxf:properties>
     </camel-cxf:cxfEndpoint>

     <camel-cxf:cxfEndpoint id="serviceEndpoint"
			address="http://localhost:9000/SoapContext/SoapPort"
                     serviceClass="org.apache.servicemix.examples.cxf.HelloWorld">
    </camel-cxf:cxfEndpoint>

    <camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/blueprint">
        <route>
            <from uri="routerEndpoint"/>
            <to uri="log:request"/>
        </route>
    </camelContext>

</blueprint>

Currently the endpoint element is the first supported CXF namespacehandler.

You can also use the bean references just as in spring


<blueprint xmlns="http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:cm="http://aries.apache.org/blueprint/xmlns/blueprint-cm/v1.0.0"
           xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/blueprint/jaxws"
           xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/blueprint/core"
           xmlns:camel="http://camel.apache.org/schema/blueprint"
           xmlns:camelcxf="http://camel.apache.org/schema/blueprint/cxf"
           xsi:schemaLocation="
             http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0 http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0/blueprint.xsd
             http://cxf.apache.org/blueprint/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/blueprint/jaxws.xsd
             http://cxf.apache.org/blueprint/core http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/blueprint/core.xsd
             ">

    <camelcxf:cxfEndpoint id="reportIncident"
                     address="/camel-example-cxf-blueprint/webservices/incident"
                     wsdlURL="META-INF/wsdl/report_incident.wsdl"
                     serviceClass="org.apache.camel.example.reportincident.ReportIncidentEndpoint">
    </camelcxf:cxfEndpoint>

    <bean id="reportIncidentRoutes" class="org.apache.camel.example.reportincident.ReportIncidentRoutes" />

    <camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/blueprint">
        <routeBuilder ref="reportIncidentRoutes"/>
    </camelContext>

</blueprint>

How to make the camel-cxf component use log4j instead of java.util.logging

CXF's default logger is java.util.logging. If you want to change it to log4j, proceed as follows. Create a file, in the classpath, named META-INF/cxf/org.apache.cxf.logger. This file should contain the fully-qualified name of the class, org.apache.cxf.common.logging.Log4jLogger, with no comments, on a single line.

How to let camel-cxf response message with xml start document

If you are using some soap client such as PHP, you will get this kind of error, because CXF doesn't add the XML start document "<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>"

Error:sendSms: SoapFault exception: [Client] looks like we got no XML document in [...]

To resolved this issue, you just need to tell StaxOutInterceptor to write the XML start document for you.

public class WriteXmlDeclarationInterceptor extends AbstractPhaseInterceptor<SoapMessage> {
    public WriteXmlDeclarationInterceptor() {
        super(Phase.PRE_STREAM);
        addBefore(StaxOutInterceptor.class.getName());
    }

    public void handleMessage(SoapMessage message) throws Fault {
        message.put("org.apache.cxf.stax.force-start-document", Boolean.TRUE);        
    }

}

You can add a customer interceptor like this and configure it into you camel-cxf endpont

<cxf:cxfEndpoint id="routerEndpoint" address="http://localhost:${CXFTestSupport.port2}/CXFGreeterRouterTest/CamelContext/RouterPort"
 		serviceClass="org.apache.hello_world_soap_http.GreeterImpl">
     <cxf:outInterceptors>
         <!-- This interceptor will force the CXF server send the XML start document to client -->
         <bean class="org.apache.camel.component.cxf.WriteXmlDeclarationInterceptor"/>
     </cxf:outInterceptors>
     <cxf:properties>
         <!-- Set the publishedEndpointUrl which could override the service address from generated WSDL as you want -->
 	    <entry key="publishedEndpointUrl" value="http://www.simple.com/services/test" />
 	</cxf:properties>
</cxf:cxfEndpoint>

Or adding a message header for it like this if you are using Camel 2.4.

 // set up the response context which force start document
 Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
 map.put("org.apache.cxf.stax.force-start-document", Boolean.TRUE);
 exchange.getOut().setHeader(Client.RESPONSE_CONTEXT, map);

How to consume a message from a camel-cxf endpoint in POJO data format

The camel-cxf endpoint consumer POJO data format is based on the cxf invoker, so the message header has a property with the name of CxfConstants.OPERATION_NAME and the message body is a list of the SEI method parameters.

public class PersonProcessor implements Processor {

    private static final transient Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PersonProcessor.class);

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        LOG.info("processing exchange in camel");

        BindingOperationInfo boi = (BindingOperationInfo)exchange.getProperty(BindingOperationInfo.class.toString());
        if (boi != null) {
            LOG.info("boi.isUnwrapped" + boi.isUnwrapped());
        }
        // Get the parameters list which element is the holder.
        MessageContentsList msgList = (MessageContentsList)exchange.getIn().getBody();
        Holder<String> personId = (Holder<String>)msgList.get(0);
        Holder<String> ssn = (Holder<String>)msgList.get(1);
        Holder<String> name = (Holder<String>)msgList.get(2);

        if (personId.value == null || personId.value.length() == 0) {
            LOG.info("person id 123, so throwing exception");
            // Try to throw out the soap fault message
            org.apache.camel.wsdl_first.types.UnknownPersonFault personFault =
                new org.apache.camel.wsdl_first.types.UnknownPersonFault();
            personFault.setPersonId("");
            org.apache.camel.wsdl_first.UnknownPersonFault fault =
                new org.apache.camel.wsdl_first.UnknownPersonFault("Get the null value of person name", personFault);
            // Since camel has its own exception handler framework, we can't throw the exception to trigger it
            // We just set the fault message in the exchange for camel-cxf component handling and return
            exchange.getOut().setFault(true);
            exchange.getOut().setBody(fault);
            return;
        }

        name.value = "Bonjour";
        ssn.value = "123";
        LOG.info("setting Bonjour as the response");
        // Set the response message, first element is the return value of the operation,
        // the others are the holders of method parameters
        exchange.getOut().setBody(new Object[] {null, personId, ssn, name});
    }

}

How to prepare the message for the camel-cxf endpoint in POJO data format

The camel-cxf endpoint producer is based on the cxf client API. First you need to specify the operation name in the message header, then add the method parameters to a list, and initialize the message with this parameter list. The response message's body is a messageContentsList, you can get the result from that list.

NOTE After Camel 1.5 , we change the message body from object array to message content list. If you still want to get the object array from the message body, you can get the body using message.getbody(Object[].class), as follows:

Exchange senderExchange = new DefaultExchange(context, ExchangePattern.InOut);
final List<String> params = new ArrayList<String>();
// Prepare the request message for the camel-cxf procedure
params.add(TEST_MESSAGE);
senderExchange.getIn().setBody(params);
senderExchange.getIn().setHeader(CxfConstants.OPERATION_NAME, ECHO_OPERATION);

Exchange exchange = template.send("direct:EndpointA", senderExchange);

org.apache.camel.Message out = exchange.getOut();
// The response message's body is an MessageContentsList which first element is the return value of the operation,
// If there are some holder parameters, the holder parameter will be filled in the reset of List.
// The result will be extract from the MessageContentsList with the String class type
MessageContentsList result = (MessageContentsList)out.getBody();
LOG.info("Received output text: " + result.get(0));
Map<String, Object> responseContext = CastUtils.cast((Map<?, ?>)out.getHeader(Client.RESPONSE_CONTEXT));
assertNotNull(responseContext);
assertEquals("We should get the response context here", "UTF-8", responseContext.get(org.apache.cxf.message.Message.ENCODING));
assertEquals("Reply body on Camel is wrong", "echo " + TEST_MESSAGE, result.get(0));

How to deal with the message for a camel-cxf endpoint in PAYLOAD data format

PAYLOAD means that you process the payload message from the SOAP envelope. You can use the Header.HEADER_LIST as the key to set or get the SOAP headers and use the List<Element> to set or get SOAP body elements.
Camel 1.x branch, you can get the List<Element> and header from the CXF Message, but if you want to set the response message, you need to create the CXF message using the CXF API.

protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        public void configure() {
            from(SIMPLE_ENDPOINT_URI + "&dataFormat=PAYLOAD").to("log:info").process(new Processor() {
                public void process(final Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
                    Message inMessage = exchange.getIn();
                    if (inMessage instanceof CxfMessage) {
                        CxfMessage cxfInMessage = (CxfMessage) inMessage;
                        CxfMessage cxfOutMessage = (CxfMessage) exchange.getOut();
                        List<Element> inElements = cxfInMessage.getMessage().get(List.class);
                        List<Element> outElements = new ArrayList<Element>();
                        XmlConverter converter = new XmlConverter();
                        String documentString = ECHO_RESPONSE;
                        if (inElements.get(0).getLocalName().equals("echoBoolean")) {
                            documentString = ECHO_BOOLEAN_RESPONSE;
                        }
                        org.apache.cxf.message.Exchange ex = ((CxfExchange)exchange).getExchange();
                        Endpoint ep = ex.get(Endpoint.class);
                        org.apache.cxf.message.Message response = ep.getBinding().createMessage();
                        Document outDocument = converter.toDOMDocument(documentString);
                        outElements.add(outDocument.getDocumentElement());
                        response.put(List.class, outElements);
                        cxfOutMessage.setMessage(response);                            
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    };
}

Change in 2.0, There is no more CxfMessage, we just use the common Camel DefaultMessageImpl under layer. Message.getBody() will return an org.apache.camel.component.cxf.CxfPayload object, which has getters for SOAP message headers and Body elements. This change enables decoupling the native CXF message from the Camel message.

protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        public void configure() {
            from(simpleEndpointURI + "&dataFormat=PAYLOAD").to("log:info").process(new Processor() {
                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
                public void process(final Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
                    CxfPayload<SoapHeader> requestPayload = exchange.getIn().getBody(CxfPayload.class);
                    List<Source> inElements = requestPayload.getBodySources();
                    List<Source> outElements = new ArrayList<Source>();
                    // You can use a customer toStringConverter to turn a CxfPayLoad message into String as you want                        
                    String request = exchange.getIn().getBody(String.class);
                    XmlConverter converter = new XmlConverter();
                    String documentString = ECHO_RESPONSE;
                    
                    Element in = new XmlConverter().toDOMElement(inElements.get(0));
                    // Just check the element namespace
                    if (!in.getNamespaceURI().equals(ELEMENT_NAMESPACE)) {
                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Wrong element namespace");
                    }
                    if (in.getLocalName().equals("echoBoolean")) {
                        documentString = ECHO_BOOLEAN_RESPONSE;
                        checkRequest("ECHO_BOOLEAN_REQUEST", request);
                    } else {
                        documentString = ECHO_RESPONSE;
                        checkRequest("ECHO_REQUEST", request);
                    }
                    Document outDocument = converter.toDOMDocument(documentString);
                    outElements.add(new DOMSource(outDocument.getDocumentElement()));
                    // set the payload header with null
                    CxfPayload<SoapHeader> responsePayload = new CxfPayload<SoapHeader>(null, outElements, null);
                    exchange.getOut().setBody(responsePayload); 
                }
            });
        }
    };
}

How to get and set SOAP headers in POJO mode

POJO means that the data format is a "list of Java objects" when the Camel-cxf endpoint produces or consumes Camel exchanges. Even though Camel expose message body as POJOs in this mode, Camel-cxf still provides access to read and write SOAP headers. However, since CXF interceptors remove in-band SOAP headers from Header list after they have been processed, only out-of-band SOAP headers are available to Camel-cxf in POJO mode.

The following example illustrate how to get/set SOAP headers. Suppose we have a route that forwards from one Camel-cxf endpoint to another. That is, SOAP Client -> Camel -> CXF service. We can attach two processors to obtain/insert SOAP headers at (1) before request goes out to the CXF service and (2) before response comes back to the SOAP Client. Processor (1) and (2) in this example are InsertRequestOutHeaderProcessor and InsertResponseOutHeaderProcessor. Our route looks like this:

<route>
    <from uri="cxf:bean:routerRelayEndpointWithInsertion"/>
    <process ref="InsertRequestOutHeaderProcessor" />
    <to uri="cxf:bean:serviceRelayEndpointWithInsertion"/>
    <process ref="InsertResponseOutHeaderProcessor" />
</route>     

In 2.x SOAP headers are propagated to and from Camel Message headers. The Camel message header name is "org.apache.cxf.headers.Header.list" which is a constant defined in CXF (org.apache.cxf.headers.Header.HEADER_LIST). The header value is a List of CXF SoapHeader objects (org.apache.cxf.binding.soap.SoapHeader). The following snippet is the InsertResponseOutHeaderProcessor (that insert a new SOAP header in the response message). The way to access SOAP headers in both InsertResponseOutHeaderProcessor and InsertRequestOutHeaderProcessor are actually the same. The only difference between the two processors is setting the direction of the inserted SOAP header.

public static class InsertResponseOutHeaderProcessor implements Processor {

    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        List<SoapHeader> soapHeaders = CastUtils.cast((List<?>)exchange.getIn().getHeader(Header.HEADER_LIST));

        // Insert a new header
        String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?><outofbandHeader "
            + "xmlns=\"http://cxf.apache.org/outofband/Header\" hdrAttribute=\"testHdrAttribute\" "
            + "xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" soap:mustUnderstand=\"1\">"
            + "<name>New_testOobHeader</name><value>New_testOobHeaderValue</value></outofbandHeader>";
        SoapHeader newHeader = new SoapHeader(soapHeaders.get(0).getName(),
                       DOMUtils.readXml(new StringReader(xml)).getDocumentElement());
        // make sure direction is OUT since it is a response message.
        newHeader.setDirection(Direction.DIRECTION_OUT);
        //newHeader.setMustUnderstand(false);
        soapHeaders.add(newHeader);
        
    }
    
}

In 1.x SOAP headers are not propagated to and from Camel Message headers. Users have to go deeper into CXF APIs to access SOAP headers. Also, accessing the SOAP headers in a request message is slight different than in a response message. The InsertRequestOutHeaderProcessor and InsertResponseOutHeaderProcessor are as follow.

public static class InsertRequestOutHeaderProcessor implements Processor {
    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        CxfMessage message = exchange.getIn().getBody(CxfMessage.class);
        Message cxf = message.getMessage();
        List<SoapHeader> soapHeaders = (List)cxf.get(Header.HEADER_LIST);

        // Insert a new header
        String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?><outofbandHeader "
            + "xmlns=\"http://cxf.apache.org/outofband/Header\" hdrAttribute=\"testHdrAttribute\" "
            + "xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" soap:mustUnderstand=\"1\">"
            + "<name>New_testOobHeader</name><value>New_testOobHeaderValue</value></outofbandHeader>";
        
        SoapHeader newHeader = new SoapHeader(soapHeaders.get(0).getName(),
                                              DOMUtils.readXml(new StringReader(xml)).getDocumentElement());
        // make sure direction is IN since it is a request message.
        newHeader.setDirection(Direction.DIRECTION_IN);
        //newHeader.setMustUnderstand(false);
        soapHeaders.add(newHeader);
        
    }
}

public static class InsertResponseOutHeaderProcessor implements Processor {
    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        CxfMessage message = exchange.getIn().getBody(CxfMessage.class);
        Map responseContext = (Map)message.getMessage().get(Client.RESPONSE_CONTEXT);
        List<SoapHeader> soapHeaders = (List)responseContext.get(Header.HEADER_LIST);
        
        // Insert a new header
        String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?><outofbandHeader "
            + "xmlns=\"http://cxf.apache.org/outofband/Header\" hdrAttribute=\"testHdrAttribute\" "
            + "xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" soap:mustUnderstand=\"1\">"
            + "<name>New_testOobHeader</name><value>New_testOobHeaderValue</value></outofbandHeader>";
        SoapHeader newHeader = new SoapHeader(soapHeaders.get(0).getName(),
                       DOMUtils.readXml(new StringReader(xml)).getDocumentElement());
        // make sure direction is OUT since it is a response message.
        newHeader.setDirection(Direction.DIRECTION_OUT);
        //newHeader.setMustUnderstand(false);
        soapHeaders.add(newHeader);
                                       
    }
}

How to get and set SOAP headers in PAYLOAD mode

We've already shown how to access SOAP message (CxfPayload object) in PAYLOAD mode (See "How to deal with the message for a camel-cxf endpoint in PAYLOAD data format").

In 2.x Once you obtain a CxfPayload object, you can invoke the CxfPayload.getHeaders() method that returns a List of DOM Elements (SOAP headers).

from(getRouterEndpointURI()).process(new Processor() {
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        CxfPayload<SoapHeader> payload = exchange.getIn().getBody(CxfPayload.class);
        List<Source> elements = payload.getBodySources();
        assertNotNull("We should get the elements here", elements);
        assertEquals("Get the wrong elements size", 1, elements.size());
        
        Element el = new XmlConverter().toDOMElement(elements.get(0));
        elements.set(0, new DOMSource(el));
        assertEquals("Get the wrong namespace URI", "http://camel.apache.org/pizza/types", 
                el.getNamespaceURI());
            
        List<SoapHeader> headers = payload.getHeaders();
        assertNotNull("We should get the headers here", headers);
        assertEquals("Get the wrong headers size", headers.size(), 1);
        assertEquals("Get the wrong namespace URI", 
                ((Element)(headers.get(0).getObject())).getNamespaceURI(), 
                "http://camel.apache.org/pizza/types");         
    }
    
})
.to(getServiceEndpointURI());

*In 1.x" You can get/set to the CXF Message by the key "org.apache.cxf.headers.Header.list" which is a constant defined in CXF (org.apache.cxf.headers.Header.HEADER_LIST).

from(routerEndpointURI).process(new Processor() {
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        Message inMessage = exchange.getIn();
        CxfMessage message = (CxfMessage) inMessage;
        List<Element> elements = message.getMessage().get(List.class);
        assertNotNull("We should get the payload elements here" , elements);
        assertEquals("Get the wrong elements size" , elements.size(), 1);
        assertEquals("Get the wrong namespace URI" , elements.get(0).getNamespaceURI(), "http://camel.apache.org/pizza/types");
            
        List<SoapHeader> headers = CastUtils.cast((List<?>)message.getMessage().get(Header.HEADER_LIST));
        assertNotNull("We should get the headers here", headers);
        assertEquals("Get the wrong headers size", headers.size(), 1);
        assertEquals("Get the wrong namespace URI" , ((Element)(headers.get(0).getObject())).getNamespaceURI(), "http://camel.apache.org/pizza/types");
        
    }
    
})
.to(serviceEndpointURI);

SOAP headers are not available in MESSAGE mode

SOAP headers are not available in MESSAGE mode as SOAP processing is skipped.

How to throw a SOAP Fault from Camel

If you are using a camel-cxf endpoint to consume the SOAP request, you may need to throw the SOAP Fault from the camel context.
Basically, you can use the throwFault DSL to do that; it works for POJO, PAYLOAD and MESSAGE data format.
You can define the soap fault like this

SOAP_FAULT = new SoapFault(EXCEPTION_MESSAGE, SoapFault.FAULT_CODE_CLIENT);
Element detail = SOAP_FAULT.getOrCreateDetail();
Document doc = detail.getOwnerDocument();
Text tn = doc.createTextNode(DETAIL_TEXT);
detail.appendChild(tn);

Then throw it as you like

from(routerEndpointURI).setFaultBody(constant(SOAP_FAULT));

If your CXF endpoint is working in the MESSAGE data format, you could set the the SOAP Fault message in the message body and set the response code in the message header.

from(routerEndpointURI).process(new Processor() {

    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        Message out = exchange.getOut();
        // Set the message body with the 
        out.setBody(this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("SoapFaultMessage.xml"));
        // Set the response code here
        out.setHeader(org.apache.cxf.message.Message.RESPONSE_CODE, new Integer(500));
    }

});

NOTE the response code setting only works in Camel's version >= 1.5.1

Same for using POJO data format. You can set the SOAPFault on the out body and also indicate it's a fault by calling Message.setFault(true):

from("direct:start").onException(SoapFault.class).maximumRedeliveries(0).handled(true)
    .process(new Processor() {
        public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
            SoapFault fault = exchange
                .getProperty(Exchange.EXCEPTION_CAUGHT, SoapFault.class);
            exchange.getOut().setFault(true);
            exchange.getOut().setBody(fault);
        }

    }).end().to(serviceURI);

How to propagate a camel-cxf endpoint's request and response context

cxf client API provides a way to invoke the operation with request and response context. If you are using a camel-cxf endpoint producer to invoke the outside web service, you can set the request context and get response context with the following code:

        CxfExchange exchange = (CxfExchange)template.send(getJaxwsEndpointUri(), new Processor() {
             public void process(final Exchange exchange) {
                 final List<String> params = new ArrayList<String>();
                 params.add(TEST_MESSAGE);
                 // Set the request context to the inMessage
                 Map<String, Object> requestContext = new HashMap<String, Object>();
                 requestContext.put(BindingProvider.ENDPOINT_ADDRESS_PROPERTY, JAXWS_SERVER_ADDRESS);
                 exchange.getIn().setBody(params);
                 exchange.getIn().setHeader(Client.REQUEST_CONTEXT , requestContext);
                 exchange.getIn().setHeader(CxfConstants.OPERATION_NAME, GREET_ME_OPERATION);
             }
         });
         org.apache.camel.Message out = exchange.getOut();
         // The output is an object array, the first element of the array is the return value
         Object\[\] output = out.getBody(Object\[\].class);
         LOG.info("Received output text: " + output\[0\]);
         // Get the response context form outMessage
         Map<String, Object> responseContext = CastUtils.cast((Map)out.getHeader(Client.RESPONSE_CONTEXT));
         assertNotNull(responseContext);
         assertEquals("Get the wrong wsdl opertion name", "{http://apache.org/hello_world_soap_http}greetMe",
                      responseContext.get("javax.xml.ws.wsdl.operation").toString());

Attachment Support

POJO Mode: Both SOAP with Attachment and MTOM are supported (see example in Payload Mode for enabling MTOM).  However, SOAP with Attachment is not tested.  Since attachments are marshalled and unmarshalled into POJOs, users typically do not need to deal with the attachment themself.  Attachments are propagated to Camel message's attachments since 2.1.  So, it is possible to retreive attachments by Camel Message API

DataHandler Message.getAttachment(String id)

.

Payload Mode: MTOM is supported since 2.1. Attachments can be retrieved by Camel Message APIs mentioned above. SOAP with Attachment (SwA) is supported and attachments can be retrieved since 2.5. SwA is the default (same as setting the CXF endpoint property "mtom_enabled" to false). 

To enable MTOM, set the CXF endpoint property "mtom_enabled" to true. (I believe you can only do it with Spring.)

<cxf:cxfEndpoint id="routerEndpoint" address="http://localhost:${CXFTestSupport.port1}/CxfMtomRouterPayloadModeTest/jaxws-mtom/hello"
         wsdlURL="mtom.wsdl"
         serviceName="ns:HelloService"
         endpointName="ns:HelloPort"
         xmlns:ns="http://apache.org/camel/cxf/mtom_feature">

     <cxf:properties>
         <!--  enable mtom by setting this property to true -->
         <entry key="mtom-enabled" value="true"/>
         
         <!--  set the camel-cxf endpoint data fromat to PAYLOAD mode -->
         <entry key="dataFormat" value="PAYLOAD"/>
     </cxf:properties>      
     

You can produce a Camel message with attachment to send to a CXF endpoint in Payload mode.

Exchange exchange = context.createProducerTemplate().send("direct:testEndpoint", new Processor() {

    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        exchange.setPattern(ExchangePattern.InOut);
        List<Source> elements = new ArrayList<Source>();
        elements.add(new DOMSource(DOMUtils.readXml(new StringReader(MtomTestHelper.REQ_MESSAGE)).getDocumentElement()));
        CxfPayload<SoapHeader> body = new CxfPayload<SoapHeader>(new ArrayList<SoapHeader>(),
            elements, null);
        exchange.getIn().setBody(body);
        exchange.getIn().addAttachment(MtomTestHelper.REQ_PHOTO_CID, 
            new DataHandler(new ByteArrayDataSource(MtomTestHelper.REQ_PHOTO_DATA, "application/octet-stream")));

        exchange.getIn().addAttachment(MtomTestHelper.REQ_IMAGE_CID, 
            new DataHandler(new ByteArrayDataSource(MtomTestHelper.requestJpeg, "image/jpeg")));

    }
    
});

// process response 

CxfPayload<SoapHeader> out = exchange.getOut().getBody(CxfPayload.class);
Assert.assertEquals(1, out.getBody().size());

Map<String, String> ns = new HashMap<String, String>();
ns.put("ns", MtomTestHelper.SERVICE_TYPES_NS);
ns.put("xop", MtomTestHelper.XOP_NS);

XPathUtils xu = new XPathUtils(ns);
Element oute = new XmlConverter().toDOMElement(out.getBody().get(0));
Element ele = (Element)xu.getValue("//ns:DetailResponse/ns:photo/xop:Include", oute,
                                   XPathConstants.NODE);
String photoId = ele.getAttribute("href").substring(4); // skip "cid:"

ele = (Element)xu.getValue("//ns:DetailResponse/ns:image/xop:Include", oute,
                                   XPathConstants.NODE);
String imageId = ele.getAttribute("href").substring(4); // skip "cid:"

DataHandler dr = exchange.getOut().getAttachment(photoId);
Assert.assertEquals("application/octet-stream", dr.getContentType());
MtomTestHelper.assertEquals(MtomTestHelper.RESP_PHOTO_DATA, IOUtils.readBytesFromStream(dr.getInputStream()));
   
dr = exchange.getOut().getAttachment(imageId);
Assert.assertEquals("image/jpeg", dr.getContentType());

BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(dr.getInputStream());
Assert.assertEquals(560, image.getWidth());
Assert.assertEquals(300, image.getHeight());

You can also consume a Camel message received from a CXF endpoint in Payload mode.

public static class MyProcessor implements Processor {

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        CxfPayload<SoapHeader> in = exchange.getIn().getBody(CxfPayload.class);
        
        // verify request
        Assert.assertEquals(1, in.getBody().size());
        
        Map<String, String> ns = new HashMap<String, String>();
        ns.put("ns", MtomTestHelper.SERVICE_TYPES_NS);
        ns.put("xop", MtomTestHelper.XOP_NS);

        XPathUtils xu = new XPathUtils(ns);
        Element body = new XmlConverter().toDOMElement(in.getBody().get(0));
        Element ele = (Element)xu.getValue("//ns:Detail/ns:photo/xop:Include", body,
                                           XPathConstants.NODE);
        String photoId = ele.getAttribute("href").substring(4); // skip "cid:"
        Assert.assertEquals(MtomTestHelper.REQ_PHOTO_CID, photoId);

        ele = (Element)xu.getValue("//ns:Detail/ns:image/xop:Include", body,
                                           XPathConstants.NODE);
        String imageId = ele.getAttribute("href").substring(4); // skip "cid:"
        Assert.assertEquals(MtomTestHelper.REQ_IMAGE_CID, imageId);

        DataHandler dr = exchange.getIn().getAttachment(photoId);
        Assert.assertEquals("application/octet-stream", dr.getContentType());
        MtomTestHelper.assertEquals(MtomTestHelper.REQ_PHOTO_DATA, IOUtils.readBytesFromStream(dr.getInputStream()));
   
        dr = exchange.getIn().getAttachment(imageId);
        Assert.assertEquals("image/jpeg", dr.getContentType());
        MtomTestHelper.assertEquals(MtomTestHelper.requestJpeg, IOUtils.readBytesFromStream(dr.getInputStream()));

        // create response
        List<Source> elements = new ArrayList<Source>();
        elements.add(new DOMSource(DOMUtils.readXml(new StringReader(MtomTestHelper.RESP_MESSAGE)).getDocumentElement()));
        CxfPayload<SoapHeader> sbody = new CxfPayload<SoapHeader>(new ArrayList<SoapHeader>(),
            elements, null);
        exchange.getOut().setBody(sbody);
        exchange.getOut().addAttachment(MtomTestHelper.RESP_PHOTO_CID, 
            new DataHandler(new ByteArrayDataSource(MtomTestHelper.RESP_PHOTO_DATA, "application/octet-stream")));

        exchange.getOut().addAttachment(MtomTestHelper.RESP_IMAGE_CID, 
            new DataHandler(new ByteArrayDataSource(MtomTestHelper.responseJpeg, "image/jpeg")));

    }
}

Message Mode: Attachments are not supported as it does not process the message at all.

Streaming Support in PAYLOAD mode

In 2.8.2, the camel-cxf component now supports streaming of incoming messages when using PAYLOAD mode. Previously, the incoming messages would have been completely DOM parsed. For large messages, this is time consuming and uses a significant amount of memory. Starting in 2.8.2, the incoming messages can remain as a javax.xml.transform.Source while being routed and, if nothing modifies the payload, can then be directly streamed out to the target destination. For common "simple proxy" use cases (example: from("cxf:...").to("cxf:...")), this can provide very significant performance increases as well as significantly lowered memory requirements.

However, there are cases where streaming may not be appropriate or desired. Due to the streaming nature, invalid incoming XML may not be caught until later in the processing chain. Also, certain actions may require the message to be DOM parsed anyway (like WS-Security or message tracing and such) in which case the advantages of the streaming is limited. At this point, there are two ways to control the streaming:

  • Endpoint property: you can add "allowStreaming=false" as an endpoint property to turn the streaming on/off.
  • Component property: the CxfComponent object also has an allowStreaming property that can set the default for endpoints created from that component.
  • Global system property: you can add a system property of "org.apache.camel.component.cxf.streaming" to "false" to turn if off. That sets the global default, but setting the endpoint property above will override this value for that endpoint.

See Also

CXF Bean Component (2.0 or later)

The cxfbean: component allows other Camel endpoints to send exchange and invoke Web service bean objects. (Currently, it only supports JAXRS, JAXWS(new to camel2.1) annotated service bean.)

CxfBeanEndpoint is a ProcessorEndpoint so it has no consumers. It works similarly to a Bean component.

URI format

cxfbean:serviceBeanRef

Where serviceBeanRef is a registry key to look up the service bean object. If serviceBeanRef references a List object, elements of the List are the service bean objects accepted by the endpoint.

Options

Name Description Example Required? Default Value
cxfBeanBinding CXF bean binding specified by the # notation. The referenced object must be an instance of org.apache.camel.component.cxf.cxfbean.CxfBeanBinding. cxfBinding=#bindingName No DefaultCxfBeanBinding
bus CXF bus reference specified by the # notation. The referenced object must be an instance of org.apache.cxf.Bus. bus=#busName No Default bus created by CXF Bus Factory
headerFilterStrategy Header filter strategy specified by the # notation. The referenced object must be an instance of org.apache.camel.spi.HeaderFilterStrategy. headerFilterStrategy=#strategyName No CxfHeaderFilterStrategy
setDefaultBus Will set the default bus when CXF endpoint create a bus by itself. true, false No false
populateFromClass
Since 2.3, the wsdlLocation annotated in the POJO is ignored (by default) unless this option is set to  false. Prior to 2.3, the wsdlLocation annotated in the POJO is always honored and it is not possible to ignore.
true, false No true
providers Since 2.5, setting the providers for the CXFRS endpoint. providers=#providerRef1,#providerRef2 No null

Headers

Name Description Type Required? Default Value In/Out Examples
CamelHttpCharacterEncoding (before 2.0-m2: CamelCxfBeanCharacterEncoding) Character encoding String No None In ISO-8859-1
CamelContentType (before 2.0-m2: CamelCxfBeanContentType) Content type String No */* In text/xml
CamelHttpBaseUri
(2.0-m3 and before: CamelCxfBeanRequestBasePath)
The value of this header will be set in the CXF message as the Message.BASE_PATH property. It is needed by CXF JAX-RS processing. Basically, it is the scheme, host and port portion of the request URI. String Yes The Endpoint URI of the source endpoint in the Camel exchange In http://localhost:9000
CamelHttpPath (before 2.0-m2: CamelCxfBeanRequestPath) Request URI's path String Yes None In consumer/123
CamelHttpMethod (before 2.0-m2: CamelCxfBeanVerb) RESTful request verb String Yes None In GET, PUT, POST, DELETE
CamelHttpResponseCode HTTP response code Integer No
None Out
200
Currently, CXF Bean component has (only) been tested with Jetty HTTP component it can understand headers from Jetty HTTP component without requiring conversion.

A Working Sample

This sample shows how to create a route that starts a Jetty HTTP server. The route sends requests to a CXF Bean and invokes a JAXRS annotated service.

First, create a route as follows. The from endpoint is a Jetty HTTP endpoint that is listening on port 9000. Notice that the matchOnUriPrefix option must be set to true because RESTful request URI will not match the endpoint's URI http:­//localhost:9000 exactly.

<route>
	<from ref="ep1" />
	<to uri="cxfbean:customerServiceBean" />
	<to uri="mock:endpointA" />
</route>

The to endpoint is a CXF Bean with bean name customerServiceBean. The name will be looked up from the registry. Next, we make sure our service bean is available in Spring registry. We create a bean definition in the Spring configuration. In this example, we create a List of service beans (of one element). We could have created just a single bean without a List.

<util:list id="customerServiceBean">
	<bean class="org.apache.camel.component.cxf.jaxrs.testbean.CustomerService" />
</util:list>

<bean class="org.apache.camel.wsdl_first.PersonImpl" id="jaxwsBean" />

That's it. Once the route is started, the web service is ready for business. A HTTP client can make a request and receive response.

CXFRS Component

When using CXF as a consumer, the CXF Bean Component allows you to factor out how message payloads are received from their processing as a RESTful or SOAP web service. This has the potential of using a multitude of transports to consume web services. The bean component's configuration is also simpler and provides the fastest method to implement web services using Camel and CXF.

The cxfrs: component provides integration with Apache CXF for connecting to JAX-RS services hosted in CXF.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
   <artifactId>camel-cxf</artifactId>
   <version>x.x.x</version>  <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

cxfrs://address?options

Where address represents the CXF endpoint's address

cxfrs:bean:rsEndpoint

Where rsEndpoint represents the spring bean's name which presents the CXFRS client or server

For either style above, you can append options to the URI as follows:

cxfrs:bean:cxfEndpoint?resourceClasses=org.apache.camel.rs.Example

Options

Name Description Example Required? default value
resourceClasses The resource classes which you want to export as REST service. Multiple classes can be separated by comma. resourceClasses =org.apache.camel.rs.Example1,org.apache.camel.rs.Exchange2 No None
resourceClass Deprecated: Use resourceClasses The resource class which you want to export as REST service. resourceClass =org.apache.camel.rs.Example1 No None
httpClientAPI new to Camel 2.1 If it is true, the CxfRsProducer will use the HttpClientAPI to invoke the service
If it is false, the CxfRsProducer will use the ProxyClientAPI to invoke the service
httpClientAPI=true No true
synchronous New in 2.5, this option will let CxfRsConsumer decide to use sync or async API to do the underlying work. The default value is false which means it will try to use async API by default. synchronous=true No false
throwExceptionOnFailure New in 2.6, this option tells the CxfRsProducer to inspect return codes and will generate an Exception if the return code is larger than 207. throwExceptionOnFailure=true No true
maxClientCacheSize New in 2.6, you can set a IN message header CamelDestinationOverrideUrl to dynamically override the target destination Web Service or REST Service defined in your routes.  The implementation caches CXF clients or ClientFactoryBean in CxfProvider and CxfRsProvider.  This option allows you to configure the maximum size of the cache.
maxClientCacheSize=5 No
10
setDefaultBus New in 2.9.0. Will set the default bus when CXF endpoint create a bus by itself setDefaultBus=true No false
bus New in 2.9.0. A default bus created by CXF Bus Factory. Use # notation to reference a bus object from the registry. The referenced object must be an instance of org.apache.cxf.Bus. bus=#busName No None

You can also configure the CXF REST endpoint through the spring configuration. Since there are lots of difference between the CXF REST client and CXF REST Server, we provide different configuration for them.
Please check out the schema file and CXF REST user guide for more information.

How to configure the REST endpoint in Camel

In camel-cxf schema file, there are two elements for the REST endpoint definition. cxf:rsServer for REST consumer, cxf:rsClient for REST producer.
You can find an camel REST service route configuration example here.

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:cxf="http://camel.apache.org/schema/cxf"
       xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://camel.apache.org/schema/cxf http://camel.apache.org/schema/cxf/camel-cxf.xsd
       http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd
       http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring/camel-spring.xsd
    ">

    <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"/>

  <!-- Defined the real JAXRS back end service  -->
  <jaxrs:server id="restService"
		        address="http://localhost:${CXFTestSupport.port2}/CxfRsRouterTest/rest" 
		        staticSubresourceResolution="true">
    <jaxrs:serviceBeans>
      <ref bean="customerService"/>
    </jaxrs:serviceBeans>       
  </jaxrs:server>
  
  <!--  bean id="jsonProvider" class="org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.provider.JSONProvider"/-->

  <bean id="customerService" class="org.apache.camel.component.cxf.jaxrs.testbean.CustomerService" />
   
  <!-- Defined the server endpoint to create the cxf-rs consumer --> 
  <cxf:rsServer id="rsServer" address="http://localhost:${CXFTestSupport.port1}/CxfRsRouterTest/route"
    serviceClass="org.apache.camel.component.cxf.jaxrs.testbean.CustomerService" 
    loggingFeatureEnabled="true" loggingSizeLimit="20"/>

  <!-- Defined the client endpoint to create the cxf-rs consumer -->
  <cxf:rsClient id="rsClient" address="http://localhost:${CXFTestSupport.port2}/CxfRsRouterTest/rest"
    serviceClass="org.apache.camel.component.cxf.jaxrs.testbean.CustomerService"
    loggingFeatureEnabled="true" />
  
  <!-- The camel route context -->
  <camelContext id="camel" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <route>
       <from uri="cxfrs://bean://rsServer"/>
       <!-- We can remove this configure as the CXFRS producer is using the HttpAPI by default -->
       <setHeader headerName="CamelCxfRsUsingHttpAPI">
         <constant>True</constant>        
       </setHeader>
       <to uri="cxfrs://bean://rsClient"/>
    </route>
  </camelContext>
  
</beans>

How to consume the REST request in Camel

CXF JAXRS front end implements the JAXRS(JSR311) API, so we can export the resources classes as a REST service. And we leverage the CXF Invoker API to turn a REST request into a normal Java object method invocation.
Unlike the camel-restlet, you don't need to specify the URI template within your restlet endpoint, CXF take care of the REST request URI to resource class method mapping according to the JSR311 specification. All you need to do in Camel is delegate this method request to a right processor or endpoint.

Here is an example of a CXFRS route...

private static final String CXF_RS_ENDPOINT_URI = "cxfrs://http://localhost:" + CXT + "/rest?resourceClasses=org.apache.camel.component.cxf.jaxrs.testbean.CustomerServiceResource";

protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        public void configure() {
            errorHandler(new NoErrorHandlerBuilder());
            from(CXF_RS_ENDPOINT_URI).process(new Processor() {

                public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
                    Message inMessage = exchange.getIn();                        
                    // Get the operation name from in message
                    String operationName = inMessage.getHeader(CxfConstants.OPERATION_NAME, String.class);
                    if ("getCustomer".equals(operationName)) {
                        String httpMethod = inMessage.getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_METHOD, String.class);
                        assertEquals("Get a wrong http method", "GET", httpMethod);
                        String path = inMessage.getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_PATH, String.class);
                        // The parameter of the invocation is stored in the body of in message
                        String id = inMessage.getBody(String.class);
                        if ("/customerservice/customers/126".equals(path)) {                            
                            Customer customer = new Customer();
                            customer.setId(Long.parseLong(id));
                            customer.setName("Willem");
                            // We just put the response Object into the out message body
                            exchange.getOut().setBody(customer);
                        } else {
                            if ("/customerservice/customers/400".equals(path)) {
                                // We return the remote client IP address this time
                                org.apache.cxf.message.Message cxfMessage = inMessage.getHeader(CxfConstants.CAMEL_CXF_MESSAGE, org.apache.cxf.message.Message.class);
                                ServletRequest request = (ServletRequest) cxfMessage.get("HTTP.REQUEST");
                                String remoteAddress = request.getRemoteAddr();
                                Response r = Response.status(200).entity("The remoteAddress is " + remoteAddress).build();
                                exchange.getOut().setBody(r);
                                return;
                            }
                            if ("/customerservice/customers/123".equals(path)) {
                                // send a customer response back
                                Response r = Response.status(200).entity("customer response back!").build();
                                exchange.getOut().setBody(r);
                                return;
                            }
                            if ("/customerservice/customers/456".equals(path)) {
                                Response r = Response.status(404).entity("Can't found the customer with uri " + path).build();
                                throw new WebApplicationException(r);
                            } else {
                                throw new RuntimeCamelException("Can't found the customer with uri " + path);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if ("updateCustomer".equals(operationName)) {
                        assertEquals("Get a wrong customer message header", "header1;header2", inMessage.getHeader("test"));
                        String httpMethod = inMessage.getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_METHOD, String.class);
                        assertEquals("Get a wrong http method", "PUT", httpMethod);
                        Customer customer = inMessage.getBody(Customer.class);
                        assertNotNull("The customer should not be null.", customer);
                        // Now you can do what you want on the customer object
                        assertEquals("Get a wrong customer name.", "Mary", customer.getName());
                        // set the response back
                        exchange.getOut().setBody(Response.ok().build());
                    }
                    
                }
                
            });
        }
    };
}

And the corresponding resource class used to configure the endpoint...

note about the resource class
This class is used to configure the JAXRS properties ONLY. The methods will NOT be executed during the routing of messages to the endpoint, the route itself is responsible for ALL processing instead.
@Path("/customerservice/")
public class CustomerServiceResource {

    public CustomerServiceResource() {
    }

    @GET
    @Path("/customers/{id}/")
    public Customer getCustomer(@PathParam("id") String id) {
        return null;
    }

    @PUT
    @Path("/customers/")
    public Response updateCustomer(Customer customer) {
        return null;
    }
}

How to invoke the REST service through camel-cxfrs producer

CXF JAXRS front end implements a proxy based client API, with this API you can invoke the remote REST service through a proxy.
camel-cxfrs producer is based on this proxy API.
So, you just need to specify the operation name in the message header and prepare the parameter in the message body, camel-cxfrs producer will generate right REST request for you.

Here is an example

Exchange exchange = template.send("direct://proxy", new Processor() {
    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        exchange.setPattern(ExchangePattern.InOut);
        Message inMessage = exchange.getIn();
        setupDestinationURL(inMessage);
        // set the operation name 
        inMessage.setHeader(CxfConstants.OPERATION_NAME, "getCustomer");
        // using the proxy client API
        inMessage.setHeader(CxfConstants.CAMEL_CXF_RS_USING_HTTP_API, Boolean.FALSE);
        // set a customer header
        inMessage.setHeader("key", "value");
        // set the parameters , if you just have one parameter 
        // camel will put this object into an Object[] itself
        inMessage.setBody("123");
    }
});
     
// get the response message 
Customer response = (Customer) exchange.getOut().getBody();

assertNotNull("The response should not be null ", response);
assertEquals("Get a wrong customer id ", String.valueOf(response.getId()), "123");
assertEquals("Get a wrong customer name", response.getName(), "John");
assertEquals("Get a wrong response code", 200, exchange.getOut().getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE));
assertEquals("Get a wrong header value", "value", exchange.getOut().getHeader("key"));

CXF JAXRS front end also provides a http centric client API, You can also invoke this API from camel-cxfrs producer. You need to specify the HTTP_PATH and Http method and let the the producer know to use the http centric client by using the URI option httpClientAPI or set the message header with CxfConstants.CAMEL_CXF_RS_USING_HTTP_API. You can turn the response object to the type class that you specify with CxfConstants.CAMEL_CXF_RS_RESPONSE_CLASS.

Exchange exchange = template.send("direct://http", new Processor() {
    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        exchange.setPattern(ExchangePattern.InOut);
        Message inMessage = exchange.getIn();
        setupDestinationURL(inMessage);
        // using the http central client API
        inMessage.setHeader(CxfConstants.CAMEL_CXF_RS_USING_HTTP_API, Boolean.TRUE);
        // set the Http method
        inMessage.setHeader(Exchange.HTTP_METHOD, "GET");
        // set the relative path
        inMessage.setHeader(Exchange.HTTP_PATH, "/customerservice/customers/123");                
        // Specify the response class , cxfrs will use InputStream as the response object type 
        inMessage.setHeader(CxfConstants.CAMEL_CXF_RS_RESPONSE_CLASS, Customer.class);
        // set a customer header
        inMessage.setHeader("key", "value");
        // since we use the Get method, so we don't need to set the message body
        inMessage.setBody(null);                
    }
});
     
// get the response message 
Customer response = (Customer) exchange.getOut().getBody();

assertNotNull("The response should not be null ", response);
assertEquals("Get a wrong customer id ", String.valueOf(response.getId()), "123");
assertEquals("Get a wrong customer name", response.getName(), "John");
assertEquals("Get a wrong response code", 200, exchange.getOut().getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE));
assertEquals("Get a wrong header value", "value", exchange.getOut().getHeader("key"));

From Camel 2.1, we also support to specify the query parameters from cxfrs URI for the CXFRS http centric client.

Exchange exchange = template.send("cxfrs://http://localhost:" + getPort2() + "/" + getClass().getSimpleName() + "/testQuery?httpClientAPI=true&q1=12&q2=13"
To support the Dynamical routing, you can override the URI's query parameters by using the CxfConstants.CAMEL_CXF_RS_QUERY_MAP header to set the parameter map for it.
Map<String, String> queryMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();                    
queryMap.put("q1", "new");
queryMap.put("q2", "world");                    
inMessage.setHeader(CxfConstants.CAMEL_CXF_RS_QUERY_MAP, queryMap);

DataSet Component

Testing of distributed and asynchronous processing is notoriously difficult. The Mock, Test and DataSet endpoints work great with the Camel Testing Framework to simplify your unit and integration testing using Enterprise Integration Patterns and Camel's large range of Components together with the powerful Bean Integration.

The DataSet component (available since 1.3.0) provides a mechanism to easily perform load & soak testing of your system. It works by allowing you to create DataSet instances both as a source of messages and as a way to assert that the data set is received.

Camel will use the throughput logger when sending dataset's.

URI format

dataset:name[?options]

Where name is used to find the DataSet instance in the Registry

Camel ships with a support implementation of org.apache.camel.component.dataset.DataSet, the org.apache.camel.component.dataset.DataSetSupport class, that can be used as a base for implementing your own DataSet. Camel also ships with a default implementation, the org.apache.camel.component.dataset.SimpleDataSet that can be used for testing.

Options

Option Default Description
produceDelay 3 Allows a delay in ms to be specified, which causes producers to pause in order to simulate slow producers. Uses a minimum of 3 ms delay unless you set this option to -1 to force no delay at all.
consumeDelay 0 Allows a delay in ms to be specified, which causes consumers to pause in order to simulate slow consumers.
preloadSize 0 Sets how many messages should be preloaded (sent) before the route completes its initialization.
initialDelay 1000 Camel 2.1: Time period in millis to wait before starting sending messages.
minRate 0 Wait until the DataSet contains at least this number of messages

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Configuring DataSet

Camel will lookup in the Registry for a bean implementing the DataSet interface. So you can register your own DataSet as:

   <bean id="myDataSet" class="com.mycompany.MyDataSet">
      <property name="size" value="100"/>
   </bean>

Example

For example, to test that a set of messages are sent to a queue and then consumed from the queue without losing any messages:

// send the dataset to a queue
from("dataset:foo").to("activemq:SomeQueue");

// now lets test that the messages are consumed correctly
from("activemq:SomeQueue").to("dataset:foo");

The above would look in the Registry to find the foo DataSet instance which is used to create the messages.

Then you create a DataSet implementation, such as using the SimpleDataSet as described below, configuring things like how big the data set is and what the messages look like etc.

Properties on SimpleDataSet

PropertyTypeDescription
defaultBody Object Specifies the default message body. For SimpleDataSet it is a constant payload; though if you want to create custom payloads per message, create your own derivation of DataSetSupport.
reportGroup long Specifies the number of messages to be received before reporting progress. Useful for showing progress of a large load test.
size long Specifies how many messages to send/consume.

See Also

Db4o Component

Available as of Camel 2.5

The db4o: component allows you to work with db4o NoSQL database. The camel-db4o library is provided by the Camel Extra project which hosts all *GPL related components for Camel.

Sending to the endpoint

Sending POJO object to the db4o endpoint adds and saves object into the database. The body of the message is assumed to be a POJO that has to be saved into the db40 database store.

Consuming from the endpoint

Consuming messages removes (or updates) POJO objects in the database. This allows you to use a Db4o datastore as a logical queue; consumers take messages from the queue and then delete them to logically remove them from the queue.

If you do not wish to delete the object when it has been processed, you can specify consumeDelete=false on the URI. This will result in the POJO being processed each poll.

URI format

db4o:className[?options]

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
consumeDelete true Option for Db4oConsumer only. Specifies whether or not the entity is deleted after it is consumed.
consumer.delay 500 Option for HibernateConsumer only. Delay in millis between each poll.
consumer.initialDelay 1000 Option for HibernateConsumer only. Millis before polling starts.
consumer.userFixedDelay false Option for HibernateConsumer only. Set to true to use fixed delay between polls, otherwise fixed rate is used. See ScheduledExecutorService in JDK for details.

See Also

Direct Component

The direct: component provides direct, synchronous invocation of any consumers when a producer sends a message exchange.
This endpoint can be used to connect existing routes in the same camel context.

Asynchronous
The SEDA component provides asynchronous invocation of any consumers when a producer sends a message exchange.
Connection to other camel contexts
The VM component provides connections between Camel contexts as long they run in the same JVM.

URI format

direct:someName[?options]

Where someName can be any string to uniquely identify the endpoint

Options

Name Default Value Description
allowMultipleConsumers true @deprecated If set to false, then when a second consumer is started on the endpoint, an IllegalStateException is thrown. Will be removed in Camel 2.1: Direct endpoint does not support multiple consumers.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Samples

In the route below we use the direct component to link the two routes together:

from("activemq:queue:order.in")
    .to("bean:orderServer?method=validate")
    .to("direct:processOrder");

from("direct:processOrder")
    .to("bean:orderService?method=process")
    .to("activemq:queue:order.out");

And the sample using spring DSL:

   <route>
     <from uri="activemq:queue:order.in"/>
     <to uri="bean:orderService?method=validate"/>
     <to uri="direct:processOrder"/>
  </route>

  <route>
     <from uri="direct:processOrder"/>
     <to uri="bean:orderService?method=process"/>
     <to uri="activemq:queue:order.out"/>
  </route>    

See also samples from the SEDA component, how they can be used together.

See Also

DNS

Available as of Camel 2.7

This is an additional component for Camel to run DNS queries, using DNSJava. The component is a thin layer on top of DNSJava.
The component offers the following operations:

  • ip, to resolve a domain by its ip
  • lookup, to lookup information about the domain
  • dig, to run DNS queries
Requires SUN JVM
The DNSJava library requires running on the SUN JVM.
If you use Apache ServiceMix or Apache Karaf, you'll need to adjust the etc/jre.properties file, to add sun.net.spi.nameservice to the list of Java platform packages exported. The server will need restarting before this change takes effect.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-dns</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

The URI scheme for a DNS component is as follows

dns://operation

This component only supports producers.

Options

None.

Headers

Header Type Operations Description
dns.domain String ip The domain name. Mandatory.
dns.name String lookup The name to lookup. Mandatory.
dns.type
lookup, dig The type of the lookup. Should match the values of org.xbill.dns.Type. Optional.
dns.class
lookup, dig he DNS class of the lookup. Should match the values of org.xbill.dns.DClass. Optional.
dns.query String dig The query itself. Mandatory.
dns.server String dig The server in particular for the query. If none is given, the default one specified by the OS will be used. Optional.

Examples

IP lookup

        <route id="IPCheck">
            <from uri="direct:start"/>
            <to uri="dns:ip"/>
        </route>

This looks up a domain's IP. For example, www.example.com resolves to 192.0.32.10.
The IP address to lookup must be provided in the header with key "dns.domain".

DNS lookup

        <route id="IPCheck">
            <from uri="direct:start"/>
            <to uri="dns:lookup"/>
        </route>

This returns a set of DNS records associated with a domain.
The name to lookup must be provided in the header with key "dns.name".

DNS Dig

Dig is a Unix command-line utility to run DNS queries.

        <route id="IPCheck">
            <from uri="direct:start"/>
            <to uri="dns:dig"/>
        </route>

The query must be provided in the header with key "dns.query".

See Also

EJB Component

Available as of Camel 2.4

The ejb: component binds EJBs to Camel message exchanges.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-ejb</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

ejb:ejbName[?options]

Where ejbName can be any string which is used to look up the EJB in the Application Server JNDI Registry

Options

Name Type Default Description
method String null The method name that bean will be invoked. If not provided, Camel will try to pick the method itself. In case of ambiguity an exception is thrown. See Bean Binding for more details.
multiParameterArray boolean false How to treat the parameters which are passed from the message body; if it is true, the In message body should be an array of parameters.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

The EJB component extends the Bean component in which most of the details from the Bean component applies to this component as well.

Bean Binding

How bean methods to be invoked are chosen (if they are not specified explicitly through the method parameter) and how parameter values are constructed from the Message are all defined by the Bean Binding mechanism which is used throughout all of the various Bean Integration mechanisms in Camel.

Examples

In the following examples we use the Greater EJB which is defined as follows:

GreaterLocal.java
public interface GreaterLocal {

    String hello(String name);

    String bye(String name);

}

And the implementation

GreaterImpl.java
@Stateless
public class GreaterImpl implements GreaterLocal {

    public String hello(String name) {
        return "Hello " + name;
    }

    public String bye(String name) {
        return "Bye " + name;
    }

}

Using Java DSL

In this example we want to invoke the hello method on the EJB. Since this example is based on an unit test using Apache OpenEJB we have to set a JndiContext on the EJB component with the OpenEJB settings.

@Override
protected CamelContext createCamelContext() throws Exception {
    CamelContext answer = new DefaultCamelContext();

    // enlist EJB component using the JndiContext
    EjbComponent ejb = answer.getComponent("ejb", EjbComponent.class);
    ejb.setContext(createEjbContext());

    return answer;
}

private static Context createEjbContext() throws NamingException {
    // here we need to define our context factory to use OpenEJB for our testing
    Properties properties = new Properties();
    properties.setProperty(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "org.apache.openejb.client.LocalInitialContextFactory");

    return new InitialContext(properties);
}

Then we are ready to use the EJB in the Camel route:

from("direct:start")
    // invoke the greeter EJB using the local interface and invoke the hello method
    .to("ejb:GreaterImplLocal?method=hello")
    .to("mock:result");
In a real application server
In a real application server you most likely do not have to setup a JndiContext on the EJB component as it will create a default JndiContext on the same JVM as the application server, which usually allows it to access the JNDI registry and lookup the EJBs.
However if you need to access a application server on a remote JVM or the likes, you have to prepare the properties beforehand.

Using Spring XML

And this is the same example using Spring XML instead:

Again since this is based on an unit test we need to setup the EJB component:

<!-- setup Camel EJB component -->
<bean id="ejb" class="org.apache.camel.component.ejb.EjbComponent">
    <property name="properties" ref="jndiProperties"/>
</bean>

<!-- use OpenEJB context factory -->
<p:properties id="jndiProperties">
    <prop key="java.naming.factory.initial">org.apache.openejb.client.LocalInitialContextFactory</prop>
</p:properties>

Before we are ready to use EJB in the Camel routes:

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <route>
        <from uri="direct:start"/>
        <to uri="ejb:GreaterImplLocal?method=hello"/>
        <to uri="mock:result"/>
    </route>
</camelContext>

See Also

Esper

The Esper component supports the Esper Library for Event Stream Processing. The camel-esper library is provided by the Camel Extra project which hosts all *GPL related components for Camel.

URI format

esper:name[?options]

When consuming from an Esper endpoint you must specify a pattern or eql statement to query the event stream.

For example

from("esper://cheese?pattern=every event=MyEvent(bar=5)").
	to("activemq:Foo");

Options

Name Default Value Description
pattern   The Esper Pattern expression as a String to filter events
eql   The Esper EQL expression as a String to filter events

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Demo

There is a demo which shows how to work with ActiveMQ, Camel and Esper in the Camel Extra project

See Also

Event Component

The event: component provides access to the Spring ApplicationEvent objects. This allows you to publish ApplicationEvent objects to a Spring ApplicationContext or to consume them. You can then use Enterprise Integration Patterns to process them such as Message Filter.

URI format

spring-event://default

If you use Camel 1.x then you may need to remove the // to get it working with the Spring event notification

spring-event:default

See Also

File Component

The File component provides access to file systems, allowing files to be processed by any other Camel Components or messages from other components to be saved to disk.

URI format

file:directoryName[?options]

or

file://directoryName[?options]

Where directoryName represents the underlying file directory.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Only directories
Camel supports only endpoints configured with a starting directory. So the directoryName must be a directory.
If you want to consume a single file only, you can use the fileName option, e.g. by setting fileName=thefilename.
Also, the starting directory must not contain dynamic expressions with ${ } placeholders. Again use the fileName option to specify the dynamic part of the filename.
Avoid reading files currently being written by another application
Beware the JDK File IO API is a bit limited in detecting whether another application is currently writing/copying a file. And the implementation can be different depending on OS platform as well. This could lead to that Camel thinks the file is not locked by another process and start consuming it. Therefore you have to do you own investigation what suites your environment. To help with this Camel provides different readLock options and doneFileOption option that you can use. See also the section Consuming files from folders where others drop files directly.

URI Options

Common

Name Default Value Description
autoCreate true Automatically create missing directories in the file's pathname. For the file consumer, that means creating the starting directory. For the file producer, it means the directory the files should be written to.
bufferSize 128kb Write buffer sized in bytes.
fileName null Use Expression such as File Language to dynamically set the filename. For consumers, it's used as a filename filter. For producers, it's used to evaluate the filename to write. If an expression is set, it take precedence over the CamelFileName header. (Note: The header itself can also be an Expression). The expression options support both String and Expression types. If the expression is a String type, it is always evaluated using the File Language. If the expression is an Expression type, the specified Expression type is used - this allows you, for instance, to use OGNL expressions. For the consumer, you can use it to filter filenames, so you can for instance consume today's file using the File Language syntax: mydata-${date:now:yyyyMMdd}.txt.
flatten false Flatten is used to flatten the file name path to strip any leading paths, so it's just the file name. This allows you to consume recursively into sub-directories, but when you eg write the files to another directory they will be written in a single directory. Setting this to true on the producer enforces that any file name recived in CamelFileName header will be stripped for any leading paths.
charset null Camel 2.9.3: this option is used to specify the encoding of the file, and camel will set the Exchange property with Exchange.CHARSET_NAME with the value of this option. You can use this on the consumer, to specify the encodings of the files, which allow Camel to know the charset it should load the file content in case the file content is being accessed. Likewise when writing a file, you can use this option to specify which charset to write the file as well. See further below for a examples and more important details.
copyAndDeleteOnRenameFail true Camel 2.9: whether to fallback and do a copy and delete file, in case the file could not be renamed directly. This option is not available for the FTP component.

Consumer

Name Default Value Description
initialDelay 1000 Milliseconds before polling the file/directory starts.
delay 500 Milliseconds before the next poll of the file/directory.
useFixedDelay   Controls if fixed delay or fixed rate is used. See ScheduledExecutorService in JDK for details. In Camel 2.7.x or older the default value is false. From Camel 2.8 onwards the default value is true.
runLoggingLevel TRACE Camel 2.8: The consumer logs a start/complete log line when it polls. This option allows you to configure the logging level for that.
recursive false If a directory, will look for files in all the sub-directories as well.
delete false If true, the file will be deleted after it is processed
noop false If true, the file is not moved or deleted in any way. This option is good for readonly data, or for ETL type requirements. If noop=true, Camel will set idempotent=true as well, to avoid consuming the same files over and over again.
preMove null Expression (such as File Language) used to dynamically set the filename when moving it before processing. For example to move in-progress files into the order directory set this value to order.
move .camel Expression (such as File Language) used to dynamically set the filename when moving it after processing. To move files into a .done subdirectory just enter .done.
moveFailed null Expression (such as File Language) used to dynamically set a different target directory when moving files after processing (configured via move defined above) failed. For example, to move files into a .error subdirectory use: .error. Note: When moving the files to the “fail” location Camel will handle the error and will not pick up the file again.
include null Is used to include files, if filename matches the regex pattern.
exclude null Is used to exclude files, if filename matches the regex pattern.
antInclude null Camel 2.10: Ant style filter inclusion, for example antInclude=**/*.txt. Multiple inclusions may be specified in comma-delimited format. See below for more details about ant path filters.
antExclude null Camel 2.10: Ant style filter exclusion. If both antInclude and antExclude are used, antExclude takes precedence over antInclude. Multiple exclusions may be specified in comma-delimited format. See below for more details about ant path filters.
idempotent false Option to use the Idempotent Consumer EIP pattern to let Camel skip already processed files. Will by default use a memory based LRUCache that holds 1000 entries. If noop=true then idempotent will be enabled as well to avoid consuming the same files over and over again.
idempotentRepository null A pluggable repository org.apache.camel.spi.IdempotentRepository which by default use MemoryMessageIdRepository if none is specified and idempotent is true.
inProgressRepository memory A pluggable in-progress repository org.apache.camel.spi.IdempotentRepository. The in-progress repository is used to account the current in progress files being consumed. By default a memory based repository is used.
filter null Pluggable filter as a org.apache.camel.component.file.GenericFileFilter class. Will skip files if filter returns false in its accept() method. More details in section below.
sorter null Pluggable sorter as a java.util.Comparator<org.apache.camel.component.file.GenericFile> class.
sortBy null Built-in sort using the File Language. Supports nested sorts, so you can have a sort by file name and as a 2nd group sort by modified date. See sorting section below for details.
readLock markerFile Used by consumer, to only poll the files if it has exclusive read-lock on the file (i.e. the file is not in-progress or being written). Camel will wait until the file lock is granted.
This option provides the build in strategies:
markerFile Camel creates a marker file and then holds a lock on it. This option is not available for the FTP component.
changed is using file length/modification timestamp to detect whether the file is currently being copied or not. Will at least use 1 sec. to determine this, so this option cannot consume files as fast as the others, but can be more reliable as the JDK IO API cannot always determine whether a file is currently being used by another process. This option is only avail for the FTP component from Camel 2.8 onwards.
fileLock is for using java.nio.channels.FileLock. This option is not avail for the FTP component. This approach should be avoided when accessing a remote file system via a mount/share unless that file system supports distributed file locks.
rename is for using a try to rename the file as a test if we can get exclusive read-lock.
none is for no read locks at all.
readLockTimeout
Optional timeout in millis for the read-lock, if supported by the read-lock. If the read-lock could not be granted and the timeout triggered, then Camel will skip the file. At next poll Camel, will try the file again, and this time maybe the read-lock could be granted. Use a value of 0 or lower to indicate forever. In Camel 2.0 the default value is 0. In Camel 2.1 the default value is 10000. Currently fileLock, changed and rename support the timeout. For FTP the default readLockTimeout value is 20000.
readLockCheckInterval 1000 Camel 2.6: Interval in millis for the read-lock, if supported by the read lock. This interval is used for sleeping between attempts to acquire the read lock. For example when using the changed read lock, you can set a higher interval period to cater for slow writes. The default of 1 sec. may be too fast if the producer is very slow writing the file. For FTP the default readLockCheckInterval is 5000.
directoryMustExist false Camel 2.5: Similar to startingDirectoryMustExist but this applies during polling recursive sub directories.
doneFileName null Camel 2.6: If provided, Camel will only consume files if a done file exists. This option configures what file name to use. Either you can specify a fixed name. Or you can use dynamic placeholders. The done file is always expected in the same folder as the original file. See using done file and writing done file sections for examples.
exclusiveReadLockStrategy null Pluggable read-lock as a org.apache.camel.component.file.GenericFileExclusiveReadLockStrategy implementation.
maxMessagesPerPoll 0 An integer to define a maximum messages to gather per poll. By default no maximum is set. Can be used to set a limit of e.g. 1000 to avoid when starting up the server that there are thousands of files. Set a value of 0 or negative to disabled it. See more details at Batch Consumer. Notice: If this option is in use then the File and FTP components will limit before any sorting. For example if you have 100000 files and use maxMessagesPerPoll=500, then only the first 500 files will be picked up, and then sorted. You can use the eagerMaxMessagesPerPoll option and set this to false to allow to scan all files first and then sort afterwards.
eagerMaxMessagesPerPoll true Camel 2.9.3: Allows to control whether the limit from maxMessagesPerPoll is eager or not. If eager then the limit is during the scanning of files. Where as false would scan all files, and then perform sorting. Setting this option to false allows to sort all files first, and then limit the poll. Mind that this requires a higher memory usage as all file details are in memory to perform the sorting.
minDepth 0 Camel 2.8: The minimum depth to start processing when recursively processing a directory. Using minDepth=1 means the base directory. Using minDepth=2 means the first sub directory. This option is supported by FTP consumer from Camel 2.8.2, 2.9 onwards.
maxDepth Integer.MAX_VALUE Camel 2.8: The maximum depth to traverse when recursively processing a directory. This option is supported by FTP consumer from Camel 2.8.2, 2.9 onwards.
processStrategy null A pluggable org.apache.camel.component.file.GenericFileProcessStrategy allowing you to implement your own readLock option or similar. Can also be used when special conditions must be met before a file can be consumed, such as a special ready file exists. If this option is set then the readLock option does not apply.
startingDirectoryMustExist false Camel 2.5: Whether the starting directory must exist. Mind that the autoCreate option is default enabled, which means the starting directory is normally auto created if it doesn't exist. You can disable autoCreate and enable this to ensure the starting directory must exist. Will thrown an exception if the directory doesn't exist.
pollStrategy null Camel 2.0: A pluggable org.apache.camel.PollingConsumerPollStrategy allowing you to provide your custom implementation to control error handling usually occurred during the poll operation before an Exchange have been created and being routed in Camel. In other words the error occurred while the polling was gathering information, for instance access to a file network failed so Camel cannot access it to scan for files. The default implementation will log the caused exception at WARN level and ignore it.
sendEmptyMessageWhenIdle false Camel 2.9: If the polling consumer did not poll any files, you can enable this option to send an empty message (no body) instead.
consumer.bridgeErrorHandler false Camel 2.10: Allows to bridge the consumer to the Camel routing Error Handler, which mean any exceptions occurred while trying to pickup files, or the likes, will now be processed as a message and handled by the routing Error Handler. By default the consumer will use the org.apache.camel.spi.ExceptionHandler to deal with exceptions, that by default will be logged at WARN/ERROR level and ignored. See further below on this page fore more details, at section How to use the Camel error handler to deal with exceptions triggered outside the routing engine.

Default behavior for file consumer

  • By default the file is locked for the duration of the processing.
  • After the route has completed, files are moved into the .camel subdirectory, so that they appear to be deleted.
  • The File Consumer will always skip any file whose name starts with a dot, such as ., .camel, .m2 or .groovy.
  • Only files (not directories) are matched for valid filename, if options such as: include or exclude are used.

Producer

Name Default Value Description
fileExist Override What to do if a file already exists with the same name. The following values can be specified: Override, Append, Fail and Ignore. Override, which is the default, replaces the existing file. Append adds content to the existing file. Fail throws a GenericFileOperationException, indicating that there is already an existing file. Ignore silently ignores the problem and does not override the existing file, but assumes everything is okay.
tempPrefix null This option is used to write the file using a temporary name and then, after the write is complete, rename it to the real name. Can be used to identify files being written and also avoid consumers (not using exclusive read locks) reading in progress files. Is often used by FTP when uploading big files.
tempFileName null Camel 2.1: The same as tempPrefix option but offering a more fine grained control on the naming of the temporary filename as it uses the File Language.
keepLastModified false Camel 2.2: Will keep the last modified timestamp from the source file (if any). Will use the Exchange.FILE_LAST_MODIFIED header to located the timestamp. This header can contain either a java.util.Date or long with the timestamp. If the timestamp exists and the option is enabled it will set this timestamp on the written file. Note: This option only applies to the file producer. You cannot use this option with any of the ftp producers.
eagerDeleteTargetFile true Camel 2.3: Whether or not to eagerly delete any existing target file. This option only applies when you use fileExists=Override and the tempFileName option as well. You can use this to disable (set it to false) deleting the target file before the temp file is written. For example you may write big files and want the target file to exists during the temp file is being written. This ensure the target file is only deleted until the very last moment, just before the temp file is being renamed to the target filename.
doneFileName null Camel 2.6: If provided, then Camel will write a 2nd done file when the original file has been written. The done file will be empty. This option configures what file name to use. Either you can specify a fixed name. Or you can use dynamic placeholders. The done file will always be written in the same folder as the original file. See writing done file section for examples.

Default behavior for file producer

  • By default it will override any existing file, if one exist with the same name.

Move and Delete operations

Any move or delete operations is executed after (post command) the routing has completed; so during processing of the Exchange the file is still located in the inbox folder.

Lets illustrate this with an example:

    from("file://inbox?move=.done").to("bean:handleOrder");

When a file is dropped in the inbox folder, the file consumer notices this and creates a new FileExchange that is routed to the handleOrder bean. The bean then processes the File object. At this point in time the file is still located in the inbox folder. After the bean completes, and thus the route is completed, the file consumer will perform the move operation and move the file to the .done sub-folder.

The move and preMove options should be a directory name, which can be either relative or absolute. If relative, the directory is created as a sub-folder from within the folder where the file was consumed.

By default, Camel will move consumed files to the .camel sub-folder relative to the directory where the file was consumed.

If you want to delete the file after processing, the route should be:

    from("file://inobox?delete=true").to("bean:handleOrder");

We have introduced a pre move operation to move files before they are processed. This allows you to mark which files have been scanned as they are moved to this sub folder before being processed.

    from("file://inbox?preMove=inprogress").to("bean:handleOrder");

You can combine the pre move and the regular move:

    from("file://inbox?preMove=inprogress&move=.done").to("bean:handleOrder");

So in this situation, the file is in the inprogress folder when being processed and after it's processed, it's moved to the .done folder.

Fine grained control over Move and PreMove option

The move and preMove option is Expression-based, so we have the full power of the File Language to do advanced configuration of the directory and name pattern.
Camel will, in fact, internally convert the directory name you enter into a File Language expression. So when we enter move=.done Camel will convert this into: ${file:parent}/.done/${file:onlyname}. This is only done if Camel detects that you have not provided a ${ } in the option value yourself. So when you enter a ${ } Camel will not convert it and thus you have the full power.

So if we want to move the file into a backup folder with today's date as the pattern, we can do:

move=backup/${date:now:yyyyMMdd}/${file:name}

About moveFailed

The moveFailed option allows you to move files that could not be processed succesfully to another location such as a error folder of your choice. For example to move the files in an error folder with a timestamp you can use moveFailed=/error/${file:name.noext}-${date:now:yyyyMMddHHmmssSSS}.${file:ext}.

See more examples at File Language

Message Headers

The following headers are supported by this component:

File producer only

Header Description
CamelFileName Specifies the name of the file to write (relative to the endpoint directory). The name can be a String; a String with a File Language or Simple expression; or an Expression object. If it's null then Camel will auto-generate a filename based on the message unique ID.
CamelFileNameProduced The actual absolute filepath (path + name) for the output file that was written. This header is set by Camel and its purpose is providing end-users with the name of the file that was written.

File consumer only

Header Description
CamelFileName Name of the consumed file as a relative file path with offset from the starting directory configured on the endpoint.
CamelFileNameOnly Only the file name (the name with no leading paths).
CamelFileAbsolute A boolean option specifying whether the consumed file denotes an absolute path or not. Should normally be false for relative paths. Absolute paths should normally not be used but we added to the move option to allow moving files to absolute paths. But can be used elsewhere as well.
CamelFileAbsolutePath The absolute path to the file. For relative files this path holds the relative path instead.
CamelFilePath The file path. For relative files this is the starting directory + the relative filename. For absolute files this is the absolute path.
CamelFileRelativePath The relative path.
CamelFileParent The parent path.
CamelFileLength A long value containing the file size.
CamelFileLastModified A Date value containing the last modified timestamp of the file.

Batch Consumer

This component implements the Batch Consumer.

Exchange Properties, file consumer only

As the file consumer is BatchConsumer it supports batching the files it polls. By batching it means that Camel will add some properties to the Exchange so you know the number of files polled the current index in that order.

Property Description
CamelBatchSize The total number of files that was polled in this batch.
CamelBatchIndex The current index of the batch. Starts from 0.
CamelBatchComplete A boolean value indicating the last Exchange in the batch. Is only true for the last entry.

This allows you for instance to know how many files exists in this batch and for instance let the Aggregator2 aggregate this number of files.

Using charset

Available as of Camel 2.9.3
The charset option allows to configure an encoding of the files on both the consumer and producer endpoints. For example if you read utf-8 files, and want to convert the files to iso-8859-1, you can do:

from("file:inbox?charset=utf-8")
  .to("file:outbox?charset=iso-8859-1")

You can also use the convertBodyTo in the route. In the example below we have still input files in utf-8 format, but we want to convert the file content to a byte array in iso-8859-1 format. And then let a bean process the data. Before writing the content to the outbox folder using the current charset.

from("file:inbox?charset=utf-8")
  .convertBodyTo(byte[].class, "iso-8859-1")
  .to("bean:myBean")
  .to("file:outbox");

If you omit the charset on the consumer endpoint, then Camel does not know the charset of the file, and would by default use "UTF-8". However you can configure a JVM system property to override and use a different default encoding with the key org.apache.camel.default.charset.

In the example below this could be a problem if the files is not in UTF-8 encoding, which would be the default encoding for read the files.
In this example when writing the files, the content has already been converted to a byte array, and thus would write the content directly as is (without any further encodings).

from("file:inbox")
  .convertBodyTo(byte[].class, "iso-8859-1")
  .to("bean:myBean")
  .to("file:outbox");

You can also override and control the encoding dynamic when writing files, by setting a property on the exchange with the key Exchange.CHARSET_NAME. For example in the route below we set the property with a value from a message header.

from("file:inbox")
  .convertBodyTo(byte[].class, "iso-8859-1")
  .to("bean:myBean")
  .setProperty(Exchange.CHARSET_NAME, header("someCharsetHeader"))
  .to("file:outbox");

We suggest to keep things simpler, so if you pickup files with the same encoding, and want to write the files in a specific encoding, then favor to use the charset option on the endpoints.

Notice that if you have explicit configured a charset option on the endpoint, then that configuration is used, regardless of the Exchange.CHARSET_NAME property.

If you have some issues then you can enable DEBUG logging on org.apache.camel.component.file, and Camel logs when it reads/write a file using a specific charset.
For example the route below will log the following:

from("file:inbox?charset=utf-8")
  .to("file:outbox?charset=iso-8859-1")

And the logs:

DEBUG GenericFileConverter           - Read file /Users/davsclaus/workspace/camel/camel-core/target/charset/input/input.txt with charset utf-8
DEBUG FileOperations                 - Using Reader to write file: target/charset/output.txt with charset: iso-8859-1

Common gotchas with folder and filenames

When Camel is producing files (writing files) there are a few gotchas affecting how to set a filename of your choice. By default, Camel will use the message ID as the filename, and since the message ID is normally a unique generated ID, you will end up with filenames such as: ID-MACHINENAME-2443-1211718892437-1-0. If such a filename is not desired, then you must provide a filename in the CamelFileName message header. The constant, Exchange.FILE_NAME, can also be used.

The sample code below produces files using the message ID as the filename:

from("direct:report").to("file:target/reports");

To use report.txt as the filename you have to do:

from("direct:report").setHeader(Exchange.FILE_NAME, constant("report.txt")).to( "file:target/reports");

... the same as above, but with CamelFileName:

from("direct:report").setHeader("CamelFileName", constant("report.txt")).to( "file:target/reports");

And a syntax where we set the filename on the endpoint with the fileName URI option.

from("direct:report").to("file:target/reports/?fileName=report.txt");

Filename Expression

Filename can be set either using the expression option or as a string-based File Language expression in the CamelFileName header. See the File Language for syntax and samples.

Consuming files from folders where others drop files directly

Beware if you consume files from a folder where other applications write files directly. Take a look at the different readLock options to see what suits your use cases. The best approach is however to write to another folder and after the write move the file in the drop folder. However if you write files directly to the drop folder then the option changed could better detect whether a file is currently being written/copied as it uses a file changed algorithm to see whether the file size / modification changes over a period of time. The other read lock options rely on Java File API that sadly is not always very good at detecting this. You may also want to look at the doneFileName option, which uses a marker file (done) to signal when a file is done and ready to be consumed.

Using done files

Available as of Camel 2.6

See also section writing done files below.

If you want only to consume files when a done file exists, then you can use the doneFileName option on the endpoint.

from("file:bar?doneFileName=done");

Will only consume files from the bar folder, if a file name done exists in the same directory as the target files. Camel will automatically delete the done file when it's done consuming the files. From Camel 2.9.3 onwards Camel will not automatic delete the done file if noop=true is configured.

However its more common to have one done file per target file. This means there is a 1:1 correlation. To do this you must use dynamic placeholders in the doneFileName option. Currently Camel supports the following two dynamic tokens: file:name and file:name.noext which must be enclosed in ${ }. The consumer only supports the static part of the done file name as either prefix or suffix (not both).

from("file:bar?doneFileName=${file:name}.done");

In this example only files will be polled if there exists a done file with the name file name.done. For example

  • hello.txt - is the file to be consumed
  • hello.txt.done - is the associated done file

You can also use a prefix for the done file, such as:

from("file:bar?doneFileName=ready-${file:name}");
  • hello.txt - is the file to be consumed
  • ready-hello.txt - is the associated done file

Writing done files

Available as of Camel 2.6

After you have written af file you may want to write an additional done file as a kinda of marker, to indicate to others that the file is finished and has been written. To do that you can use the doneFileName option on the file producer endpoint.

.to("file:bar?doneFileName=done");

Will simply create a file named done in the same directory as the target file.

However its more common to have one done file per target file. This means there is a 1:1 correlation. To do this you must use dynamic placeholders in the doneFileName option. Currently Camel supports the following two dynamic tokens: file:name and file:name.noext which must be enclosed in ${ }.

.to("file:bar?doneFileName=done-${file:name}");

Will for example create a file named done-foo.txt if the target file was foo.txt in the same directory as the target file.

.to("file:bar?doneFileName=${file:name}.done");

Will for example create a file named foo.txt.done if the target file was foo.txt in the same directory as the target file.

.to("file:bar?doneFileName=${file:name.noext}.done");

Will for example create a file named foo.done if the target file was foo.txt in the same directory as the target file.

Samples

Read from a directory and write to another directory

from("file://inputdir/?delete=true").to("file://outputdir")

Listen on a directory and create a message for each file dropped there. Copy the contents to the outputdir and delete the file in the inputdir.

Reading recursively from a directory and writing to another

from("file://inputdir/?recursive=true&delete=true").to("file://outputdir")

Listen on a directory and create a message for each file dropped there. Copy the contents to the outputdir and delete the file in the inputdir. Will scan recursively into sub-directories. Will lay out the files in the same directory structure in the outputdir as the inputdir, including any sub-directories.

inputdir/foo.txt
inputdir/sub/bar.txt

Will result in the following output layout:

outputdir/foo.txt
outputdir/sub/bar.txt
Using flatten

If you want to store the files in the outputdir directory in the same directory, disregarding the source directory layout (e.g. to flatten out the path), you just add the flatten=true option on the file producer side:

from("file://inputdir/?recursive=true&delete=true").to("file://outputdir?flatten=true")

Will result in the following output layout:

outputdir/foo.txt
outputdir/bar.txt

Reading from a directory and the default move operation

Camel will by default move any processed file into a .camel subdirectory in the directory the file was consumed from.

from("file://inputdir/?recursive=true&delete=true").to("file://outputdir")

Affects the layout as follows:
before

inputdir/foo.txt
inputdir/sub/bar.txt

after

inputdir/.camel/foo.txt
inputdir/sub/.camel/bar.txt
outputdir/foo.txt
outputdir/sub/bar.txt

Read from a directory and process the message in java

from("file://inputdir/").process(new Processor() {
  public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
    Object body = exchange.getIn().getBody();
    // do some business logic with the input body
  }
});

The body will be a File object that points to the file that was just dropped into the inputdir directory.

Writing to files

Camel is of course also able to write files, i.e. produce files. In the sample below we receive some reports on the SEDA queue that we process before they are written to a directory.

public void testToFile() throws Exception {
    MockEndpoint mock = getMockEndpoint("mock:result");
    mock.expectedMessageCount(1);
    mock.expectedFileExists("target/test-reports/report.txt");

    template.sendBody("direct:reports", "This is a great report");

    assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();
}

protected JndiRegistry createRegistry() throws Exception {
    // bind our processor in the registry with the given id
    JndiRegistry reg = super.createRegistry();
    reg.bind("processReport", new ProcessReport());
    return reg;
}

protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        public void configure() throws Exception {
            // the reports from the seda queue is processed by our processor
            // before they are written to files in the target/reports directory
            from("direct:reports").processRef("processReport").to("file://target/test-reports", "mock:result");
        }
    };
}

private static class ProcessReport implements Processor {

    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        String body = exchange.getIn().getBody(String.class);
        // do some business logic here

        // set the output to the file
        exchange.getOut().setBody(body);

        // set the output filename using java code logic, notice that this is done by setting
        // a special header property of the out exchange
        exchange.getOut().setHeader(Exchange.FILE_NAME, "report.txt");
    }

}

Write to subdirectory using Exchange.FILE_NAME

Using a single route, it is possible to write a file to any number of subdirectories. If you have a route setup as such:

  <route>
    <from uri="bean:myBean"/>
    <to uri="file:/rootDirectory"/>
  </route> 

You can have myBean set the header Exchange.FILE_NAME to values such as:

Exchange.FILE_NAME = hello.txt => /rootDirectory/hello.txt
Exchange.FILE_NAME = foo/bye.txt => /rootDirectory/foo/bye.txt 

This allows you to have a single route to write files to multiple destinations.

Using expression for filenames

In this sample we want to move consumed files to a backup folder using today's date as a sub-folder name:

from("file://inbox?move=backup/${date:now:yyyyMMdd}/${file:name}").to("...");

See File Language for more samples.

Avoiding reading the same file more than once (idempotent consumer)

Camel supports Idempotent Consumer directly within the component so it will skip already processed files. This feature can be enabled by setting the idempotent=true option.

from("file://inbox?idempotent=true").to("...");

By default Camel uses a in memory based store for keeping track of consumed files, it uses a least recently used cache holding up to 1000 entries. You can plugin your own implementation of this store by using the idempotentRepository option using the # sign in the value to indicate it's a referring to a bean in the Registry with the specified id.

   <!-- define our store as a plain spring bean -->
   <bean id="myStore" class="com.mycompany.MyIdempotentStore"/>

  <route>
    <from uri="file://inbox?idempotent=true&amp;idempotentRepository=#myStore"/>
    <to uri="bean:processInbox"/>
  </route>

Camel will log at DEBUG level if it skips a file because it has been consumed before:

DEBUG FileConsumer is idempotent and the file has been consumed before. Will skip this file: target\idempotent\report.txt

Using a file based idempotent repository

In this section we will use the file based idempotent repository org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.FileIdempotentRepository instead of the in-memory based that is used as default.
This repository uses a 1st level cache to avoid reading the file repository. It will only use the file repository to store the content of the 1st level cache. Thereby the repository can survive server restarts. It will load the content of the file into the 1st level cache upon startup. The file structure is very simple as it stores the key in separate lines in the file. By default, the file store has a size limit of 1mb. When the file grows larger Camel will truncate the file store, rebuilding the content by flushing the 1st level cache into a fresh empty file.

We configure our repository using Spring XML creating our file idempotent repository and define our file consumer to use our repository with the idempotentRepository using # sign to indicate Registry lookup:

<!-- this is our file based idempotent store configured to use the .filestore.dat as file -->
<bean id="fileStore" class="org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.FileIdempotentRepository">
    <!-- the filename for the store -->
    <property name="fileStore" value="target/fileidempotent/.filestore.dat"/>
    <!-- the max filesize in bytes for the file. Camel will trunk and flush the cache
         if the file gets bigger -->
    <property name="maxFileStoreSize" value="512000"/>
    <!-- the number of elements in our store -->
    <property name="cacheSize" value="250"/>
</bean>

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <route>
        <from uri="file://target/fileidempotent/?idempotent=true&amp;idempotentRepository=#fileStore&amp;move=done/${file:name}"/>
        <to uri="mock:result"/>
    </route>
</camelContext>

Using a JPA based idempotent repository

In this section we will use the JPA based idempotent repository instead of the in-memory based that is used as default.

First we need a persistence-unit in META-INF/persistence.xml where we need to use the class org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.jpa.MessageProcessed as model.

<persistence-unit name="idempotentDb" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
  <class>org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.jpa.MessageProcessed</class>

  <properties>
    <property name="openjpa.ConnectionURL" value="jdbc:derby:target/idempotentTest;create=true"/>
    <property name="openjpa.ConnectionDriverName" value="org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver"/>
    <property name="openjpa.jdbc.SynchronizeMappings" value="buildSchema"/>
    <property name="openjpa.Log" value="DefaultLevel=WARN, Tool=INFO"/>
  </properties>
</persistence-unit>

Then we need to setup a Spring jpaTemplate in the spring XML file:

<!-- this is standard spring JPA configuration -->
<bean id="jpaTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTemplate">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>

<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean">
    <!-- we use idempotentDB as the persitence unit name defined in the persistence.xml file -->
    <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="idempotentDb"/>
</bean>

And finally we can create our JPA idempotent repository in the spring XML file as well:

<!-- we define our jpa based idempotent repository we want to use in the file consumer -->
<bean id="jpaStore" class="org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.jpa.JpaMessageIdRepository">
    <!-- Here we refer to the spring jpaTemplate -->
    <constructor-arg index="0" ref="jpaTemplate"/>
    <!-- This 2nd parameter is the name  (= a cateogry name).
         You can have different repositories with different names -->
    <constructor-arg index="1" value="FileConsumer"/>
</bean>

And yes then we just need to refer to the jpaStore bean in the file consumer endpoint using the idempotentRepository using the # syntax option:

  <route>
    <from uri="file://inbox?idempotent=true&amp;idempotentRepository=#jpaStore"/>
    <to uri="bean:processInbox"/>
  </route>

Filter using org.apache.camel.component.file.GenericFileFilter

Camel supports pluggable filtering strategies. You can then configure the endpoint with such a filter to skip certain files being processed.

In the sample we have built our own filter that skips files starting with skip in the filename:

public class MyFileFilter<T> implements GenericFileFilter<T> {
    public boolean accept(GenericFile<T> file) {
        // we want all directories
        if (file.isDirectory()) {
            return true;
        }
        // we dont accept any files starting with skip in the name
        return !file.getFileName().startsWith("skip");
    }
}

And then we can configure our route using the filter attribute to reference our filter (using # notation) that we have defined in the spring XML file:

   <!-- define our sorter as a plain spring bean -->
   <bean id="myFilter" class="com.mycompany.MyFileSorter"/>

  <route>
    <from uri="file://inbox?filter=#myFilter"/>
    <to uri="bean:processInbox"/>
  </route>

Filtering using ANT path matcher

New options from Camel 2.10 onwards
There are now antInclude and antExclude options to make it easy to specify ANT style include/exclude without having to define the filter. See the URI options above for more information.

The ANT path matcher is shipped out-of-the-box in the camel-spring jar. So you need to depend on camel-spring if you are using Maven.
The reasons is that we leverage Spring's AntPathMatcher to do the actual matching.

The file paths is matched with the following rules:

  • ? matches one character
  • * matches zero or more characters
  • ** matches zero or more directories in a path

The sample below demonstrates how to use it:

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <template id="camelTemplate"/>

    <!-- use myFilter as filter to allow setting ANT paths for which files to scan for -->
    <endpoint id="myFileEndpoint" uri="file://target/antpathmatcher?recursive=true&amp;filter=#myAntFilter"/>

    <route>
        <from ref="myFileEndpoint"/>
        <to uri="mock:result"/>
    </route>
</camelContext>

<!-- we use the antpath file filter to use ant paths for includes and exlucde -->
<bean id="myAntFilter" class="org.apache.camel.component.file.AntPathMatcherGenericFileFilter">
    <!-- include and file in the subfolder that has day in the name -->
    <property name="includes" value="**/subfolder/**/*day*"/>
    <!-- exclude all files with bad in name or .xml files. Use comma to seperate multiple excludes -->
    <property name="excludes" value="**/*bad*,**/*.xml"/>
</bean>

Sorting using Comparator

Camel supports pluggable sorting strategies. This strategy it to use the build in java.util.Comparator in Java. You can then configure the endpoint with such a comparator and have Camel sort the files before being processed.

In the sample we have built our own comparator that just sorts by file name:

public class MyFileSorter<T> implements Comparator<GenericFile<T>> {
    public int compare(GenericFile<T> o1, GenericFile<T> o2) {
        return o1.getFileName().compareToIgnoreCase(o2.getFileName());
    }
}

And then we can configure our route using the sorter option to reference to our sorter (mySorter) we have defined in the spring XML file:

   <!-- define our sorter as a plain spring bean -->
   <bean id="mySorter" class="com.mycompany.MyFileSorter"/>

  <route>
    <from uri="file://inbox?sorter=#mySorter"/>
    <to uri="bean:processInbox"/>
  </route>
URI options can reference beans using the # syntax
In the Spring DSL route about notice that we can refer to beans in the Registry by prefixing the id with #. So writing sorter=#mySorter, will instruct Camel to go look in the Registry for a bean with the ID, mySorter.

Sorting using sortBy

Camel supports pluggable sorting strategies. This strategy it to use the File Language to configure the sorting. The sortBy option is configured as follows:

sortBy=group 1;group 2;group 3;...

Where each group is separated with semi colon. In the simple situations you just use one group, so a simple example could be:

sortBy=file:name

This will sort by file name, you can reverse the order by prefixing reverse: to the group, so the sorting is now Z..A:

sortBy=reverse:file:name

As we have the full power of File Language we can use some of the other parameters, so if we want to sort by file size we do:

sortBy=file:length

You can configure to ignore the case, using ignoreCase: for string comparison, so if you want to use file name sorting but to ignore the case then we do:

sortBy=ignoreCase:file:name

You can combine ignore case and reverse, however reverse must be specified first:

sortBy=reverse:ignoreCase:file:name

In the sample below we want to sort by last modified file, so we do:

sortBy=file:modifed

And then we want to group by name as a 2nd option so files with same modifcation is sorted by name:

sortBy=file:modifed;file:name

Now there is an issue here, can you spot it? Well the modified timestamp of the file is too fine as it will be in milliseconds, but what if we want to sort by date only and then subgroup by name?
Well as we have the true power of File Language we can use the its date command that supports patterns. So this can be solved as:

sortBy=date:file:yyyyMMdd;file:name

Yeah, that is pretty powerful, oh by the way you can also use reverse per group, so we could reverse the file names:

sortBy=date:file:yyyyMMdd;reverse:file:name

Using GenericFileProcessStrategy

The option processStrategy can be used to use a custom GenericFileProcessStrategy that allows you to implement your own begin, commit and rollback logic.
For instance lets assume a system writes a file in a folder you should consume. But you should not start consuming the file before another ready file has been written as well.

So by implementing our own GenericFileProcessStrategy we can implement this as:

  • In the begin() method we can test whether the special ready file exists. The begin method returns a boolean to indicate if we can consume the file or not.
  • in the commit() method we can move the actual file and also delete the ready file.

Using filter

The filter option allows you to implement a custom filter in Java code by implementing the org.apache.camel.component.file.GenericFileFilter interface. This interface has an accept method that returns a boolean. Return true to include the file, and false to skip the file. From Camel 2.10 onwards, there is a isDirectory method on GenericFile whether the file is a directory. This allows you to filter unwanted directories, to avoid traversing down unwanted directories.

For example to skip any directories which starts with "skip" in the name, can be implemented as follows:

public class MyDirectoryFilter<T> implements GenericFileFilter<T> {

    public boolean accept(GenericFile<T> file) {
        // remember the name due unit testing (should not be needed in regular use-cases)
        names.add(file.getFileName());
        
        // we dont accept any files within directory starting with skip in the name
        if (file.isDirectory() && file.getFileName().startsWith("skip")) {
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

}

How to use the Camel error handler to deal with exceptions triggered outside the routing engine

The file and ftp consumers, will by default try to pickup files. Only if that is successful then a Camel Exchange can be created and passed in the Camel routing engine.
When the Exchange is processed by the routing engine, then the Camel Error Handling takes over (eg the onException / errorHandler in the routes).
However outside the scope of the routing engine, any exceptions handling is component specific. Camel offers a org.apache.camel.spi.ExceptionHandler that allows components
to use that as a pluggable hook for end users to use their own implementation. Camel offers a default LoggingExceptionHandler that will log the exception at ERROR/WARN level.
For the file and ftp components this would be the case. However if you want to bridge the ExceptionHandler so it uses the Camel Error Handling, then
you need to implement a custom ExceptionHandler that will handle the exception by creating a Camel Exchange and send it to the routing engine; then the error handling of the routing engine can get triggered.

Easier with Camel 2.10
The new option consumer.bridgeErrorHandler can be set to true, to make this even easier. See further below

Here is such an example based upon an unit test.

First we have a custom ExceptionHandler where you can see we deal with the exception by sending it to a Camel Endpoint named "direct:file-error":

MyExceptionHandler
/**
 * Custom {@link ExceptionHandler} to be used on the file consumer, to send
 * exceptions to a Camel route, to let Camel deal with the error.
 */
private static class MyExceptionHandler implements ExceptionHandler {

    private ProducerTemplate template;

    /**
     * We use a producer template to send a message to the Camel route
     */
    public void setTemplate(ProducerTemplate template) {
        this.template = template;
    }

    @Override
    public void handleException(Throwable exception) {
        handleException(exception.getMessage(), exception);
    }

    @Override
    public void handleException(String message, Throwable exception) {
        handleException(exception.getMessage(), null, exception);
    }

    @Override
    public void handleException(final String message, final Exchange originalExchange, final Throwable exception) {
        // send the message to the special direct:file-error endpoint, which will trigger exception handling
        //
        template.send("direct:file-error", new Processor() {
            @Override
            public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
                // set an exception on the message from the start so the error handling is triggered
                exchange.setException(exception);
                exchange.getIn().setBody(message);
            }
        });
    }
}

Then we have a Camel route that uses the Camel routing error handler, which is the onException where we handle any IOException being thrown.
We then send the message to the same "direct:file-error" endpoint, where we handle it by transforming it to a message, and then being sent to a Mock endpoint.
This is just for testing purpose. You can handle the exception in any custom way you want, such as using a Bean or sending an email etc.

Notice how we configure our custom MyExceptionHandler by using the consumer.exceptionHandler option to refer to #myExceptionHandler which is a id of the bean registered in the Registry. If using Spring XML or OSGi Blueprint, then that would be a <bean id="myExceptionHandler" class="com.foo.MyExceptionHandler"/>:

Camel route with routing engine error handling
@Override
protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        @Override
        public void configure() throws Exception {
            // to handle any IOException being thrown
            onException(IOException.class)
                .handled(true)
                .log("IOException occurred due: ${exception.message}")
                // as we handle the exception we can send it to direct:file-error,
                // where we could send out alerts or whatever we want
                .to("direct:file-error");

            // special route that handles file errors
            from("direct:file-error")
                .log("File error route triggered to deal with exception ${exception?.class}")
                // as this is based on unit test just transform a message and send it to a mock
                .transform().simple("Error ${exception.message}")
                .to("mock:error");

            // this is the file route that pickup files, notice how we use our custom exception handler on the consumer
            // the exclusiveReadLockStrategy is only configured because this is from an unit test, so we use that to simulate exceptions
            from("file:target/nospace?exclusiveReadLockStrategy=#myReadLockStrategy&consumer.exceptionHandler=#myExceptionHandler")
                .convertBodyTo(String.class)
                .to("mock:result");
        }
    };
}

The source code for this example can be seen here

Using consumer.bridgeErrorHandler

Available as of Camel 2.10

If you want to use the Camel Error Handler to deal with any exception occurring in the file consumer, then you can enable the consumer.bridgeErrorHandler option as shown below:

Using consumer.bridgeErrorHandler
@Override
protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        @Override
        public void configure() throws Exception {
            // to handle any IOException being thrown
            onException(IOException.class)
                .handled(true)
                .log("IOException occurred due: ${exception.message}")
                .transform().simple("Error ${exception.message}")
                .to("mock:error");

            // this is the file route that pickup files, notice how we bridge the consumer to use the Camel routing error handler
            // the exclusiveReadLockStrategy is only configured because this is from an unit test, so we use that to simulate exceptions
            from("file:target/nospace?exclusiveReadLockStrategy=#myReadLockStrategy&consumer.bridgeErrorHandler=true")
                .convertBodyTo(String.class)
                .to("mock:result");
        }
    };
}

So all you have to do is to enable this option, and the error handler in the route will take it from there.

Debug logging

This component has log level TRACE that can be helpful if you have problems.

See Also

Flatpack Component

The Flatpack component supports fixed width and delimited file parsing via the FlatPack library.
Notice: This component only supports consuming from flatpack files to Object model. You can not (yet) write from Object model to flatpack format.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-flatpack</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

flatpack:[delim|fixed]:flatPackConfig.pzmap.xml[?options]

Or for a delimited file handler with no configuration file just use

flatpack:someName[?options]

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

URI Options

Name Default Value Description
delimiter , The default character delimiter for delimited files.
textQualifier " The text qualifier for delimited files.
ignoreFirstRecord true Whether the first line is ignored for delimited files (for the column headers).
splitRows true As of Camel 1.5, the component can either process each row one by one or the entire content at once.

Examples

  • flatpack:fixed:foo.pzmap.xml creates a fixed-width endpoint using the foo.pzmap.xml file configuration.
  • flatpack:delim:bar.pzmap.xml creates a delimited endpoint using the bar.pzmap.xml file configuration.
  • flatpack:foo creates a delimited endpoint called foo with no file configuration.

Message Headers

Camel will store the following headers on the IN message:

Header Description
camelFlatpackCounter The current row index. For splitRows=false the counter is the total number of rows.

Message Body

The component delivers the data in the IN message as a org.apache.camel.component.flatpack.DataSetList object that has converters for java.util.Map or java.util.List.
Usually you want the Map if you process one row at a time (splitRows=true). Use List for the entire content (splitRows=false), where each element in the list is a Map.
Each Map contains the key for the column name and its corresponding value.

For example to get the firstname from the sample below:

  Map row = exchange.getIn().getBody(Map.class);
  String firstName = row.get("FIRSTNAME");

However, you can also always get it as a List (even for splitRows=true). The same example:

  List data = exchange.getIn().getBody(List.class);
  Map row = (Map)data.get(0);
  String firstName = row.get("FIRSTNAME");

Header and Trailer records

In Camel 1.5 onwards the header and trailer notions in Flatpack are supported. However, you must use fixed record IDs:

  • header for the header record (must be lowercase)
  • trailer for the trailer record (must be lowercase)

The example below illustrates this fact that we have a header and a trailer. You can omit one or both of them if not needed.

    <RECORD id="header" startPosition="1" endPosition="3" indicator="HBT">
        <COLUMN name="INDICATOR" length="3"/>
        <COLUMN name="DATE" length="8"/>
    </RECORD>

    <COLUMN name="FIRSTNAME" length="35" />
    <COLUMN name="LASTNAME" length="35" />
    <COLUMN name="ADDRESS" length="100" />
    <COLUMN name="CITY" length="100" />
    <COLUMN name="STATE" length="2" />
    <COLUMN name="ZIP" length="5" />

    <RECORD id="trailer" startPosition="1" endPosition="3" indicator="FBT">
        <COLUMN name="INDICATOR" length="3"/>
        <COLUMN name="STATUS" length="7"/>
    </RECORD>

Using the endpoint

A common use case is sending a file to this endpoint for further processing in a separate route. For example:

  <camelContext xmlns="http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/spring">
    <route>
      <from uri="file://someDirectory"/>
      <to uri="flatpack:foo"/>
    </route>

    <route>
      <from uri="flatpack:foo"/>
      ...
    </route>
  </camelContext>

You can also convert the payload of each message created to a Map for easy Bean Integration

Flatpack DataFormat

The Flatpack component ships with the Flatpack data format that can be used to format between fixed width or delimited text messages to a List of rows as Map.

  • marshal = from List<Map<String, Object>> to OutputStream (can be converted to String)
  • unmarshal = from java.io.InputStream (such as a File or String) to a java.util.List as an org.apache.camel.component.flatpack.DataSetList instance.
    The result of the operation will contain all the data. If you need to process each row one by one you can split the exchange, using Splitter.

Notice: The Flatpack library does currently not support header and trailers for the marshal operation.

Options

The data format has the following options:

Option Default Description
definition null The flatpack pzmap configuration file. Can be omitted in simpler situations, but its preferred to use the pzmap.
fixed false Delimited or fixed.
ignoreFirstRecord true Whether the first line is ignored for delimited files (for the column headers).
textQualifier " If the text is qualified with a char such as ".
delimiter , The delimiter char (could be ; , or similar)
parserFactory null Uses the default Flatpack parser factory.

Usage

To use the data format, simply instantiate an instance and invoke the marhsal or unmarshal operation in the route builder:

  FlatpackDataFormat fp = new FlatpackDataFormat();
  fp.setDefinition(new ClassPathResource("INVENTORY-Delimited.pzmap.xml"));
  ...
  from("file:order/in").unmarshal(df).to("seda:queue:neworder");

The sample above will read files from the order/in folder and unmarshal the input using the Flatpack configuration file INVENTORY-Delimited.pzmap.xml that configures the structure of the files. The result is a DataSetList object we store on the SEDA queue.

FlatpackDataFormat df = new FlatpackDataFormat();
df.setDefinition(new ClassPathResource("PEOPLE-FixedLength.pzmap.xml"));
df.setFixed(true);
df.setIgnoreFirstRecord(false);

from("seda:people").marshal(df).convertBodyTo(String.class).to("jms:queue:people");

In the code above we marshal the data from a Object representation as a List of rows as Maps. The rows as Map contains the column name as the key, and the the corresponding value. This structure can be created in Java code from e.g. a processor. We marshal the data according to the Flatpack format and convert the result as a String object and store it on a JMS queue.

Dependencies

To use Flatpack in your camel routes you need to add the a dependency on camel-flatpack which implements this data format.

If you use maven you could just add the following to your pom.xml, substituting the version number for the latest & greatest release (see the download page for the latest versions).

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
  <artifactId>camel-flatpack</artifactId>
  <version>1.5.0</version>
</dependency>

See Also

FreeMarker

The freemarker: component allows for processing a message using a FreeMarker template. This can be ideal when using Templating to generate responses for requests.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-freemarker</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version> <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

freemarker:templateName[?options]

Where templateName is the classpath-local URI of the template to invoke; or the complete URL of the remote template (eg: file://folder/myfile.ftl).

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Option Default Description
contentCache true Cache for the resource content when it's loaded.
Note: as of Camel 2.9 cached resource content can be cleared via JMX using the endpoint's clearContentCache operation.
encoding null Character encoding of the resource content.
templateUpdateDelay 5 Camel 2.9: Number of seconds the loaded template resource will remain in the cache.

Headers

Headers set during the FreeMarker evaluation are returned to the message and added as headers. This provides a mechanism for the FreeMarker component to return values to the Message.

An example: Set the header value of fruit in the FreeMarker template:

${request.setHeader('fruit', 'Apple')}

The header, fruit, is now accessible from the message.out.headers.

FreeMarker Context

Camel will provide exchange information in the FreeMarker context (just a Map). The Exchange is transferred as:

key value
exchange The Exchange itself.
exchange.properties The Exchange properties.
headers The headers of the In message.
camelContext The Camel Context.
request The In message.
body The In message body.
response The Out message (only for InOut message exchange pattern).

Hot reloading

The FreeMarker template resource is by default not hot reloadable for both file and classpath resources (expanded jar). If you set contentCache=false, then Camel will not cache the resource and hot reloading is thus enabled. This scenario can be used in development.

Dynamic templates

Camel provides two headers by which you can define a different resource location for a template or the template content itself. If any of these headers is set then Camel uses this over the endpoint configured resource. This allows you to provide a dynamic template at runtime.

Header Type Description Support Version
FreemarkerConstants.FREEMARKER_RESOURCE org.springframework.core.io.Resource The template resource <= 2.1
FreemarkerConstants.FREEMARKER_RESOURCE_URI String A URI for the template resource to use instead of the endpoint configured. >= 2.1
FreemarkerConstants.FREEMARKER_TEMPLATE String The template to use instead of the endpoint configured. >= 2.1

Samples

For example you could use something like:

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("freemarker:com/acme/MyResponse.ftl");

To use a FreeMarker template to formulate a response for a message for InOut message exchanges (where there is a JMSReplyTo header).

If you want to use InOnly and consume the message and send it to another destination you could use:

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("freemarker:com/acme/MyResponse.ftl").
  to("activemq:Another.Queue");

And to disable the content cache, e.g. for development usage where the .ftl template should be hot reloaded:

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("freemarker:com/acme/MyResponse.ftl?contentCache=false").
  to("activemq:Another.Queue");

And a file-based resource:

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("freemarker:file://myfolder/MyResponse.ftl?contentCache=false").
  to("activemq:Another.Queue");

In Camel 2.1 it's possible to specify what template the component should use dynamically via a header, so for example:

from("direct:in").
  setHeader(FreemarkerConstants.FREEMARKER_RESOURCE_URI).constant("path/to/my/template.ftl").
  to("freemarker:dummy");

The Email Sample

In this sample we want to use FreeMarker templating for an order confirmation email. The email template is laid out in FreeMarker as:

Dear ${headers.lastName}, ${headers.firstName}

Thanks for the order of ${headers.item}.

Regards Camel Riders Bookstore
${body}

And the java code:

private Exchange createLetter() {
    Exchange exchange = context.getEndpoint("direct:a").createExchange();

    Message msg = exchange.getIn();
    msg.setHeader("firstName", "Claus");
    msg.setHeader("lastName", "Ibsen");
    msg.setHeader("item", "Camel in Action");
    msg.setBody("PS: Next beer is on me, James");

    return exchange;
}

@Test
public void testFreemarkerLetter() throws Exception {
    MockEndpoint mock = getMockEndpoint("mock:result");
    mock.expectedMessageCount(1);
    mock.expectedBodiesReceived("Dear Ibsen, Claus\n\nThanks for the order of Camel in Action."
            + "\n\nRegards Camel Riders Bookstore\nPS: Next beer is on me, James");

    template.send("direct:a", createLetter());

    mock.assertIsSatisfied();
}

protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        public void configure() throws Exception {
            from("direct:a")
                .to("freemarker:org/apache/camel/component/freemarker/letter.ftl")
                .to("mock:result");
        }
    };
}

See Also

FTP/SFTP/FTPS Component - Camel 2.0 onwards

This component provides access to remote file systems over the FTP and SFTP protocols.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-ftp</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>
Using Camel 1.x
If you are using Camel 1.x then see this link for documentation.
This page is only for Camel 2.0 or newer.
More options
See File2 for more options as all the options from File2 is inherited.
Consuming from remote FTP server
Make sure you read the section titled Default when consuming files further below for details related to consuming files.

URI format

ftp://[username@]hostname[:port]/directoryname[?options]
sftp://[username@]hostname[:port]/directoryname[?options]
ftps://[username@]hostname[:port]/directoryname[?options]

Where directoryname represents the underlying directory. Can contain nested folders.

If no username is provided, then anonymous login is attempted using no password.
If no port number is provided, Camel will provide default values according to the protocol (ftp = 21, sftp = 22, ftps = 2222).

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

This component uses two different libraries for the actual FTP work. FTP and FTPS uses Apache Commons Net while SFTP uses JCraft JSCH.

The FTPS component is only available in Camel 2.2 or newer.
FTPS (also known as FTP Secure) is an extension to FTP that adds support for the Transport Layer Security (TLS) and the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) cryptographic protocols.

URI Options

The options below are exclusive for the FTP2 component.

More options
See File2 for more options as all the options from File2 is inherited.
Name Default Value Description
username null Specifies the username to use to log in to the remote file systen.
password null Specifies the password to use to log in to the remote file system.
binary false Specifies the file transfer mode, BINARY or ASCII. Default is ASCII (false).
disconnect false Camel 2.2: Whether or not to disconnect from remote FTP server right after use. Can be used for both consumer and producer. Disconnect will only disconnect the current connection to the FTP server. If you have a consumer which you want to stop, then you need to stop the consumer/route instead.
localWorkDirectory null When consuming, a local work directory can be used to store the remote file content directly in local files, to avoid loading the content into memory. This is beneficial, if you consume a very big remote file and thus can conserve memory. See below for more details.
passiveMode false FTP and FTPS only: Specifies whether to use passive mode connections. Default is active mode (false).
securityProtocol TLS FTPS only: Sets the underlying security protocol. The following values are defined:
TLS: Transport Layer Security
SSL: Secure Sockets Layer
disableSecureDataChannelDefaults false Camel 2.4: FTPS only: Whether or not to disable using default values for execPbsz and execProt when using secure data transfer. You can set this option to true if you want to be in absolute full control what the options execPbsz and execProt should be used.
execProt null Camel 2.4: FTPS only: Will by default use option P if secure data channel defaults hasn't been disabled. Possible values are:
C: Clear
S: Safe (SSL protocol only)
E: Confidential (SSL protocol only)
P: Private
execPbsz null Camel 2.4: FTPS only: This option specifies the buffer size of the secure data channel. If option useSecureDataChannel has been enabled and this option has not been explicit set, then value 0 is used.
isImplicit false FTPS only: Sets the security mode(implicit/explicit). Default is explicit (false).
knownHostsFile null SFTP only: Sets the known_hosts file, so that the SFTP endpoint can do host key verification.
privateKeyFile null SFTP only: Set the private key file to that the SFTP endpoint can do private key verification.
privateKeyFilePassphrase null SFTP only: Set the private key file passphrase to that the SFTP endpoint can do private key verification.
ciphers null Camel 2.8.2, 2.9: SFTP only Set a comma separated list of ciphers that will be used in order of preference. Possible cipher names are defined by JCraft JSCH. Some examples include: aes128-ctr,aes128-cbc,3des-ctr,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc. If not specified the default list from JSCH will be used.
fastExistsCheck false Camel 2.8.2, 2.9: If set this option to be true, camel-ftp will use the list file directly to check if the file exists. Since some FTP server may not support to list the file directly, if the option is false, camel-ftp will use the old way to list the directory and check if the file exists.
strictHostKeyChecking no SFTP only: Camel 2.2: Sets whether to use strict host key checking. Possible values are: no, yes and ask. ask does not make sense to use as Camel cannot answer the question for you as its meant for human intervention. Note: The default in Camel 2.1 and below was ask.
maximumReconnectAttempts 3 Specifies the maximum reconnect attempts Camel performs when it tries to connect to the remote FTP server. Use 0 to disable this behavior.
reconnectDelay 1000 Delay in millis Camel will wait before performing a reconnect attempt.
connectTimeout 10000 Camel 2.4: Is the connect timeout in millis. This corresponds to using ftpClient.connectTimeout for the FTP/FTPS. For SFTP this option is also used when attempting to connect.
soTimeout null FTP and FTPS Only: Camel 2.4: Is the SocketOptions.SO_TIMEOUT value in millis. Note SFTP will automatic use the connectTimeout as the soTimeout.
timeout 30000 FTP and FTPS Only: Camel 2.4: Is the data timeout in millis. This corresponds to using ftpClient.dataTimeout for the FTP/FTPS. For SFTP there is no data timeout.
throwExceptionOnConnectFailed false Camel 2.5: Whether or not to thrown an exception if a successful connection and login could not be establish. This allows a custom pollStrategy to deal with the exception, for example to stop the consumer or the likes.
siteCommand null FTP and FTPS Only: Camel 2.5: To execute site commands after successful login. Multiple site commands can be separated using a new line character (\n). Use help site to see which site commands your FTP server supports.
stepwise true Camel 2.6: Whether or not stepwise traversing directories should be used or not. Stepwise means that it will CD one directory at a time. See more details below. You can disable this in case you can't use this approach.
separator Auto Camel 2.6: Dictates what path separator char to use when uploading files. Auto = Use the path provided without altering it. UNIX = Use unix style path separators. Windows = Use Windows style path separators.
chmod null SFTP Producer Only: Camel 2.9: Allows you to set chmod on the stored file. For example chmod=640.
compression 0 SFTP Only: Camel 2.8.3/2.9: To use compression. Specify a level from 1 to 10. Important: You must manually add the needed JSCH zlib JAR to the classpath for compression support.
ftpClient null FTP and FTPS Only: Camel 2.1: Allows you to use a custom org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClient instance.
ftpClientConfig null FTP and FTPS Only: Camel 2.1: Allows you to use a custom org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClientConfig instance.
serverAliveInterval 0 SFTP Only: Camel 2.8 Allows you to set the serverAliveInterval of the sftp session
serverAliveCountMax 1 SFTP Only: Camel 2.8 Allows you to set the serverAliveCountMax of the sftp session
ftpClient.trustStore.file null FTPS Only: Sets the trust store file, so that the FTPS client can look up for trusted certificates.
ftpClient.trustStore.type JKS FTPS Only: Sets the trust store type.
ftpClient.trustStore.algorithm SunX509 FTPS Only: Sets the trust store algorithm.
ftpClient.trustStore.password null FTPS Only: Sets the trust store password.
ftpClient.keyStore.file null FTPS Only: Sets the key store file, so that the FTPS client can look up for the private certificate.
ftpClient.keyStore.type JKS FTPS Only: Sets the key store type.
ftpClient.keyStore.algorithm SunX509 FTPS Only: Sets the key store algorithm.
ftpClient.keyStore.password null FTPS Only: Sets the key store password.
ftpClient.keyStore.keyPassword null FTPS Only: Sets the private key password.
sslContextParameters null FTPS Only: Camel 2.9: Reference to a org.apache.camel.util.jsse.SSLContextParameters in the Registry.  This reference overrides any configured SSL related options on ftpClient as well as the securityProtocol (SSL, TLS, etc.) set on FtpsConfiguration.  See Using the JSSE Configuration Utility.
FTPS component default trust store
When using the ftpClient. properties related to SSL with the FTPS component, the trust store accept all certificates. If you only want trust selective certificates, you have to configure the trust store with the ftpClient.trustStore.xxx options or by configuring a custom ftpClient.

When using sslContextParameters, the trust store is managed by the configuration of the provided SSLContextParameters instance.

You can configure additional options on the ftpClient and ftpClientConfig from the URI directly by using the ftpClient. or ftpClientConfig. prefix.

For example to set the setDataTimeout on the FTPClient to 30 seconds you can do:

from("ftp://foo@myserver?password=secret&ftpClient.dataTimeout=30000").to("bean:foo");

You can mix and match and have use both prefixes, for example to configure date format or timezones.

from("ftp://foo@myserver?password=secret&ftpClient.dataTimeout=30000&ftpClientConfig.serverLanguageCode=fr").to("bean:foo");

You can have as many of these options as you like.

See the documentation of the Apache Commons FTP FTPClientConfig for possible options and more details.
And as well for Apache Commons FTP FTPClient.

If you do not like having many and long configuration in the url you can refer to the ftpClient or ftpClientConfig to use by letting Camel lookup in the Registry for it.

For example:

   <bean id="myConfig" class="org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClientConfig">
       <property name="lenientFutureDates" value="true"/>
       <property name="serverLanguageCode" value="fr"/>
   </bean>

And then let Camel lookup this bean when you use the # notation in the url.

from("ftp://foo@myserver?password=secret&ftpClientConfig=#myConfig").to("bean:foo");

More URI options

See File2 as all the options there also applies for this component.

Examples

ftp://someone@someftpserver.com/public/upload/images/holiday2008?password=secret&binary=true
ftp://someoneelse@someotherftpserver.co.uk:12049/reports/2008/password=secret&binary=false
ftp://publicftpserver.com/download

FTP Consumer does not support concurrency
The FTP consumer (with the same endpoint) does not support concurrency (the backing FTP client is not thread safe).
You can use multiple FTP consumers to poll from different endpoints. It is only a single endpoint that does not support concurrent consumers.

The FTP producer does not have this issue, it supports concurrency.

More information
This component is an extension of the File2 component. So there are more samples and details on the File2 component page.

Default when consuming files

The FTP consumer will by default leave the consumed files untouched on the remote FTP server. You have to configure it explicitly if you want it to delete the files or move them to another location. For example you can use delete=true to delete the files, or use move=.done to move the files into a hidden done sub directory.

The regular File consumer is different as it will by default move files to a .camel sub directory. The reason Camel does not do this by default for the FTP consumer is that it may lack permissions by default to be able to move or delete files.

limitations

The option readLock can be used to force Camel not to consume files that is currently in the progress of being written. However, this option is turned off by default, as it requires that the user has write access. See the options table at File2 for more details about read locks.
There are other solutions to avoid consuming files that are currently being written over FTP; for instance, you can write to a temporary destination and move the file after it has been written.

When moving files using move or preMove option the files are restricted to the FTP_ROOT folder. That prevents you from moving files outside the FTP area. If you want to move files to another area you can use soft links and move files into a soft linked folder.

Message Headers

The following message headers can be used to affect the behavior of the component

Header Description
CamelFileName Specifies the output file name (relative to the endpoint directory) to be used for the output message when sending to the endpoint. If this is not present and no expression either, then a generated message ID is used as the filename instead.
CamelFileNameProduced The actual absolute filepath (path + name) for the output file that was written. This header is set by Camel and its purpose is providing end-users the name of the file that was written.
CamelFileBatchIndex Current index out of total number of files being consumed in this batch.
CamelFileBatchSize Total number of files being consumed in this batch.
CamelFileHost The remote hostname.
CamelFileLocalWorkPath Path to the local work file, if local work directory is used.

About timeouts

The two set of libraries (see top) has different API for setting timeout. You can use the connectTimeout option for both of them to set a timeout in millis to establish a network connection. An individual soTimeout can also be set on the FTP/FTPS, which corresponds to using ftpClient.soTimeout. Notice SFTP will automatically use connectTimeout as its soTimeout. The timeout option only applies for FTP/FTSP as the data timeout, which corresponds to the ftpClient.dataTimeout value. All timeout values are in millis.

Using Local Work Directory

Camel supports consuming from remote FTP servers and downloading the files directly into a local work directory. This avoids reading the entire remote file content into memory as it is streamed directly into the local file using FileOutputStream.

Camel will store to a local file with the same name as the remote file, though with .inprogress as extension while the file is being downloaded. Afterwards, the file is renamed to remove the .inprogress suffix. And finally, when the Exchange is complete the local file is deleted.

So if you want to download files from a remote FTP server and store it as files then you need to route to a file endpoint such as:

from("ftp://someone@someserver.com?password=secret&localWorkDirectory=/tmp").to("file://inbox");
Optimization by renaming work file
The route above is ultra efficient as it avoids reading the entire file content into memory. It will download the remote file directly to a local file stream. The java.io.File handle is then used as the Exchange body. The file producer leverages this fact and can work directly on the work file java.io.File handle and perform a java.io.File.rename to the target filename. As Camel knows it's a local work file, it can optimize and use a rename instead of a file copy, as the work file is meant to be deleted anyway.

Stepwise changing directories

Camel FTP can operate in two modes in terms of traversing directories when consuming files (eg downloading) or producing files (eg uploading)

  • stepwise
  • not stepwise

You may want to pick either one depending on your situation and security issues. Some Camel end users can only download files if they use stepwise, while others can only download if they do not. At least you have the choice to pick (from Camel 2.6 onwards).

In Came 2.0 - 2.5 there is only one mode and it is:

  • 2.0 to 2.4 not stepwise
  • 2.5 stepwise

From Camel 2.6 onwards there is now an option stepwise you can use to control the behavior.

Note that stepwise changing of directory will in most cases only work when the user is confined to it's home directory and when the home directory is reported as "/".

The difference between the two of them is best illustrated with an example. Suppose we have the following directory structure on the remote FTP server we need to traverse and download files:

/
/one
/one/two
/one/two/sub-a
/one/two/sub-b

And that we have a file in each of sub-a (a.txt) and sub-b (b.txt) folder.

Using stepwise=true (default mode)

TYPE A
200 Type set to A
PWD
257 "/" is current directory.
CWD one
250 CWD successful. "/one" is current directory.
CWD two
250 CWD successful. "/one/two" is current directory.
SYST
215 UNIX emulated by FileZilla
PORT 127,0,0,1,17,94
200 Port command successful
LIST
150 Opening data channel for directory list.
226 Transfer OK
CWD sub-a
250 CWD successful. "/one/two/sub-a" is current directory.
PORT 127,0,0,1,17,95
200 Port command successful
LIST
150 Opening data channel for directory list.
226 Transfer OK
CDUP
200 CDUP successful. "/one/two" is current directory.
CWD sub-b
250 CWD successful. "/one/two/sub-b" is current directory.
PORT 127,0,0,1,17,96
200 Port command successful
LIST
150 Opening data channel for directory list.
226 Transfer OK
CDUP
200 CDUP successful. "/one/two" is current directory.
CWD /
250 CWD successful. "/" is current directory.
PWD
257 "/" is current directory.
CWD one
250 CWD successful. "/one" is current directory.
CWD two
250 CWD successful. "/one/two" is current directory.
PORT 127,0,0,1,17,97
200 Port command successful
RETR foo.txt
150 Opening data channel for file transfer.
226 Transfer OK
CWD /
250 CWD successful. "/" is current directory.
PWD
257 "/" is current directory.
CWD one
250 CWD successful. "/one" is current directory.
CWD two
250 CWD successful. "/one/two" is current directory.
CWD sub-a
250 CWD successful. "/one/two/sub-a" is current directory.
PORT 127,0,0,1,17,98
200 Port command successful
RETR a.txt
150 Opening data channel for file transfer.
226 Transfer OK
CWD /
250 CWD successful. "/" is current directory.
PWD
257 "/" is current directory.
CWD one
250 CWD successful. "/one" is current directory.
CWD two
250 CWD successful. "/one/two" is current directory.
CWD sub-b
250 CWD successful. "/one/two/sub-b" is current directory.
PORT 127,0,0,1,17,99
200 Port command successful
RETR b.txt
150 Opening data channel for file transfer.
226 Transfer OK
CWD /
250 CWD successful. "/" is current directory.
QUIT
221 Goodbye
disconnected.

As you can see when stepwise is enabled, it will traverse the directory structure using CD xxx.

Using stepwise=false

230 Logged on
TYPE A
200 Type set to A
SYST
215 UNIX emulated by FileZilla
PORT 127,0,0,1,4,122
200 Port command successful
LIST one/two
150 Opening data channel for directory list
226 Transfer OK
PORT 127,0,0,1,4,123
200 Port command successful
LIST one/two/sub-a
150 Opening data channel for directory list
226 Transfer OK
PORT 127,0,0,1,4,124
200 Port command successful
LIST one/two/sub-b
150 Opening data channel for directory list
226 Transfer OK
PORT 127,0,0,1,4,125
200 Port command successful
RETR one/two/foo.txt
150 Opening data channel for file transfer.
226 Transfer OK
PORT 127,0,0,1,4,126
200 Port command successful
RETR one/two/sub-a/a.txt
150 Opening data channel for file transfer.
226 Transfer OK
PORT 127,0,0,1,4,127
200 Port command successful
RETR one/two/sub-b/b.txt
150 Opening data channel for file transfer.
226 Transfer OK
QUIT
221 Goodbye
disconnected.

As you can see when not using stepwise, there are no CD operation invoked at all.

Samples

In the sample below we set up Camel to download all the reports from the FTP server once every hour (60 min) as BINARY content and store it as files on the local file system.

protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        public void configure() throws Exception {
            // we use a delay of 60 minutes (eg. once pr. hour we poll the FTP server
            long delay = 60 * 60 * 1000L;

            // from the given FTP server we poll (= download) all the files
            // from the public/reports folder as BINARY types and store this as files
            // in a local directory. Camel will use the filenames from the FTPServer

            // notice that the FTPConsumer properties must be prefixed with "consumer." in the URL
            // the delay parameter is from the FileConsumer component so we should use consumer.delay as
            // the URI parameter name. The FTP Component is an extension of the File Component.
            from("ftp://tiger:scott@localhost/public/reports?binary=true&consumer.delay=" + delay).
                    to("file://target/test-reports");
        }
    };
}

And the route using Spring DSL:

  <route>
     <from uri="ftp://scott@localhost/public/reports?password=tiger&amp;binary=true&amp;delay=60000"/>
     <to uri="file://target/test-reports"/>
  </route>

Consuming a remote FTPS server (implicit SSL) and client authentication

from("ftps://admin@localhost:2222/public/camel?password=admin&securityProtocol=SSL&isImplicit=true
      &ftpClient.keyStore.file=./src/test/resources/server.jks
      &ftpClient.keyStore.password=password&ftpClient.keyStore.keyPassword=password")
  .to("bean:foo");

Consuming a remote FTPS server (explicit TLS) and a custom trust store configuration

from("ftps://admin@localhost:2222/public/camel?password=admin&ftpClient.trustStore.file=./src/test/resources/server.jks&ftpClient.trustStore.password=password")
  .to("bean:foo");

Filter using org.apache.camel.component.file.GenericFileFilter

Camel supports pluggable filtering strategies. This strategy it to use the build in org.apache.camel.component.file.GenericFileFilter in Java. You can then configure the endpoint with such a filter to skip certain filters before being processed.

In the sample we have built our own filter that only accepts files starting with report in the filename.

public class MyFileFilter<T> implements GenericFileFilter<T> {

    public boolean accept(GenericFile<T> file) {
        // we only want report files 
        return file.getFileName().startsWith("report");
    }
}

And then we can configure our route using the filter attribute to reference our filter (using # notation) that we have defined in the spring XML file:

   <!-- define our sorter as a plain spring bean -->
   <bean id="myFilter" class="com.mycompany.MyFileFilter"/>

  <route>
    <from uri="ftp://someuser@someftpserver.com?password=secret&amp;filter=#myFilter"/>
    <to uri="bean:processInbox"/>
  </route>

Filtering using ANT path matcher

The ANT path matcher is a filter that is shipped out-of-the-box in the camel-spring jar. So you need to depend on camel-spring if you are using Maven.
The reason is that we leverage Spring's AntPathMatcher to do the actual matching.

The file paths are matched with the following rules:

  • ? matches one character
  • * matches zero or more characters
  • ** matches zero or more directories in a path

The sample below demonstrates how to use it:

<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"/>
<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <template id="camelTemplate"/>

    <!-- use myFilter as filter to allow setting ANT paths for which files to scan for -->
    <endpoint id="myFTPEndpoint" uri="ftp://admin@localhost:${SpringFileAntPathMatcherRemoteFileFilterTest.ftpPort}/antpath?password=admin&amp;recursive=true&amp;delay=10000&amp;initialDelay=2000&amp;filter=#myAntFilter"/>

    <route>
        <from ref="myFTPEndpoint"/>
        <to uri="mock:result"/>
    </route>
</camelContext>

<!-- we use the AntPathMatcherRemoteFileFilter to use ant paths for includes and exlucde -->
<bean id="myAntFilter" class="org.apache.camel.component.file.AntPathMatcherGenericFileFilter">
    <!-- include and file in the subfolder that has day in the name -->
    <property name="includes" value="**/subfolder/**/*day*"/>
    <!-- exclude all files with bad in name or .xml files. Use comma to seperate multiple excludes -->
    <property name="excludes" value="**/*bad*,**/*.xml"/>
</bean>

Debug logging

This component has log level TRACE that can be helpful if you have problems.

See Also

Camel Components for Google App Engine

Tutorials

The Camel components for Google App Engine (GAE) are part of the camel-gae project and provide connectivity to GAE's cloud computing services. They make the GAE cloud computing environment accessible to applications via Camel interfaces. Following this pattern for other cloud computing environments could make it easier to port Camel applications from one cloud computing provider to another. The following table lists the cloud computing services provided by Google and the supporting Camel components. The documentation of each component can be found by following the link in the Camel Component column.

GAE serviceCamel componentComponent description
URL fetch serviceghttpProvides connectivity to the GAE URL fetch service but can also be used to receive messages from servlets.
Task queueing servicegtaskSupports asynchronous message processing on GAE by using the task queueing service as message queue.
Mail servicegmailSupports sending of emails via the GAE mail service. Receiving mails is not supported yet but will be added later.
Memcache service Not supported yet.
XMPP service Not supported yet.
Images service Not supported yet.
Datastore service Not supported yet.
Accounts servicegauth
glogin
These components interact with the Google Accounts API for authentication and authorization. Google Accounts is not specific to Google App Engine but is often used by GAE applications for implementing security. The gauth component is used by web applications to implement a Google-specific OAuth consumer. This component can also be used to OAuth-enable non-GAE web applications. The glogin component is used by Java clients (outside GAE) for programmatic login to GAE applications. For instructions how to protect GAE applications against unauthorized access refer to the Security for Camel GAE applications page.

Camel context

Setting up a SpringCamelContext on Google App Engine differs between Camel 2.1 and higher versions. The problem is that usage of the Camel-specific Spring configuration XML schema from the http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring namespace requires JAXB and Camel 2.1 depends on a Google App Engine SDK version that doesn't support JAXB yet. This limitation has been removed since Camel 2.2.

JMX must be disabled in any case because the javax.management package isn't on the App Engine JRE whitelist.

Camel 2.1

camel-gae 2.1 comes with the following CamelContext implementations.

  • org.apache.camel.component.gae.context.GaeDefaultCamelContext (extends org.apache.camel.impl.DefaultCamelContext)
  • org.apache.camel.component.gae.context.GaeSpringCamelContext (extends org.apache.camel.spring.SpringCamelContext)

Both disable JMX before startup. The GaeSpringCamelContext additionally provides setter methods adding route builders as shown in the next example.

appctx.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
    
    <bean id="camelContext" 
        class="org.apache.camel.component.gae.context.GaeSpringCamelContext">
        <property name="routeBuilder" ref="myRouteBuilder" />
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="myRouteBuilder"
        class="org.example.MyRouteBuilder">
    </bean>
    
</beans>

Alternatively, use the routeBuilders property of the GaeSpringCamelContext for setting a list of route builders. Using this approach, a SpringCamelContext can be configured on GAE without the need for JAXB.

Camel 2.2 or higher

With Camel 2.2 or higher, applications can use the http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring namespace for configuring a SpringCamelContext but still need to disable JMX. Here's an example.

appctx.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:camel="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring
http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring/camel-spring.xsd">
    
    <camel:camelContext id="camelContext">
        <camel:jmxAgent id="agent" disabled="true" />
        <camel:routeBuilder ref="myRouteBuilder"/>
    </camel:camelContext>
    
    <bean id="myRouteBuilder"
        class="org.example.MyRouteBuilder">
    </bean>
    
</beans>

The web.xml

Running Camel on GAE requires usage of the CamelHttpTransportServlet from camel-servlet. The following example shows how to configure this servlet together with a Spring application context XML file.

web.xml
<web-app 
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
    
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>CamelServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.apache.camel.component.servlet.CamelHttpTransportServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>appctx.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>

    <!--
        Mapping used for external requests
     -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>CamelServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/camel/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
    <!--
        Mapping used for web hooks accessed by task queueing service.
     -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>CamelServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/worker/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

The location of the Spring application context XML file is given by the contextConfigLocation init parameter. The appctx.xml file must be on the classpath. The servlet mapping makes the Camel application accessible under http://<appname>.appspot.com/camel/... when deployed to Google App Engine where <appname> must be replaced by a real GAE application name. The second servlet mapping is used internally by the task queueing service for background processing via web hooks. This mapping is relevant for the gtask component and is explained there in more detail.

Hazelcast Component

Available as of Camel 2.7

The hazelcast: component allows you to work with the Hazelcast distributed data grid / cache. Hazelcast is a in memory data grid, entirely written in Java (single jar). It offers a great palette of different data stores like map, multi map (same key, n values), queue, list and atomic number. The main reason to use Hazelcast is its simple cluster support. If you have enabled multicast on your network you can run a cluster with hundred nodes with no extra configuration. Hazelcast can simply configured to add additional features like n copies between nodes (default is 1), cache persistence, network configuration (if needed), near cache, enviction and so on. For more information consult the Hazelcast documentation on http://www.hazelcast.com/documentation.jsp.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-hazelcast</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

hazelcast:[ map | multimap | queue | seda | set | atomicvalue | instance]:cachename[?options]
You have to use the second prefix to define which type of data store you want to use.

Sections

  1. Usage of map
  2. Usage of multimap
  3. Usage of queue
  4. Usage of list
  5. Usage of seda
  6. Usage of atomic number
  7. Usage of cluster support (instance)

Usage of Map

map cache producer - to("hazelcast:map:foo")

If you want to store a value in a map you can use the map cache producer. The map cache producer provides 5 operations (put, get, update, delete, query). For the first 4 you have to provide the operation inside the "hazelcast.operation.type" header variable. In Java DSL you can use the constants from org.apache.camel.component.hazelcast.HazelcastConstants.

Header Variables for the request message:

Name Type Description
hazelcast.operation.type String valid values are: put, delete, get, update, query
hazelcast.objectId String the object id to store / find your object inside the cache (not needed for the query operation)
Header variables have changed in Camel 2.8
Name Type Description
CamelHazelcastOperationType String valid values are: put, delete, get, update, query [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastObjectId String the object id to store / find your object inside the cache (not needed for the query operation) [Version 2.8]

You can call the samples with:

template.sendBodyAndHeader("direct:[put|get|update|delete|query]", "my-foo", HazelcastConstants.OBJECT_ID, "4711");
Sample for put:

Java DSL:

from("direct:put")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.PUT_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.MAP_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:put" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>put</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:map:foo" />
</route>
Sample for get:

Java DSL:

from("direct:get")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.GET_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.MAP_PREFIX)
.to("seda:out");

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:get" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>get</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:map:foo" />
	<to uri="seda:out" />
</route>
Sample for update:

Java DSL:

from("direct:update")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.UPDATE_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.MAP_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:update" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>update</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:map:foo" />
</route>
Sample for delete:

Java DSL:

from("direct:delete")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.DELETE_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.MAP_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:delete" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>delete</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:map:foo" />
</route>
Sample for query

Java DSL:

from("direct:query")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.QUERY_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.MAP_PREFIX)
.to("seda:out");

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:query" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>query</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:map:foo" />
	<to uri="seda:out" />
</route>

For the query operation Hazelcast offers a SQL like syntax to query your distributed map.

String q1 = "bar > 1000";
template.sendBodyAndHeader("direct:query", null, HazelcastConstants.QUERY, q1);

map cache consumer - from("hazelcast:map:foo")

Hazelcast provides event listeners on their data grid. If you want to be notified if a cache will be manipulated, you can use the map consumer. There're 4 events: put, update, delete and envict. The event type will be stored in the "hazelcast.listener.action" header variable. The map consumer provides some additional information inside these variables:

Header Variables inside the response message:

Name Type Description
hazelcast.listener.time Long time of the event in millis
hazelcast.listener.type String the map consumer sets here "cachelistener"
hazelcast.listener.action String type of event - here added, updated, envicted and removed
hazelcast.objectId String the oid of the object
hazelcast.cache.name String the name of the cache - e.g. "foo"
hazelcast.cache.type String the type of the cache - here map
Header variables have changed in Camel 2.8
Name Type Description
CamelHazelcastListenerTime Long time of the event in millis [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastListenerType String the map consumer sets here "cachelistener" [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastListenerAction String type of event - here added, updated, envicted and removed. [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastObjectId String the oid of the object [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastCacheName String the name of the cache - e.g. "foo" [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastCacheType String the type of the cache - here map [Version 2.8]

The object value will be stored within put and update actions inside the message body.

Here's a sample:

fromF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.MAP_PREFIX)
.log("object...")
.choice()
    .when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.ADDED))
         .log("...added")
         .to("mock:added")
    .when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.ENVICTED))
         .log("...envicted")
         .to("mock:envicted")
    .when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.UPDATED))
         .log("...updated")
         .to("mock:updated")
    .when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.REMOVED))
         .log("...removed")
         .to("mock:removed")
    .otherwise()
         .log("fail!");

Usage of Multi Map

multimap cache producer - to("hazelcast:multimap:foo")

A multimap is a cache where you can store n values to one key. The multimap producer provides 4 operations (put, get, removevalue, delete).

Header Variables for the request message:

Name Type Description
hazelcast.operation.type String valid values are: put, get, removevalue, delete
hazelcast.objectId String the object id to store / find your object inside the cache
Header variables have changed in Camel 2.8

Name Type Description
CamelHazelcastOperationType String valid values are: put, delete, get, update, query Available as of Camel 2.8
CamelHazelcastObjectId String the object id to store / find your object inside the cache (not needed for the query operation) [Version 2.8]

You can call the samples with:

template.sendBodyAndHeader("direct:[put|get|update|delete|query]", "my-foo", HazelcastConstants.OBJECT_ID, "4711");
Sample for put:

Java DSL:

from("direct:put")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.PUT_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.MAP_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:put" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>put</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:map:foo" />
</route>
Sample for get:

Java DSL:

from("direct:get")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.GET_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.MAP_PREFIX)
.to("seda:out");

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:get" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>get</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:map:foo" />
	<to uri="seda:out" />
</route>
Sample for update:

Java DSL:

from("direct:update")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.UPDATE_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.MAP_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:update" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>update</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:map:foo" />
</route>
Sample for delete:

Java DSL:

from("direct:delete")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.DELETE_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.MAP_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:delete" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>delete</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:map:foo" />
</route>
Sample for query

Java DSL:

from("direct:query")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.QUERY_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.MAP_PREFIX)
.to("seda:out");

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:query" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>query</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:map:foo" />
	<to uri="seda:out" />
</route>

For the query operation Hazelcast offers a SQL like syntax to query your distributed map.

String q1 = "bar > 1000";
template.sendBodyAndHeader("direct:query", null, HazelcastConstants.QUERY, q1);

map cache consumer - from("hazelcast:map:foo")

Hazelcast provides event listeners on their data grid. If you want to be notified if a cache will be manipulated, you can use the map consumer. There're 4 events: put, update, delete and envict. The event type will be stored in the "hazelcast.listener.action" header variable. The map consumer provides some additional information inside these variables:

Header Variables inside the response message:

Name Type Description
hazelcast.listener.time Long time of the event in millis
hazelcast.listener.type String the map consumer sets here "cachelistener"
hazelcast.listener.action String type of event - here added, updated, envicted and removed
hazelcast.objectId String the oid of the object
hazelcast.cache.name String the name of the cache - e.g. "foo"
hazelcast.cache.type String the type of the cache - here map
Header variables have changed in Camel 2.8
Name Type Description
CamelHazelcastListenerTime Long time of the event in millis [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastListenerType String the map consumer sets here "cachelistener" [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastListenerAction String type of event - here added, updated, envicted and removed. [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastObjectId String the oid of the object [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastCacheName String the name of the cache - e.g. "foo" [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastCacheType String the type of the cache - here map [Version 2.8]

The object value will be stored within put and update actions inside the message body.

Here's a sample:

fromF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.MAP_PREFIX)
.log("object...")
.choice()
    .when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.ADDED))
         .log("...added")
         .to("mock:added")
    .when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.ENVICTED))
         .log("...envicted")
         .to("mock:envicted")
    .when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.UPDATED))
         .log("...updated")
         .to("mock:updated")
    .when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.REMOVED))
         .log("...removed")
         .to("mock:removed")
    .otherwise()
         .log("fail!");

Usage of Multi Map

multimap cache producer - to("hazelcast:multimap:foo")

A multimap is a cache where you can store n values to one key. The multimap producer provides 4 operations (put, get, removevalue, delete).

Header Variables for the request message:

Name Type Description
hazelcast.operation.type String valid values are: put, get, removevalue, delete
hazelcast.objectId String the object id to store / find your object inside the cache
Header variables have changed in Camel 2.8
Name Type Description
CamelHazelcastOperationType String valid values are: put, get, removevalue, delete [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastObjectId String the object id to store / find your object inside the cache [Version 2.8]
Sample for put:

Java DSL:

from("direct:put")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.PUT_OPERATION))
.to(String.format("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.MULTIMAP_PREFIX));

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:put" />
	<log message="put.."/>
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>put</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:multimap:foo" />
</route>
Sample for removevalue:

Java DSL:

from("direct:removevalue")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.REMOVEVALUE_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.MULTIMAP_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:removevalue" />
	<log message="removevalue..."/>
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>removevalue</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:multimap:foo" />
</route>

To remove a value you have to provide the value you want to remove inside the message body. If you have a multimap object {key: "4711" values: { "my-foo", "my-bar"}} you have to put "my-foo" inside the message body to remove the "my-foo" value.

Sample for get:

Java DSL:

from("direct:get")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.GET_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.MULTIMAP_PREFIX)
.to("seda:out");

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:get" />
	<log message="get.."/>
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>get</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:multimap:foo" />
	<to uri="seda:out" />
</route>
Sample for delete:

Java DSL:

from("direct:delete")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.DELETE_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.MULTIMAP_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:delete" />
	<log message="delete.."/>
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>delete</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:multimap:foo" />
</route>

you can call them in your test class with:

template.sendBodyAndHeader("direct:[put|get|removevalue|delete]", "my-foo", HazelcastConstants.OBJECT_ID, "4711");

multimap cache consumer - from("hazelcast:multimap:foo")

For the multimap cache this component provides the same listeners / variables as for the map cache consumer (except the update and enviction listener). The only difference is the multimap prefix inside the URI. Here is a sample:

fromF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.MULTIMAP_PREFIX)
.log("object...")
.choice()
	.when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.ADDED))
		.log("...added")
                .to("mock:added")
        //.when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.ENVICTED))
        //        .log("...envicted")
        //        .to("mock:envicted")
        .when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.REMOVED))
                .log("...removed")
                .to("mock:removed")
        .otherwise()
                .log("fail!");

Header Variables inside the response message:

Name Type Description
hazelcast.listener.time Long time of the event in millis
hazelcast.listener.type String the map consumer sets here "cachelistener"
hazelcast.listener.action String type of event - here added and removed (and soon envicted)
hazelcast.objectId String the oid of the object
hazelcast.cache.name String the name of the cache - e.g. "foo"
hazelcast.cache.type String the type of the cache - here multimap

Eviction will be added as feature, soon (this is a Hazelcast issue).

Header variables have changed in Camel 2.8
Name Type Description
CamelHazelcastListenerTime Long time of the event in millis [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastListenerType String the map consumer sets here "cachelistener" [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastListenerAction String type of event - here added and removed (and soon envicted) [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastObjectId String the oid of the object [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastCacheName String the name of the cache - e.g. "foo" [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastCacheType String the type of the cache - here multimap [Version 2.8]

Usage of Queue

Queue producer – to(“hazelcast:queue:foo”)

The queue producer provides 6 operations (add, put, poll, peek, offer, removevalue).

Sample for add:
from("direct:add")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.ADD_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.QUEUE_PREFIX);
Sample for put:
from("direct:put")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.PUT_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.QUEUE_PREFIX);
Sample for poll:
from("direct:poll")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.POLL_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.QUEUE_PREFIX);
Sample for peek:
from("direct:peek")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.PEEK_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.QUEUE_PREFIX);
Sample for offer:
from("direct:offer")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.OFFER_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.QUEUE_PREFIX);
Sample for removevalue:
from("direct:removevalue")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.REMOVEVALUE_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.QUEUE_PREFIX);

Queue consumer – from(“hazelcast:queue:foo”)

The queue consumer provides 2 operations (add, remove).

fromF("hazelcast:%smm", HazelcastConstants.QUEUE_PREFIX)
   .log("object...")
   .choice()
	.when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.ADDED))
        	.log("...added")
		.to("mock:added")
	.when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.REMOVED))
		.log("...removed")
		.to("mock:removed")
	.otherwise()
		.log("fail!");

Usage of List

List producer – to(“hazelcast:list:foo”)

The list producer provides 4 operations (add, set, get, removevalue).

Sample for add:
from("direct:add")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.ADD_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.LIST_PREFIX);
Sample for get:
from("direct:get")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.GET_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.LIST_PREFIX)
.to("seda:out");
Sample for setvalue:
from("direct:set")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.SETVALUE_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.LIST_PREFIX);
Sample for removevalue:
from("direct:removevalue")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.REMOVEVALUE_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sbar", HazelcastConstants.LIST_PREFIX);
Please note that set,get and removevalue and not yet supported by hazelcast, will be added in the future..

List consumer – from(“hazelcast:list:foo”)

The list consumer provides 2 operations (add, remove).

fromF("hazelcast:%smm", HazelcastConstants.LIST_PREFIX)
	.log("object...")
	.choice()
		.when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.ADDED))
			.log("...added")
                        .to("mock:added")
		.when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.REMOVED))
			.log("...removed")
                        .to("mock:removed")
                .otherwise()
                        .log("fail!");

Usage of SEDA

SEDA component differs from the rest components provided. It implements a work-queue in order to support asynchronous SEDA architectures, similar to the core "SEDA" component.

SEDA producer – to(“hazelcast:seda:foo”)

The SEDA producer provides no operations. You only send data to the specified queue.

Name default value Description
transferExchange false Camel 2.8.0: if set to true the whole Exchange will be transfered. If header or body contains not serializable objects, they will be skipped.

Java DSL :

from("direct:foo")
.to("hazelcast:seda:foo");

Spring DSL :

<route>
   <from uri="direct:start" />
   <to uri="hazelcast:seda:foo" />
</route>

SEDA consumer – from(“hazelcast:seda:foo”)

The SEDA consumer provides no operations. You only retrieve data from the specified queue.

Java DSL :

from("hazelcast:seda:foo")
.to("mock:result");

Spring DSL:

<route>
  <from uri="hazelcast:seda:foo" />
  <to uri="mock:result" />
</route>

Usage of Atomic Number

There is no consumer for this endpoint!

atomic number producer - to("hazelcast:atomicnumber:foo")

An atomic number is an object that simply provides a grid wide number (long). The operations for this producer are setvalue (set the number with a given value), get, increase (+1), decrease (-1) and destroy.

Header Variables for the request message:

Name Type Description
hazelcast.operation.type String valid values are: setvalue, get, increase, decrease, destroy
Header variables have changed in Camel 2.8
Name Type Description
CamelHazelcastOperationType String valid values are: setvalue, get, increase, decrease, destroy Available as of Camel version 2.8
Sample for set:

Java DSL:

from("direct:set")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.SETVALUE_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.ATOMICNUMBER_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:set" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>setvalue</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:atomicvalue:foo" />
</route>

Provide the value to set inside the message body (here the value is 10): template.sendBody("direct:set", 10);

Sample for get:

Java DSL:

from("direct:get")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.GET_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.ATOMICNUMBER_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:get" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>get</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:atomicvalue:foo" />
</route>

You can get the number with long body = template.requestBody("direct:get", null, Long.class);.

Sample for increment:

Java DSL:

from("direct:increment")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.INCREMENT_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.ATOMICNUMBER_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:increment" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>increment</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:atomicvalue:foo" />
</route>

The actual value (after increment) will be provided inside the message body.

Sample for decrement:

Java DSL:

from("direct:decrement")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.DECREMENT_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.ATOMICNUMBER_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:decrement" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>decrement</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:atomicvalue:foo" />
</route>

The actual value (after decrement) will be provided inside the message body.

Sample for destroy
There's a bug inside Hazelcast. So this feature may not work properly. Will be fixed in 1.9.3.

Java DSL:

from("direct:destroy")
.setHeader(HazelcastConstants.OPERATION, constant(HazelcastConstants.DESTROY_OPERATION))
.toF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.ATOMICNUMBER_PREFIX);

Spring DSL:

<route>
	<from uri="direct:destroy" />
        <!-- If using version 2.8 and above set headerName to "CamelHazelcastOperationType" -->
	<setHeader headerName="hazelcast.operation.type">
		<constant>destroy</constant>
	</setHeader>
	<to uri="hazelcast:atomicvalue:foo" />
</route>

cluster support

This endpoint provides no producer!

instance consumer - from("hazelcast:instance:foo")

Hazelcast makes sense in one single "server node", but it's extremly powerful in a clustered environment. The instance consumer fires if a new cache instance will join or leave the cluster.

Here's a sample:

fromF("hazelcast:%sfoo", HazelcastConstants.INSTANCE_PREFIX)
.log("instance...")
.choice()
	.when(header(HazelcastConstants.LISTENER_ACTION).isEqualTo(HazelcastConstants.ADDED))
		.log("...added")
		.to("mock:added")
	.otherwise()
		.log("...removed")
		.to("mock:removed");

Each event provides the following information inside the message header:

Header Variables inside the response message:

Name Type Description
hazelcast.listener.time Long time of the event in millis
hazelcast.listener.type String the map consumer sets here "instancelistener"
hazelcast.listener.action String type of event - here added or removed
hazelcast.instance.host String host name of the instance
hazelcast.instance.port Integer port number of the instance
Header variables have changed in Camel 2.8
Name Type Description
CamelHazelcastListenerTime Long time of the event in millis [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastListenerType String the map consumer sets here "instancelistener" [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastListenerActionn String type of event - here added or removed. [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastInstanceHost String host name of the instance [Version 2.8]
CamelHazelcastInstancePort Integer port number of the instance [Version 2.8]

HDFS Component

Available as of Camel 2.8

The hdfs component enables you to read and write messages from/to an HDFS file system. HDFS is the distributed file system at the heart of Hadoop.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-hadoop</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

hdfs://hostname[:port][/path][?options]

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...
The path is treated in the following way:

  1. as a consumer, if it's a file, it just reads the file, otherwise if it represents a directory it scans all the file under the path satisfying the configured pattern. All the files under that directory must be of the same type.
  2. as a producer, if at least one split strategy is defined, the path is considered a directory and under that directory the producer creates a different file per split named seg0, seg1, seg2, etc.

Options

Name Default Value Description
overwrite true The file can be overwritten
bufferSize 4096 The buffer size used by HDFS
replication 3 The HDFS replication factor
blockSize 67108864 The size of the HDFS blocks
fileType NORMAL_FILE It can be SEQUENCE_FILE, MAP_FILE, ARRAY_FILE, or BLOOMMAP_FILE, see Hadoop
fileSystemType HDFS It can be LOCAL for local filesystem
keyType NULL The type for the key in case of sequence or map files. See below.
valueType TEXT The type for the key in case of sequence or map files. See below.
splitStrategy   A string describing the strategy on how to split the file based on different criteria. See below.
openedSuffix opened When a file is opened for reading/writing the file is renamed with this suffix to avoid to read it during the writing phase.
readSuffix read Once the file has been read is renamed with this suffix to avoid to read it again.
initialDelay 0 For the consumer, how much to wait (milliseconds) before to start scanning the directory.
delay 0 The interval (milliseconds) between the directory scans.
pattern * The pattern used for scanning the directory
chunkSize 4096 When reading a normal file, this is split into chunks producing a message per chunk.

KeyType and ValueType

  • NULL it means that the key or the value is absent
  • BYTE for writing a byte, the java Byte class is mapped into a BYTE
  • BYTES for writing a sequence of bytes. It maps the java ByteBuffer class
  • INT for writing java integer
  • FLOAT for writing java float
  • LONG for writing java long
  • DOUBLE for writing java double
  • TEXT for writing java strings

BYTES is also used with everything else, for example, in Camel a file is sent around as an InputStream, int this case is written in a sequence file or a map file as a sequence of bytes.

Splitting Strategy

In the current version of Hadoop opening a file in append mode is disabled since it's not enough reliable. So, for the moment, it's only possible to create new files. The Camel HDFS endpoint tries to solve this problem in this way:

  • If the split strategy option has been defined, the actual file name will become a directory name and a <file name>/seg0 will be initially created.
  • Every time a splitting condition is met a new file is created with name <original file name>/segN where N is 1, 2, 3, etc.
    The splitStrategy option is defined as a string with the following syntax:
    splitStrategy=<ST>:<value>,<ST>:<value>,*

where <ST> can be:

  • BYTES a new file is created, and the old is closed when the number of written bytes is more than <value>
  • MESSAGES a new file is created, and the old is closed when the number of written messages is more than <value>
  • IDLE a new file is created, and the old is closed when no writing happened in the last <value> milliseconds

for example:

hdfs://localhost/tmp/simple-file?splitStrategy=IDLE:1000,BYTES:5

it means: a new file is created either when it has been idle for more than 1 second or if more than 5 bytes have been written. So, running hadoop fs -ls /tmp/simple-file you'll find the following files seg0, seg1, seg2, etc

Using this component in OSGi

This component is fully functional in an OSGi environment however, it requires some actions from the user. Hadoop uses the thread context class loader in order to load resources. Usually, the thread context classloader will be the bundle class loader of the bundle that contains the routes. So, the default configuration files need to be visible from the bundle class loader. A typical way to deal with it is to keep a copy of core-default.xml in your bundle root. That file can be found in the hadoop-common.jar.

Hibernate Component

The hibernate: component allows you to work with databases using Hibernate as the object relational mapping technology to map POJOs to database tables. The camel-hibernate library is provided by the Camel Extra project which hosts all *GPL related components for Camel.

Note that Camel also ships with a JPA component. The JPA component abstracts from the underlying persistence provider and allows you to work with Hibernate, OpenJPA or EclipseLink.

Sending to the endpoint

Sending POJOs to the hibernate endpoint inserts entities into the database. The body of the message is assumed to be an entity bean that you have mapped to a relational table using the hibernate .hbm.xml files.

If the body does not contain an entity bean, use a Message Translator in front of the endpoint to perform the necessary conversion first.

Consuming from the endpoint

Consuming messages removes (or updates) entities in the database. This allows you to use a database table as a logical queue; consumers take messages from the queue and then delete/update them to logically remove them from the queue.

If you do not wish to delete the entity when it has been processed, you can specify consumeDelete=false on the URI. This will result in the entity being processed each poll.

If you would rather perform some update on the entity to mark it as processed (such as to exclude it from a future query) then you can annotate a method with @Consumed which will be invoked on your entity bean when the entity bean is consumed.

URI format

hibernate:[entityClassName][?options]

For sending to the endpoint, the entityClassName is optional. If specified it is used to help use the [Type Conversion] to ensure the body is of the correct type.

For consuming the entityClassName is mandatory.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
entityType entityClassName Is the provided entityClassName from the URI.
consumeDelete true Option for HibernateConsumer only. Specifies whether or not the entity is deleted after it is consumed.
consumeLockEntity true Option for HibernateConsumer only. Specifies whether or not to use exclusive locking of each entity while processing the results from the pooling.
flushOnSend true Option for HibernateProducer only. Flushes the EntityManager after the entity bean has been persisted.
maximumResults -1 Option for HibernateConsumer only. Set the maximum number of results to retrieve on the Query.
consumer.delay 500 Option for HibernateConsumer only. Delay in millis between each poll.
consumer.initialDelay 1000 Option for HibernateConsumer only. Millis before polling starts.
consumer.userFixedDelay false Option for HibernateConsumer only. Set to true to use fixed delay between polls, otherwise fixed rate is used. See ScheduledExecutorService in JDK for details.

See Also

HL7 Component

The hl7 component is used for working with the HL7 MLLP protocol and the HL7 model using the HAPI library.

This component supports the following:

  • HL7 MLLP codec for Mina
  • Agnostic data format using either plain String objects or HAPI HL7 model objects.
  • Type Converter from/to HAPI and String
  • HL7 DataFormat using HAPI library
  • Even more ease-of-use as it's integrated well with the camel-mina component.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-hl7</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

HL7 MLLP protocol

HL7 is often used with the HL7 MLLP protocol that is a text based TCP socket based protocol. This component ships with a Mina Codec that conforms to the MLLP protocol so you can easily expose a HL7 listener that accepts HL7 requests over the TCP transport.

To expose a HL7 listener service we reuse the existing camel-mina component where we just use the HL7MLLPCodec as codec.

The HL7 MLLP codec has the following options:

Name Default Value Description
startByte 0x0b The start byte spanning the HL7 payload.
endByte1 0x1c The first end byte spanning the HL7 payload.
endByte2 0x0d The 2nd end byte spanning the HL7 payload.
charset JVM Default The encoding (is a charset name) to use for the codec. If not provided, Camel will use the JVM default Charset.
convertLFtoCR true Will convert \n to \r (0x0d, 13 decimal) as HL7 usually uses \r as segment terminators. The HAPI library requires the use of \r.
validate true Whether HAPI Parser should validate or not.

Exposing a HL7 listener

In our Spring XML file, we configure an endpoint to listen for HL7 requests using TCP:

        <endpoint id="hl7listener" uri="mina:tcp://localhost:8888?sync=true&amp;codec=#hl7codec"/>

Notice we configure it to use camel-mina with TCP on the localhost on port 8888. We use sync=true to indicate that this listener is synchronous and therefore will return a HL7 response to the caller. Then we setup mina to use our HL7 codec with codec=#hl7codec. Notice that hl7codec is just a Spring bean ID, so we could have named it mygreatcodecforhl7 or whatever. The codec is also set up in the Spring XML file:

    <bean id="hl7codec" class="org.apache.camel.component.hl7.HL7MLLPCodec">
        <property name="charset" value="iso-8859-1"/>
    </bean>

Above we also configure the charset encoding to use (iso-8859-1).

The endpoint hl7listener can then be used in a route as a consumer, as this Java DSL example illustrates:

    from("hl7socket").to("patientLookupService");

This is a very simple route that will listen for HL7 and route it to a service named patientLookupService that is also a Spring bean ID we have configured in the Spring XML as:

    <bean id="patientLookupService" class="com.mycompany.healtcare.service.PatientLookupService"/>

Another powerful feature of Camel is that we can have our business logic in POJO classes that is not tied to Camel as shown here:

public class PatientLookupService {
    public Message lookupPatient(Message input) throws HL7Exception {
        QRD qrd = (QRD)input.get("QRD");
        String patientId = qrd.getWhoSubjectFilter(0).getIDNumber().getValue();

        // find patient data based on the patient id and create a HL7 model object with the response
        Message response = ... create and set response data
        return response
    }

Notice that this class uses just imports from the HAPI library and none from Camel.

HL7 Model using java.lang.String

The HL7MLLP codec uses plain String as its data format. Camel uses its Type Converter to convert to/from strings to the HAPI HL7 model objects. However, you can use plain String objects if you prefer, for instance if you wish to parse the data yourself.

See samples for such an example.

HL7 Model using HAPI

The HL7 model uses Java objects from the HAPI library. Using this library, we can encode and decode from the EDI format (ER7) that is mostly used with HL7.
With this model you can code with Java objects instead of the EDI based HL7 format that can be hard for humans to read and understand.

The ER7 sample below is a request to lookup a patient with the patient ID, 0101701234.

MSH|^~\\&|MYSENDER|MYRECEIVER|MYAPPLICATION||200612211200||QRY^A19|1234|P|2.4
QRD|200612211200|R|I|GetPatient|||1^RD|0101701234|DEM||

Using the HL7 model we can work with the data as a ca.uhn.hl7v2.model.Message.Message object.
To retrieve the patient ID for the patient in the ER7 above, you can do this in Java code:

Message msg = exchange.getIn().getBody(Message.class);
QRD qrd = (QRD)msg.get("QRD");
String patientId = qrd.getWhoSubjectFilter(0).getIDNumber().getValue();

Camel has built-in type converters, so when this operation is invoked:

Message msg = exchange.getIn().getBody(Message.class);

Camel will convert the received HL7 data from String to Message. This is powerful when combined with the HL7 listener, then you as the end-user don't have to work with byte[], String or any other simple object formats. You can just use the HAPI HL7 model objects.

HL7 DataFormat

The HL7 component ships with a HL7 data format that can be used to format between String and HL7 model objects.

  • marshal = from Message to byte stream (can be used when returning as response using the HL7 MLLP codec)
  • unmarshal = from byte stream to Message (can be used when receiving streamed data from the HL7 MLLP

To use the data format, simply instantiate an instance and invoke the marhsal or unmarshl operation in the route builder:

  DataFormat hl7 = new HL7DataFormat();
  ...
  from("direct:hl7in").marshal(hl7).to("jms:queue:hl7out");

In the sample above, the HL7 is marshalled from a HAPI Message object to a byte stream and put on a JMS queue.
The next example is the opposite:

  DataFormat hl7 = new HL7DataFormat();
  ...
  from("jms:queue:hl7out").unmarshal(hl7).to("patientLookupService");

Here we unmarshal the byte stream into a HAPI Message object that is passed to our patient lookup service.

Notice there is a shorthand syntax in Camel for well-known data formats that is commonly used.
Then you don't need to create an instance of the HL7DataFormat object:

  from("direct:hl7in").marshal().hl7().to("jms:queue:hl7out");
  from("jms:queue:hl7out").unmarshal().hl7().to("patientLookupService");

Message Headers

The unmarshal operation adds these MSH fields as headers on the Camel message:

Key MSH field Example
CamelHL7SendingApplication MSH-3 MYSERVER
CamelHL7SendingFacility MSH-4 MYSERVERAPP
CamelHL7ReceivingApplication MSH-5 MYCLIENT
CamelHL7ReceivingFacility MSH-6 MYCLIENTAPP
CamelHL7Timestamp MSH-7 20071231235900
CamelHL7Security MSH-8 null
CamelHL7MessageType MSH-9-1 ADT
CamelHL7TriggerEvent MSH-9-2 A01
CamelHL7MessageControl MSH-10 1234
CamelHL7ProcessingId MSH-11 P
CamelHL7VersionId MSH-12 2.4

All headers are String types. If a header value is missing, its value is null.

Options

The HL7 Data Format supports the following options:

Option Default Description
validate true Whether the HAPI Parser should validate.

Dependencies

To use HL7 in your Camel routes you'll need to add a dependency on camel-hl7 listed above, which implements this data format.

The HAPI library since Version 0.6 has been split into a base library and several structure libraries, one for each HL7v2 message version:

By default camel-hl7 only references the HAPI base library. Applications are responsible for including structure libraries themselves. For example, if a application works with HL7v2 message versions 2.4 and 2.5 then the following dependencies must be added:

<dependency>
    <groupId>ca.uhn.hapi</groupId>
    <artifactId>hapi-structures-v24</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>ca.uhn.hapi</groupId>
    <artifactId>hapi-structures-v25</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>
</dependency>

Alternatively, an OSGi bundle containing the base library, all structures libraries and required dependencies (on the bundle classpath) can be downloaded from the HAPI Maven repository.

<dependency>
    <groupId>ca.uhn.hapi</groupId>
    <artifactId>hapi-osgi-base</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.1</version>
</dependency>

Samples

In the following example we send a HL7 request to a HL7 listener and retrieves a response. We use plain String types in this example:

String line1 = "MSH|^~\\&|MYSENDER|MYRECEIVER|MYAPPLICATION||200612211200||QRY^A19|1234|P|2.4";
String line2 = "QRD|200612211200|R|I|GetPatient|||1^RD|0101701234|DEM||";

StringBuilder in = new StringBuilder();
in.append(line1);
in.append("\n");
in.append(line2);

String out = (String)template.requestBody("mina:tcp://127.0.0.1:8888?sync=true&codec=#hl7codec", in.toString());

In the next sample, we want to route HL7 requests from our HL7 listener to our business logic. We have our business logic in a plain POJO that we have registered in the registry as hl7service = for instance using Spring and letting the bean id = hl7service.

Our business logic is a plain POJO only using the HAPI library so we have these operations defined:

public class MyHL7BusinessLogic {

    // This is a plain POJO that has NO imports whatsoever on Apache Camel.
    // its a plain POJO only importing the HAPI library so we can much easier work with the HL7 format.

    public Message handleA19(Message msg) throws Exception {
        // here you can have your business logic for A19 messages
        assertTrue(msg instanceof QRY_A19);
        // just return the same dummy response
        return createADR19Message();
    }

    public Message handleA01(Message msg) throws Exception {
        // here you can have your business logic for A01 messages
        assertTrue(msg instanceof ADT_A01);
        // just return the same dummy response
        return createADT01Message();
    }
}

Then we set up the Camel routes using the RouteBuilder as follows:

DataFormat hl7 = new HL7DataFormat();
// we setup or HL7 listener on port 8888 (using the hl7codec) and in sync mode so we can return a response
from("mina:tcp://127.0.0.1:8888?sync=true&codec=#hl7codec")
    // we use the HL7 data format to unmarshal from HL7 stream to the HAPI Message model
    // this ensures that the camel message has been enriched with hl7 specific headers to
    // make the routing much easier (see below)
    .unmarshal(hl7)
    // using choice as the content base router
    .choice()
        // where we choose that A19 queries invoke the handleA19 method on our hl7service bean
        .when(header("CamelHL7TriggerEvent").isEqualTo("A19"))
            .beanRef("hl7service", "handleA19")
            .to("mock:a19")
        // and A01 should invoke the handleA01 method on our hl7service bean
        .when(header("CamelHL7TriggerEvent").isEqualTo("A01")).to("mock:a01")
            .beanRef("hl7service", "handleA01")
            .to("mock:a19")
        // other types should go to mock:unknown
        .otherwise()
            .to("mock:unknown")
    // end choice block
    .end()
    // marhsal response back
    .marshal(hl7);

Notice that we use the HL7 DataFormat to enrich our Camel Message with the MSH fields preconfigued on the Camel Message. This lets us much more easily define our routes using the fluent builders.
If we do not use the HL7 DataFormat, then we do not gains these headers and we must resort to a different technique for computing the MSH trigger event (= what kind of HL7 message it is). This is a big advantage of the HL7 DataFormat over the plain HL7 type converters.

Sample using plain String objects

In this sample we use plain String objects as the data format, that we send, process and receive. As the sample is part of a unit test, there is some code for assertions, but you should be able to understand what happens. First we send the plain string, Hello World, to the HL7MLLPCodec and receive the response as a plain string, Bye World.

MockEndpoint mock = getMockEndpoint("mock:result");
mock.expectedBodiesReceived("Bye World");

// send plain hello world as String
Object out = template.requestBody("mina:tcp://127.0.0.1:8888?sync=true&codec=#hl7codec", "Hello World");

assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();

// and the response is also just plain String
assertEquals("Bye World", out);

Here we process the incoming data as plain String and send the response also as plain String:

from("mina:tcp://127.0.0.1:8888?sync=true&codec=#hl7codec")
    .process(new Processor() {
        public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
            // use plain String as message format
            String body = exchange.getIn().getBody(String.class);
            assertEquals("Hello World", body);

            // return the response as plain string
            exchange.getOut().setBody("Bye World");
        }
    })
    .to("mock:result");

See Also

HTTP Component

The http: component provides HTTP based endpoints for consuming external HTTP resources (as a client to call external servers using HTTP).

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-http</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

http:hostname[:port][/resourceUri][?param1=value1][&param2=value2]

Will by default use port 80 for HTTP and 443 for HTTPS.

camel-http vs camel-jetty
You can only produce to endpoints generated by the HTTP component. Therefore it should never be used as input into your camel Routes. To bind/expose an HTTP endpoint via a HTTP server as input to a camel route, you can use the Jetty Component or the Servlet Component

Examples

Call the url with the body using POST and return response as out message. If body is null call URL using GET and return response as out message

Java DSLSpring DSL
from("direct:start")
  .to("http://myhost/mypath");
<from uri="direct:start"/>
<to uri="http://oldhost"/>

You can override the HTTP endpoint URI by adding a header. Camel will call the http://newhost. This is very handy for e.g. REST urls.

Java DSL
from("direct:start")
  .setHeader(Exchange.HTTP_URI, simple("http://myserver/orders/${header.orderId}"))
  .to("http://dummyhost");

URI parameters can either be set directly on the endpoint URI or as a header

Java DSL
from("direct:start")
  .to("http://oldhost?order=123&detail=short");
from("direct:start")
  .setHeader(Exchange.HTTP_QUERY, constant("order=123&detail=short"))
  .to("http://oldhost");

Set the HTTP request method to POST

Java DSLSpring DSL
from("direct:start")
  .setHeader(Exchange.HTTP_METHOD, constant("POST"))
  .to("http://www.google.com");
<from uri="direct:start"/>
<setHeader headerName="CamelHttpMethod">
  <constant>POST</constant>
</setHeader>
<to uri="http://www.google.com"/>
<to uri="mock:results"/>

HttpEndpoint Options

Name Default Value Description
throwExceptionOnFailure true Option to disable throwing the HttpOperationFailedException in case of failed responses from the remote server. This allows you to get all responses regardles of the HTTP status code.
bridgeEndpoint false If the option is true , HttpProducer will ignore the Exchange.HTTP_URI header, and use the endpoint's URI for request. You may also set the throwExcpetionOnFailure to be false to let the HttpProducer send all the fault response back.
Camel 2.3: If the option is true, HttpProducer and CamelServlet will skip the gzip processing if the content-encoding is "gzip".
disableStreamCache false DefaultHttpBinding will copy the request input stream into a stream cache and put it into message body if this option is false to support read it twice, otherwise DefaultHttpBinding will set the request input stream direct into the message body.
httpBindingRef null Reference to a org.apache.camel.component.http.HttpBinding in the Registry. From Camel 2.3 onwards prefer to use the httpBinding option.
httpBinding null Reference to a org.apache.camel.component.http.HttpBinding in the Registry.
httpClientConfigurerRef null Reference to a org.apache.camel.component.http.HttpClientConfigurer in the Registry. From Camel 2.3 onwards prefer to use the httpClientConfigurer option.
httpClientConfigurer null Reference to a org.apache.camel.component.http.HttpClientConfigurer in the Registry.
httpClient.XXX null Setting options on the HttpClientParams. For instance httpClient.soTimeout=5000 will set the SO_TIMEOUT to 5 seconds.
clientConnectionManager null To use a custom org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager.
transferException false Camel 2.6: If enabled and an Exchange failed processing on the consumer side, and if the caused Exception was send back serialized in the response as a application/x-java-serialized-object content type (for example using Jetty or SERVLET Camel components). On the producer side the exception will be deserialized and thrown as is, instead of the HttpOperationFailedException. The caused exception is required to be serialized.

Authentication and Proxy

The following authentication options can also be set on the HttpEndpoint:

Name Default Value Description
authMethod null Authentication method, either as Basic, Digest or NTLM.
authMethodPriority null Priority of authentication methods. Is a list separated with comma. For example: Basic,Digest to exclude NTLM.
authUsername null Username for authentication
authPassword null Password for authentication
authDomain null Domain for NTML authentication
authHost null Optional host for NTML authentication
proxyHost null The proxy host name
proxyPort null The proxy port number
proxyAuthMethod null Authentication method for proxy, either as Basic, Digest or NTLM.
proxyAuthUsername null Username for proxy authentication
proxyAuthPassword null Password for proxy authentication
proxyAuthDomain null Domain for proxy NTML authentication
proxyAuthHost null Optional host for proxy NTML authentication

When using authentication you must provide the choice of method for the authMethod or authProxyMethod options.
You can configure the proxy and authentication details on either the HttpComponent or the HttpEndoint. Values provided on the HttpEndpoint will take precedence over HttpComponent. Its most likely best to configure this on the HttpComponent which allows you to do this once.

The HTTP component uses convention over configuration which means that if you have not explicit set a authMethodPriority then it will fallback and use the select(ed) authMethod as priority as well. So if you use authMethod.Basic then the auhtMethodPriority will be Basic only.

HttpComponent Options

Name Default Value Description
httpBinding null To use a custom org.apache.camel.component.http.HttpBinding.
httpClientConfigurer null To use a custom org.apache.camel.component.http.HttpClientConfigurer.
httpConnectionManager null To use a custom org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpConnectionManager.
httpConfiguration null To use a custom org.apache.camel.component.http.HttpConfiguration

HttpConfiguration contains all the options listed in the table above under the section HttpConfiguration - Setting Authentication and Proxy.

Message Headers

Name Type Description
Exchange.HTTP_URI String URI to call. Will override existing URI set directly on the endpoint.
Exchange.HTTP_METHOD String HTTP Method / Verb to use (GET/POST/PUT/DELETE/HEAD/OPTIONS/TRACE)
Exchange.HTTP_PATH String Request URI's path, the header will be used to build the request URI with the HTTP_URI. Camel 2.3.0: If the path is start with "/", http producer will try to find the relative path based on the Exchange.HTTP_BASE_URI header or the exchange.getFromEndpoint().getEndpointUri();
Exchange.HTTP_QUERY String URI parameters. Will override existing URI parameters set directly on the endpoint.
Exchange.HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE int The HTTP response code from the external server. Is 200 for OK.
Exchange.HTTP_CHARACTER_ENCODING String Character encoding.
Exchange.CONTENT_TYPE String The HTTP content type. Is set on both the IN and OUT message to provide a content type, such as text/html.
Exchange.CONTENT_ENCODING String The HTTP content encoding. Is set on both the IN and OUT message to provide a content encoding, such as gzip.
Exchange.HTTP_SERVLET_REQUEST HttpServletRequest The HttpServletRequest object.
Exchange.HTTP_SERVLET_RESPONSE HttpServletResponse The HttpServletResponse object.
Exchange.HTTP_PROTOCOL_VERSION String Camel 2.5: You can set the http protocol version with this header, eg. "HTTP/1.0". If you didn't specify the header, HttpProducer will use the default value "HTTP/1.1"

The header name above are constants. For the spring DSL you have to use the value of the constant instead of the name.

Message Body

Camel will store the HTTP response from the external server on the OUT body. All headers from the IN message will be copied to the OUT message, so headers are preserved during routing. Additionally Camel will add the HTTP response headers as well to the OUT message headers.

Response code

Camel will handle according to the HTTP response code:

  • Response code is in the range 100..299, Camel regards it as a success response.
  • Response code is in the range 300..399, Camel regards it as a redirection response and will throw a HttpOperationFailedException with the information.
  • Response code is 400+, Camel regards it as an external server failure and will throw a HttpOperationFailedException with the information.
    throwExceptionOnFailure
    The option, throwExceptionOnFailure, can be set to false to prevent the HttpOperationFailedException from being thrown for failed response codes. This allows you to get any response from the remote server.
    There is a sample below demonstrating this.

HttpOperationFailedException

This exception contains the following information:

  • The HTTP status code
  • The HTTP status line (text of the status code)
  • Redirect location, if server returned a redirect
  • Response body as a java.lang.String, if server provided a body as response

Calling using GET or POST

The following algorithm is used to determine if either GET or POST HTTP method should be used:
1. Use method provided in header.
2. GET if query string is provided in header.
3. GET if endpoint is configured with a query string.
4. POST if there is data to send (body is not null).
5. GET otherwise.

How to get access to HttpServletRequest and HttpServletResponse

You can get access to these two using the Camel type converter system using

HttpServletRequest request = exchange.getIn().getBody(HttpServletRequest.class);
HttpServletRequest response = exchange.getIn().getBody(HttpServletResponse.class);

Using client timeout - SO_TIMEOUT

See the unit test in this link

More Examples

Configuring a Proxy

Java DSL
from("direct:start")
  .to("http://oldhost?proxyHost=www.myproxy.com&proxyPort=80");

There is also support for proxy authentication via the proxyUsername and proxyPassword options.

Using proxy settings outside of URI

Java DSLSpring DSL
 context.getProperties().put("http.proxyHost", "172.168.18.9");
 context.getProperties().put("http.proxyPort" "8080");
   <camelContext>
       <properties>
           <property key="http.proxyHost" value="172.168.18.9"/>
           <property key="http.proxyPort" value="8080"/>
      </properties>
   </camelContext>

Options on Endpoint will override options on the context.

Configuring charset

If you are using POST to send data you can configure the charset

setProperty(Exchange.CHARSET_NAME, "iso-8859-1");

Sample with scheduled poll

The sample polls the Google homepage every 10 seconds and write the page to the file message.html:

from("timer://foo?fixedRate=true&delay=0&period=10000")
    .to("http://www.google.com")
    .setHeader(FileComponent.HEADER_FILE_NAME, "message.html").to("file:target/google");

Getting the Response Code

You can get the HTTP response code from the HTTP component by getting the value from the Out message header with HttpProducer.HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE.

   Exchange exchange = template.send("http://www.google.com/search", new Processor() {
            public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
                exchange.getIn().setHeader(Exchange.HTTP_QUERY, constant("hl=en&q=activemq"));
            }
   });
   Message out = exchange.getOut();
   int responseCode = out.getHeader(HttpProducer.HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE, Integer.class);

Using throwExceptionOnFailure=false to get any response back

In the route below we want to route a message that we enrich with data returned from a remote HTTP call. As we want any response from the remote server, we set the throwExceptionOnFailure option to false so we get any response in the AggregationStrategy. As the code is based on a unit test that simulates a HTTP status code 404, there is some assertion code etc.

// We set throwExceptionOnFailure to false to let Camel return any response from the remove HTTP server without thrown
// HttpOperationFailedException in case of failures.
// This allows us to handle all responses in the aggregation strategy where we can check the HTTP response code
// and decide what to do. As this is based on an unit test we assert the code is 404
from("direct:start").enrich("http://localhost:{{port}}/myserver?throwExceptionOnFailure=false&user=Camel", new AggregationStrategy() {
    public Exchange aggregate(Exchange original, Exchange resource) {
        // get the response code
        Integer code = resource.getIn().getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE, Integer.class);
        assertEquals(404, code.intValue());
        return resource;
    }
}).to("mock:result");

// this is our jetty server where we simulate the 404
from("jetty://http://localhost:{{port}}/myserver")
        .process(new Processor() {
            public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
                exchange.getOut().setBody("Page not found");
                exchange.getOut().setHeader(Exchange.HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE, 404);
            }
        });

Disabling Cookies

To disable cookies you can set the HTTP Client to ignore cookies by adding this URI option:
httpClient.cookiePolicy=ignoreCookies

Advanced Usage

If you need more control over the HTTP producer you should use the HttpComponent where you can set various classes to give you custom behavior.

Setting MaxConnectionsPerHost

The HTTP Component has a org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpConnectionManager where you can configure various global configuration for the given component.
By global, we mean that any endpoint the component creates has the same shared HttpConnectionManager. So, if we want to set a different value for the max connection per host, we need to define it on the HTTP component and not on the endpoint URI that we usually use. So here comes:

First, we define the http component in Spring XML. Yes, we use the same scheme name, http, because otherwise Camel will auto-discover and create the component with default settings. What we need is to overrule this so we can set our options. In the sample below we set the max connection to 5 instead of the default of 2.

<bean id="http" class="org.apache.camel.component.http.HttpComponent">
    <property name="camelContext" ref="camel"/>
    <property name="httpConnectionManager" ref="myHttpConnectionManager"/>
</bean>

<bean id="myHttpConnectionManager" class="org.apache.commons.httpclient.MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager">
    <property name="params" ref="myHttpConnectionManagerParams"/>
</bean>

<bean id="myHttpConnectionManagerParams" class="org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpConnectionManagerParams">
    <property name="defaultMaxConnectionsPerHost" value="5"/>
</bean>

And then we can just use it as we normally do in our routes:

<camelContext id="camel" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring" trace="true">
    <route>
        <from uri="direct:start"/>
        <to uri="http://www.google.com"/>
        <to uri="mock:result"/>
    </route>
</camelContext>

Using preemptive authentication

An end user reported that he had problem with authenticating with HTTPS. The problem was eventually resolved when he discovered the HTTPS server did not return a HTTP code 401 Authorization Required. The solution was to set the following URI option: httpClient.authenticationPreemptive=true

Accepting self signed certificates from remote server

See this link from a mailing list discussion with some code to outline how to do this with the Apache Commons HTTP API.

Setting up SSL for HTTP Client

Using the JSSE Configuration Utility

As of Camel 2.8, the HTTP4 component supports SSL/TLS configuration through the Camel JSSE Configuration Utility.  This utility greatly decreases the amount of component specific code you need to write and is configurable at the endpoint and component levels.  The following examples demonstrate how to use the utility with the HTTP4 component.

The version of the Apache HTTP client used in this component resolves SSL/TLS information from a global "protocol" registry.  This component provides an implementation, org.apache.camel.component.http.SSLContextParametersSecureProtocolSocketFactory, of the HTTP client's protocol socket factory in order to support the use of the Camel JSSE Configuration utility.  The following example demonstrates how to configure the protocol registry and use the registered protocol information in a route.

KeyStoreParameters ksp = new KeyStoreParameters();
ksp.setResource("/users/home/server/keystore.jks");
ksp.setPassword("keystorePassword");

KeyManagersParameters kmp = new KeyManagersParameters();
kmp.setKeyStore(ksp);
kmp.setKeyPassword("keyPassword");

SSLContextParameters scp = new SSLContextParameters();
scp.setKeyManagers(kmp);

ProtocolSocketFactory factory =
    new SSLContextParametersSecureProtocolSocketFactory(scp);

Protocol.registerProtocol("https",
        new Protocol(
        "https",
        factory,
        443));

from("direct:start")
        .to("https://mail.google.com/mail/").to("mock:results");
Configuring Apache HTTP Client Directly

Basically camel-http component is built on the top of Apache HTTP client, and you can implement a custom org.apache.camel.component.http.HttpClientConfigurer to do some configuration on the http client if you need full control of it.

However if you just want to specify the keystore and truststore you can do this with Apache HTTP HttpClientConfigurer, for example:

Protocol authhttps = new Protocol("https", new AuthSSLProtocolSocketFactory(
  new URL("file:my.keystore"), "mypassword",
  new URL("file:my.truststore"), "mypassword"), 443);

Protocol.registerProtocol("https", authhttps);

And then you need to create a class that implements HttpClientConfigurer, and registers https protocol providing a keystore or truststore per example above. Then, from your camel route builder class you can hook it up like so:

HttpComponent httpComponent = getContext().getComponent("http", HttpComponent.class);
httpComponent.setHttpClientConfigurer(new MyHttpClientConfigurer());

If you are doing this using the Spring DSL, you can specify your HttpClientConfigurer using the URI. For example:

<bean id="myHttpClientConfigurer"
 class="my.https.HttpClientConfigurer">
</bean>

<to uri="https://myhostname.com:443/myURL?httpClientConfigurerRef=myHttpClientConfigurer"/>

As long as you implement the HttpClientConfigurer and configure your keystore and truststore as described above, it will work fine.

See Also

iBATIS

The ibatis: component allows you to query, poll, insert, update and delete data in a relational database using Apache iBATIS.

Prefer MyBatis
The Apache iBatis project is no longer active. The project is moved outside Apache and is now know as the MyBatis project.
Therefore we encourage users to use MyBatis instead. This camel-ibatis component will be removed in Camel 3.0.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-ibatis</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

ibatis:statementName[?options]

Where statementName is the name in the iBATIS XML configuration file which maps to the query, insert, update or delete operation you wish to evaluate.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

This component will by default load the iBatis SqlMapConfig file from the root of the classpath and expected named as SqlMapConfig.xml.
It uses Spring resource loading so you can define it using classpath, file or http as prefix to load resources with those schemes.
In Camel 2.2 you can configure this on the iBatisComponent with the setSqlMapConfig(String) method.

Options

Option Type Default Description
consumer.onConsume String null Statements to run after consuming. Can be used, for example, to update rows after they have been consumed and processed in Camel. See sample later. Multiple statements can be separated with comma.
consumer.useIterator boolean true If true each row returned when polling will be processed individually. If false the entire List of data is set as the IN body.
consumer.routeEmptyResultSet boolean false Camel 2.0: Sets whether empty result set should be routed or not. By default, empty result sets are not routed.
statementType StatementType null Camel 1.6.1/2.0: Mandatory to specify for IbatisProducer to control which iBatis SqlMapClient method to invoke. The enum values are: QueryForObject, QueryForList, Insert, Update, Delete.
maxMessagesPerPoll int 0 Camel 2.0: An integer to define a maximum messages to gather per poll. By default, no maximum is set. Can be used to set a limit of e.g. 1000 to avoid when starting up the server that there are thousands of files. Set a value of 0 or negative to disabled it.
isolation String TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ Camel 2.9: A String the defines the transaction isolation level of the will be used. Allowed values are TRANSACTION_NONE, TRANSACTION_READ_UNCOMMITTED, TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED, TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ, TRANSACTION_SERIALIZABLE
isolation String TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ Camel 2.9: A String the defines the transaction isolation level of the will be used. Allowed values are TRANSACTION_NONE, TRANSACTION_READ_UNCOMMITTED, TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED, TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ, TRANSACTION_SERIALIZABLE

Message Headers

Camel will populate the result message, either IN or OUT with a header with the operationName used:

Header Type Description
org.apache.camel.ibatis.queryName String Camel 1.x: The statementName used (for example: insertAccount).
CamelIBatisStatementName String Camel 2.0: The statementName used (for example: insertAccount).
CamelIBatisResult Object Camel 1.6.2/2.0: The response returned from iBatis in any of the operations. For instance an INSERT could return the auto-generated key, or number of rows etc.

Message Body

Camel 1.6.1: The response from iBatis will be set as OUT body
Camel 1.6.2/2.0: The response from iBatis will only be set as body if it's a SELECT statement. That means, for example, for INSERT statements Camel will not replace the body. This allows you to continue routing and keep the original body. The response from iBatis is always stored in the header with the key CamelIBatisResult.

Samples

For example if you wish to consume beans from a JMS queue and insert them into a database you could do the following:

from("activemq:queue:newAccount").
  to("ibatis:insertAccount?statementType=Insert");

Notice we have to specify the statementType, as we need to instruct Camel which SqlMapClient operation to invoke.

Where insertAccount is the iBatis ID in the SQL map file:

  <!-- Insert example, using the Account parameter class -->
  <insert id="insertAccount" parameterClass="Account">
    insert into ACCOUNT (
      ACC_ID,
      ACC_FIRST_NAME,
      ACC_LAST_NAME,
      ACC_EMAIL
    )
    values (
      #id#, #firstName#, #lastName#, #emailAddress#
    )
  </insert>

Using StatementType for better control of IBatis

Available as of Camel 1.6.1/2.0
When routing to an iBatis endpoint you want more fine grained control so you can control whether the SQL statement to be executed is a SELEECT, UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT etc. This is now possible in Camel 1.6.1/2.0. So for instance if we want to route to an iBatis endpoint in which the IN body contains parameters to a SELECT statement we can do:

from("direct:start")
    .to("ibatis:selectAccountById?statementType=QueryForObject")
    .to("mock:result");

In the code above we can invoke the iBatis statement selectAccountById and the IN body should contain the account id we want to retrieve, such as an Integer type.

We can do the same for some of the other operations, such as QueryForList:

from("direct:start")
    .to("ibatis:selectAllAccounts?statementType=QueryForList")
    .to("mock:result");

And the same for UPDATE, where we can send an Account object as IN body to iBatis:

from("direct:start")
    .to("ibatis:updateAccount?statementType=Update")
    .to("mock:result");

Scheduled polling example

Since this component does not support scheduled polling, you need to use another mechanism for triggering the scheduled polls, such as the Timer or Quartz components.

In the sample below we poll the database, every 30 seconds using the Timer component and send the data to the JMS queue:

from("timer://pollTheDatabase?delay=30000").to("ibatis:selectAllAccounts?statementType=QueryForList").to("activemq:queue:allAccounts");

And the iBatis SQL map file used:

  <!-- Select with no parameters using the result map for Account class. -->
  <select id="selectAllAccounts" resultMap="AccountResult">
    select * from ACCOUNT
  </select>

Using onConsume

This component supports executing statements after data have been consumed and processed by Camel. This allows you to do post updates in the database. Notice all statements must be UPDATE statements. Camel supports executing multiple statements whose name should be separated by comma.

The route below illustrates we execute the consumeAccount statement data is processed. This allows us to change the status of the row in the database to processed, so we avoid consuming it twice or more.

from("ibatis:selectUnprocessedAccounts?consumer.onConsume=consumeAccount").to("mock:results");

And the statements in the sqlmap file:

<select id="selectUnprocessedAccounts" resultMap="AccountResult">
     select * from ACCOUNT where PROCESSED = false
</select>
<update id="consumeAccount" parameterClass="Account">
     update ACCOUNT set PROCESSED = true where ACC_ID = #id#
</update>

See Also

IRC Component

The irc component implements an IRC (Internet Relay Chat) transport.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-irc</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

irc:nick@host[:port]/#room[?options]

In Camel 2.0, you can also use the following format:

irc:nick@host[:port]?channels=#channel1,#channel2,#channel3[?options]

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Description Example Default Value
channels Camel 2.0: Comma separated list of IRC channels to join. channels=#channel1,#channel2 null
nickname The nickname used in chat. irc:MyNick@irc.server.org#channel or irc:irc.server.org#channel?nickname=MyUser null
username The IRC server user name. irc:MyUser@irc.server.org#channel or irc:irc.server.org#channel?username=MyUser Same as nickname.
password The IRC server password. password=somepass None
realname The IRC user's actual name. realname=MyName None
colors Whether or not the server supports color codes. true, false true
onReply Whether or not to handle general responses to commands or informational messages. true, false false
onNick Handle nickname change events. true, false true
onQuit Handle user quit events. true, false true
onJoin Handle user join events. true, false true
onKick Handle kick events. true, false true
onMode Handle mode change events. true, false true
onPart Handle user part events. true, false true
onTopic Handle topic change events. true, false true
onPrivmsg Handle message events. true, false true
trustManager Camel 2.0: The trust manager used to verify the SSL server's certificate. trustManager=#referenceToTrustManagerBean The default trust manager, which accepts all certificates, will be used.
keys Camel 2.2: Comma separated list of IRC channel keys. Important to be listed in same order as channels. When joining multiple channels with only some needing keys just insert an empty value for that channel. irc:MyNick@irc.server.org/#channel?keys=chankey null
sslContextParameters Camel 2.9: Reference to a org.apache.camel.util.jsse.SSLContextParameters in the Registry.  This reference overrides any configured SSLContextParameters at the component level.  See Using the JSSE Configuration Utility.  Note that this setting overrides the trustManager option. #mySslContextParameters
null

SSL Support

Using the JSSE Configuration Utility

As of Camel 2.9, the IRC component supports SSL/TLS configuration through the Camel JSSE Configuration Utility.  This utility greatly decreases the amount of component specific code you need to write and is configurable at the endpoint and component levels.  The following examples demonstrate how to use the utility with the IRC component.

Programmatic configuration of the endpoint
KeyStoreParameters ksp = new KeyStoreParameters();
ksp.setResource("/users/home/server/truststore.jks");
ksp.setPassword("keystorePassword");

TrustManagersParameters tmp = new TrustManagersParameters();
tmp.setKeyStore(ksp);

SSLContextParameters scp = new SSLContextParameters();
scp.setTrustManagers(tmp);

Registry registry = ...
registry.bind("sslContextParameters", scp);

...

from(...)
    .to("ircs://camel-prd-user@server:6669/#camel-test?nickname=camel-prd&password=password&sslContextParameters=#sslContextParameters");

Spring DSL based configuration of endpoint
...
  <camel:sslContextParameters
      id="sslContextParameters">
    <camel:trustManagers>
      <camel:keyStore
          resource="/users/home/server/truststore.jks"
          password="keystorePassword"/>
    </camel:keyManagers>
  </camel:sslContextParameters>...
...
  <to uri="ircs://camel-prd-user@server:6669/#camel-test?nickname=camel-prd&password=password&sslContextParameters=#sslContextParameters"/>...

Using the legacy basic configuration options

As of Camel 2.0, you can also connect to an SSL enabled IRC server, as follows:

ircs:host[:port]/#room?username=user&password=pass

By default, the IRC transport uses SSLDefaultTrustManager. If you need to provide your own custom trust manager, use the trustManager parameter as follows:

ircs:host[:port]/#room?username=user&password=pass&trustManager=#referenceToMyTrustManagerBean

Using keys

Available as of Camel 2.2

Some irc rooms requires you to provide a key to be able to join that channel. The key is just a secret word.

For example we join 3 channels where as only channel 1 and 3 uses a key.

irc:nick@irc.server.org?channels=#chan1,#chan2,#chan3&keys=chan1Key,,chan3key

See Also

Jasypt component

Available as of Camel 2.5

Jasypt is a simplified encryption library which makes encryption and decryption easy. Camel integrates with Jasypt to allow sensitive information in Properties files to be encrypted. By dropping camel-jasypt on the classpath those encrypted values will automatic be decrypted on-the-fly by Camel. This ensures that human eyes can't easily spot sensitive information such as usernames and passwords.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-jasypt</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

Tooling

The Jasypt component provides a little command line tooling to encrypt or decrypt values.

The console output the syntax and which options it provides:

Apache Camel Jasypt takes the following options

  -h or -help = Displays the help screen
  -c or -command <command> = Command either encrypt or decrypt
  -p or -password <password> = Password to use
  -i or -input <input> = Text to encrypt or decrypt
  -a or -algorithm <algorithm> = Optional algorithm to use

For example to encrypt the value tiger you run with the following parameters. In the apache camel kit, you cd into the lib folder and run the following java cmd, where <CAMEL_HOME> is where you have downloaded and extract the Camel distribution.

$ cd <CAMEL_HOME>/lib
$ java -jar camel-jasypt-2.5.0.jar -c encrypt -p secret -i tiger

Which outputs the following result

Encrypted text: qaEEacuW7BUti8LcMgyjKw==

This means the encrypted representation qaEEacuW7BUti8LcMgyjKw== can be decrypted back to tiger if you know the master password which was secret.
If you run the tool again then the encrypted value will return a different result. But decrypting the value will always return the correct original value.

So you can test it by running the tooling using the following parameters:

$ cd <CAMEL_HOME>/lib
$ java -jar camel-jasypt-2.5.0.jar -c decrypt -p secret -i qaEEacuW7BUti8LcMgyjKw==

Which outputs the following result:

Decrypted text: tiger

The idea is then to use those encrypted values in your Properties files. Notice how the password value is encrypted and the value has the tokens surrounding ENC(value here)

# refer to a mock endpoint name by that encrypted password
cool.result=mock:{{cool.password}}

# here is a password which is encrypted
cool.password=ENC(bsW9uV37gQ0QHFu7KO03Ww==)

Tooling dependencies for Camel 2.5 and 2.6

The tooling requires the following JARs in the classpath, which has been enlisted in the MANIFEST.MF file of camel-jasypt with optional/ as prefix. Hence why the java cmd above can pickup the needed JARs from the Apache Distribution in the optional directory.

jasypt-1.6.jar commons-lang-2.4.jar commons-codec-1.4.jar icu4j-4.0.1.jar
Java 1.5 users
The icu4j-4.0.1.jar is only needed when running on JDK 1.5.

This JAR is not distributed by Apache Camel and you have to download it manually and copy it to the lib/optional directory of the Camel distribution.
You can download it from Apache Central Maven repo.

Tooling dependencies for Camel 2.7 or better

Jasypt 1.7 onwards is now fully standalone so no additional JARs is needed.

URI Options

The options below are exclusive for the Jasypt component.

Name Default Value Type Description
password null String Specifies the master password to use for decrypting. This option is mandatory. See below for more details.
algorithm null String Name of an optional algorithm to use.

Protecting the master password

The master password used by Jasypt must be provided, so its capable of decrypting the values. However having this master password out in the opening may not be an ideal solution. Therefore you could for example provided it as a JVM system property or as a OS environment setting. If you decide to do so then the password option supports prefixes which dictates this. sysenv: means to lookup the OS system environment with the given key. sys: means to lookup a JVM system property.

For example you could provided the password before you start the application

$ export CAMEL_ENCRYPTION_PASSWORD=secret

Then start the application, such as running the start script.

When the application is up and running you can unset the environment

$ unset CAMEL_ENCRYPTION_PASSWORD

The password option is then a matter of defining as follows: password=sysenv:CAMEL_ENCRYPTION_PASSWORD.

Example with Java DSL

In Java DSL you need to configure Jasypt as a JasyptPropertiesParser instance and set it on the Properties component as show below:

// create the jasypt properties parser
JasyptPropertiesParser jasypt = new JasyptPropertiesParser();
// and set the master password
jasypt.setPassword("secret");

// create the properties component
PropertiesComponent pc = new PropertiesComponent();
pc.setLocation("classpath:org/apache/camel/component/jasypt/myproperties.properties");
// and use the jasypt properties parser so we can decrypt values
pc.setPropertiesParser(jasypt);

// add properties component to camel context
context.addComponent("properties", pc);

The properties file myproperties.properties then contain the encrypted value, such as shown below. Notice how the password value is encrypted and the value has the tokens surrounding ENC(value here)

# refer to a mock endpoint name by that encrypted password
cool.result=mock:{{cool.password}}

# here is a password which is encrypted
cool.password=ENC(bsW9uV37gQ0QHFu7KO03Ww==)

Example with Spring XML

In Spring XML you need to configure the JasyptPropertiesParser which is shown below. Then the Camel Properties component is told to use jasypt as the properties parser, which means Jasypt have its chance to decrypt values looked up in the properties.

<!-- define the jasypt properties parser with the given password to be used -->
<bean id="jasypt" class="org.apache.camel.component.jasypt.JasyptPropertiesParser">
    <property name="password" value="secret"/>
</bean>

<!-- define the camel properties component -->
<bean id="properties" class="org.apache.camel.component.properties.PropertiesComponent">
    <!-- the properties file is in the classpath -->
    <property name="location" value="classpath:org/apache/camel/component/jasypt/myproperties.properties"/>
    <!-- and let it leverage the jasypt parser -->
    <property name="propertiesParser" ref="jasypt"/>
</bean>

The Properties component can also be inlined inside the <camelContext> tag which is shown below. Notice how we use the propertiesParserRef attribute to refer to Jasypt.

<!-- define the jasypt properties parser with the given password to be used -->
<bean id="jasypt" class="org.apache.camel.component.jasypt.JasyptPropertiesParser">
    <!-- password is mandatory, you can prefix it with sysenv: or sys: to indicate it should use
         an OS environment or JVM system property value, so you dont have the master password defined here -->
    <property name="password" value="secret"/>
</bean>

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <!-- define the camel properties placeholder, and let it leverage jasypt -->
    <propertyPlaceholder id="properties"
                         location="classpath:org/apache/camel/component/jasypt/myproperties.properties"
                         propertiesParserRef="jasypt"/>
    <route>
        <from uri="direct:start"/>
        <to uri="{{cool.result}}"/>
    </route>
</camelContext>

See Also

JavaSpace Component

Available as of Camel 2.1

The javaspace component is a transport for working with any JavaSpace compliant implementation and this component has been tested with both the Blitz implementation and the GigaSpace implementation .
This component can be used for sending and receiving any object inheriting from the Jini net.jini.core.entry.Entry class. It is also possible to pass the bean ID of a template that can be used for reading/taking the entries from the space.
This component can be used for sending/receiving any serializable object acting as a sort of generic transport. The JavaSpace component contains a special optimization for dealing with the BeanExchange. It can be used to invoke a POJO remotely, using a JavaSpace as a transport.
This latter feature can provide a simple implementation of the master/worker pattern, where a POJO provides the business logic for the worker.
Look at the test cases for examples of various use cases for this component.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-javaspace</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

javaspace:jini://host[?options]

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
spaceName null Specifies the JavaSpace name.
verb take Specifies the verb for getting JavaSpace entries. The values can be: take or read.
transactional false If true, sending and receiving entries is performed within a transaction.
transactionalTimeout Long.MAX_VALUE Specifies the transaction timeout.
concurrentConsumers 1 Specifies the number of concurrent consumers getting entries from the JavaSpace.
templateId null If present, this option specifies the Spring bean ID of the template to use for reading/taking entries.

Examples

Sending and Receiving Entries

// sending route
from("direct:input")
    .to("javaspace:jini://localhost?spaceName=mySpace");

// receiving Route
from("javaspace:jini://localhost?spaceName=mySpace&templateId=template&verb=take&concurrentConsumers=1")
    .to("mock:foo");

In this case the payload can be any object that inherits from the Jini Entry type.

Sending and receiving serializable objects

Using the preceding routes, it is also possible to send and receive any serializable object. The JavaSpace component detects that the payload is not a Jini Entry and then it automatically wraps the payload with a Camel Jini Entry. In this way, a JavaSpace can be used as a generic transport mechanism.

Using JavaSpace as a remote invocation transport

The JavaSpace component has been tailored to work in combination with the Camel bean component. It is therefore possible to call a remote POJO using JavaSpace as the transport:

// client side
from("direct:input")
    .to("javaspace:jini://localhost?spaceName=mySpace");

// server side
from("javaspace:jini://localhost?concurrentConsumers=10&spaceName=mySpace")
    .to("mock:foo");

In the code there are two test cases showing how to use a POJO to realize the master/worker pattern. The idea is to use the POJO to provide the business logic and rely on Camel for sending/receiving requests/replies with the proper correlation.

See Also

JBI Component

The jbi component is implemented by the ServiceMix Camel module and provides integration with a JBI Normalized Message Router, such as the one provided by Apache ServiceMix.

See below for information about how to use StreamSource types from ServiceMix in Camel.

The following code:

from("jbi:endpoint:http://foo.bar.org/MyService/MyEndpoint")

Automatically exposes a new endpoint to the bus, where the service QName is {http://foo.bar.org}MyService and the endpoint name is MyEndpoint (see URI-format).

When a JBI endpoint appears at the end of a route, for example:

to("jbi:endpoint:http://foo.bar.org/MyService/MyEndpoint")

The messages sent by this producer endpoint are sent to the already deployed JBI endpoint.

URI format

jbi:service:serviceNamespace[sep]serviceName[?options]
jbi:endpoint:serviceNamespace[sep]serviceName[sep]endpointName[?options]
jbi:name:endpointName[?options]

The separator that should be used in the endpoint URL is:

  • / (forward slash), if serviceNamespace starts with http://, or
  • : (colon), if serviceNamespace starts with urn:foo:bar.

For more details of valid JBI URIs see the ServiceMix URI Guide.

Using the jbi:service: or jbi:endpoint: URI formats sets the service QName on the JBI endpoint to the one specified. Otherwise, the default Camel JBI Service QName is used, which is:

{http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/jbi}endpoint

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Examples

jbi:service:http://foo.bar.org/MyService
jbi:endpoint:urn:foo:bar:MyService:MyEndpoint
jbi:endpoint:http://foo.bar.org/MyService/MyEndpoint
jbi:name:cheese

URI options

Name Default value Description
mep MEP of the Camel Exchange Allows users to override the MEP set on the Exchange object. Valid values for this option are in-only, in-out, robust-in-out and in-optional-out.
operation Value of the jbi.operation header property Specifies the JBI operation for the MessageExchange. If no value is supplied, the JBI binding will use the value of the jbi.operation header property.
serialization basic Default value (basic) will check if headers are serializable by looking at the type, setting this option to strict will detect objects that can not be serialized although they implement the Serializable interface. Set to nocheck to disable this check altogether, note that this should only be used for in-memory transports like SEDAFlow, otherwise you can expect to get NotSerializableException thrown at runtime.
convertException false false: send any exceptions thrown from the Camel route back unmodified
true: convert all exceptions to a JBI FaultException (can be used to avoid non-serializable exceptions or to implement generic error handling

Examples

jbi:service:http://foo.bar.org/MyService?mep=in-out       (override the MEP, use InOut JBI MessageExchanges)
jbi:endpoint:urn:foo:bar:MyService:MyEndpoint?mep=in      (override the MEP, use InOnly JBI MessageExchanges)  
jbi:endpoint:urn:foo:bar:MyService:MyEndpoint?operation={http://www.mycompany.org}AddNumbers 
 (overide the operation for the JBI Exchange to {http://www.mycompany.org}AddNumbers)

Using Stream bodies

If you are using a stream type as the message body, you should be aware that a stream is only capable of being read once. So if you enable DEBUG logging, the body is usually logged and thus read. To deal with this, Camel has a streamCaching option that can cache the stream, enabling you to read it multiple times.

from("jbi:endpoint:http://foo.bar.org/MyService/MyEndpoint").streamCaching().to("xslt:transform.xsl", "bean:doSomething");

From Camel 1.5 onwards, the stream caching is default enabled, so it is not necessary to set the streamCaching() option.
In Camel 2.0 we store big input streams (by default, over 64K) in a temp file using CachedOutputStream. When you close the input stream, the temp file will be deleted.

Creating a JBI Service Unit

If you have some Camel routes that you want to deploy inside JBI as a Service Unit, you can use the JBI Service Unit Archetype to create a new Maven project for the Service Unit.

If you have an existing Maven project that you need to convert into a JBI Service Unit, you may want to consult ServiceMix Maven JBI Plugins for further help. The key steps are as follows:

  • Create a Spring XML file at src/main/resources/camel-context.xml to bootstrap your routes inside the JBI Service Unit.
  • Change the POM file's packaging to jbi-service-unit.

Your pom.xml should look something like this to enable the jbi-service-unit packaging:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>myGroupId</groupId>
  <artifactId>myArtifactId</artifactId>
  <packaging>jbi-service-unit</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <name>A Camel based JBI Service Unit</name>

  <url>http://www.myorganization.org</url>

  <properties>
    <camel-version>1.0.0</camel-version>
    <servicemix-version>3.3</servicemix-version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.servicemix</groupId>
      <artifactId>servicemix-camel</artifactId>
      <version>${servicemix-version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.servicemix</groupId>
      <artifactId>servicemix-core</artifactId>
      <version>${servicemix-version}</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <defaultGoal>install</defaultGoal>

    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.5</source>
          <target>1.5</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>

      <!-- creates the JBI deployment unit -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.servicemix.tooling</groupId>
        <artifactId>jbi-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>${servicemix-version}</version>
        <extensions>true</extensions>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

See Also

JCR Component

The jcr component allows you to add/read nodes to/from a JCR compliant content repository (for example, Apache Jackrabbit) with its producer, or register an EventListener with the consumer.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-jcr</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

jcr://user:password@repository/path/to/node
Consumer added
From Camel 2.10 onwards you can use consumer as an EventListener in JCR or a producer to read a node by identifier.

Usage

The repository element of the URI is used to look up the JCR Repository object in the Camel context registry.

Producer

Name Default Value Description
CamelJcrOperation CamelJcrInsert CamelJcrInsert or CamelJcrGetById operation to use
CamelJcrNodeName null Used to determine the node name to use.

When a message is sent to a JCR producer endpoint:

  • If the operation is CamelJcrInsert: A new node is created in the content repository, all the message properties of the IN message are transformed to JCR Value instances and added to the new node and the node's UUID is returned in the OUT message.
  • If the operation is CamelJcrGetById: A new node is retrieved from the repository using the message body as node identifier.

Consumer

The consumer will connect to JCR periodically and return a List<javax.jcr.observation.Event> in the message body.

Name Default Value Description
eventTypes 0 A combination of one or more event types encoded as a bit mask value such as javax.jcr.observation.Event.NODE_ADDED, javax.jcr.observation.Event.NODE_REMOVED, etc.
deep false When it is true, events whose associated parent node is at current path or within its subgraph are received.
uuids null Only events whose associated parent node has one of the identifiers in the comma separated uuid list will be received.
nodeTypeNames null Only events whose associated parent node has one of the node types (or a subtype of one of the node types) in this list will be received.
noLocal false If noLocal is true, then events generated by the session through which the listener was registered are ignored. Otherwise, they are not ignored.
sessionLiveCheckInterval 60000 Interval in milliseconds to wait before each session live checking.
sessionLiveCheckIntervalOnStart 3000 Interval in milliseconds to wait before the first session live checking.

Example

The snippet below creates a node named node under the /home/test node in the content repository. One additional attribute is added to the node as well: my.contents.property which will contain the body of the message being sent.

from("direct:a").setProperty(JcrConstants.JCR_NODE_NAME, constant("node"))
        .setProperty("my.contents.property", body())
        .to("jcr://user:pass@repository/home/test");

The following code will register an EventListener under the path import-application/inbox for Event.NODE_ADDED and Event.NODE_REMOVED events (event types 1 and 2, both masked as 3) and listening deep for all the children.

<route>
    <from uri="jcr://user:pass@repository/import-application/inbox?eventTypes=3&deep=true" />
    <to uri="direct:execute-import-application" />
</route>

See Also

JDBC Component

The jdbc component enables you to access databases through JDBC, where SQL queries and operations are sent in the message body. This component uses the standard JDBC API, unlike the SQL Component component, which uses spring-jdbc.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>
This component can only be used to define producer endpoints, which means that you cannot use the JDBC component in a from() statement.
This component can not be used as a Transactional Client. If you need transaction support in your route, you should use the SQL component instead.

URI format

jdbc:dataSourceName[?options]

This component only supports producer endpoints.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
readSize 0 / 2000 The default maximum number of rows that can be read by a polling query. The default value is 2000 for Camel 1.5.0 or older. In newer releases the default value is 0.
statement.<xxx> null Camel 2.1: Sets additional options on the java.sql.Statement that is used behind the scenes to execute the queries. For instance, statement.maxRows=10. For detailed documentation, see the java.sql.Statement javadoc documentation.
useJDBC4ColumnNameAndLabelSemantics true Camel 1.6.3/2.2: Sets whether to use JDBC 4/3 column label/name semantics. You can use this option to turn it false in case you have issues with your JDBC driver to select data. This only applies when using SQL SELECT using aliases (e.g. SQL SELECT id as identifier, name as given_name from persons).
resetAutoCommit true Camel 2.9: Camel will set the autoCommit on the JDBC connection to be false, commit the change after executed the statement and reset the autoCommit flag of the connection at the end, if the resetAutoCommit is true. If the JDBC connection doesn't support to reset the autoCommit flag, you can set the resetAutoCommit flag to be false, and Camel will not try to reset the autoCommit flag.

Result

The result is returned in the OUT body as an ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>>. The List object contains the list of rows and the Map objects contain each row with the String key as the column name.

Note: This component fetches ResultSetMetaData to be able to return the column name as the key in the Map.

Message Headers

Header Description
CamelJdbcRowCount If the query is a SELECT, query the row count is returned in this OUT header.
CamelJdbcUpdateCount If the query is an UPDATE, query the update count is returned in this OUT header.
CamelGeneratedKeysRows Camel 2.10: Rows that contains the generated kets.
CamelGeneratedKeysRowCount Camel 2.10: The number of rows in the header that contains generated keys.

Generated keys

Available as of Camel 2.10

If you insert data using SQL INSERT, then the RDBMS may support auto generated keys. You can instruct the JDBC producer to return the generated keys in headers.
To do that set the header CamelRetrieveGeneratedKeys=true. Then the generated keys will be provided as headers with the keys listed in the table above.

You can see more details in this unit test.

Samples

In the following example, we fetch the rows from the customer table.

First we register our datasource in the Camel registry as testdb:

JndiRegistry reg = super.createRegistry();
reg.bind("testdb", db);
return reg;

Then we configure a route that routes to the JDBC component, so the SQL will be executed. Note how we refer to the testdb datasource that was bound in the previous step:

// lets add simple route
public void configure() throws Exception {
    from("direct:hello").to("jdbc:testdb?readSize=100");
}

Or you can create a DataSource in Spring like this:

<camelContext id="camel" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
  <route>
     <from uri="timer://kickoff?period=10000"/>
     <setBody>
       <constant>select * from customer</constant>
     </setBody>
     <to uri="jdbc:testdb"/>
     <to uri="mock:result"/>
  </route>
</camelContext>

<!-- Just add a demo to show how to bind a date source for camel in Spring-->
<jdbc:embedded-database id="testdb" type="DERBY">
	<jdbc:script location="classpath:sql/init.sql"/>
</jdbc:embedded-database>

We create an endpoint, add the SQL query to the body of the IN message, and then send the exchange. The result of the query is returned in the OUT body:

// first we create our exchange using the endpoint
Endpoint endpoint = context.getEndpoint("direct:hello");
Exchange exchange = endpoint.createExchange();
// then we set the SQL on the in body
exchange.getIn().setBody("select * from customer order by ID");

// now we send the exchange to the endpoint, and receives the response from Camel
Exchange out = template.send(endpoint, exchange);

// assertions of the response
assertNotNull(out);
assertNotNull(out.getOut());
List<Map<String, Object>> data = out.getOut().getBody(List.class);
assertNotNull(data);
assertEquals(3, data.size());
Map<String, Object> row = data.get(0);
assertEquals("cust1", row.get("ID"));
assertEquals("jstrachan", row.get("NAME"));
row = data.get(1);
assertEquals("cust2", row.get("ID"));
assertEquals("nsandhu", row.get("NAME"));

If you want to work on the rows one by one instead of the entire ResultSet at once you need to use the Splitter EIP such as:

from("direct:hello")
        // here we split the data from the testdb into new messages one by one
        // so the mock endpoint will receive a message per row in the table
    .to("jdbc:testdb").split(body()).to("mock:result");

Sample - Polling the database every minute

If we want to poll a database using the JDBC component, we need to combine it with a polling scheduler such as the Timer or Quartz etc. In the following example, we retrieve data from the database every 60 seconds:

from("timer://foo?period=60000").setBody(constant("select * from customer")).to("jdbc:testdb").to("activemq:queue:customers");

See Also

Jetty Component

The jetty component provides HTTP-based endpoints for consuming HTTP requests. That is, the Jetty component behaves as a simple Web server.
Jetty can also be used as a http client which mean you can also use it with Camel as a producer.

Upgrading from Jetty 6 to 7
You can read more about upgrading Jetty here
Stream
Jetty is stream based, which means the input it receives is submitted to Camel as a stream. That means you will only be able to read the content of the stream once.
If you find a situation where the message body appears to be empty or you need to access the data multiple times (eg: doing multicasting, or redelivery error handling)
you should use Stream caching or convert the message body to a String which is safe to be re-read multiple times.

URI format

jetty:http://hostname[:port][/resourceUri][?options]

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
sessionSupport false Specifies whether to enable the session manager on the server side of Jetty.
httpClient.XXX null Configuration of Jetty's HttpClient. For example, setting httpClient.idleTimeout=30000 sets the idle timeout to 30 seconds.
httpBindingRef null Reference to an org.apache.camel.component.http.HttpBinding in the Registry. HttpBinding can be used to customize how a response should be written for the consumer.
jettyHttpBindingRef null Camel 2.6.0+: Reference to an org.apache.camel.component.jetty.JettyHttpBinding in the Registry. JettyHttpBinding can be used to customize how a response should be written for the producer.
matchOnUriPrefix false Whether or not the CamelServlet should try to find a target consumer by matching the URI prefix if no exact match is found. See here How do I let Jetty match wildcards.
handlers null Specifies a comma-delimited set of org.mortbay.jetty.Handler instances in your Registry (such as your Spring ApplicationContext). These handlers are added to the Jetty servlet context (for example, to add security).
chunked true Camel 2.2: If this option is false Jetty servlet will disable the HTTP streaming and set the content-length header on the response
enableJmx false Camel 2.3: If this option is true, Jetty JMX support will be enabled for this endpoint. See Jetty JMX support for more details.
disableStreamCache false Camel 2.3: Determines whether or not the raw input stream from Jetty is cached or not (Camel will read the stream into a in memory/overflow to file, Stream caching) cache. By default Camel will cache the Jetty input stream to support reading it multiple times to ensure it Camel can retrieve all data from the stream. However you can set this option to true when you for example need to access the raw stream, such as streaming it directly to a file or other persistent store. DefaultHttpBinding will copy the request input stream into a stream cache and put it into message body if this option is false to support reading the stream multiple times. If you use Jetty to bridge/proxy an endpoint then consider enabling this option to improve performance, in case you do not need to read the message payload multiple times.
bridgeEndpoint false Camel 2.1: If the option is true , HttpProducer will ignore the Exchange.HTTP_URI header, and use the endpoint's URI for request. You may also set the throwExceptionOnFailure to be false to let the HttpProducer send all the fault response back.
Camel 2.3: If the option is true, HttpProducer and CamelServlet will skip the gzip processing if the content-encoding is "gzip". Also consider setting disableStreamCache to true to optimize when bridging.
enableMultipartFilter true Camel 2.5: Whether Jetty org.eclipse.jetty.servlets.MultiPartFilter is enabled or not. You should set this value to false when bridging endpoints, to ensure multipart requests is proxied/bridged as well.
multipartFilterRef null Camel 2.6: Allows using a custom multipart filter. Note: setting multipartFilterRef forces the value of enableMultipartFilter to true.
FiltersRef null Camel 2.9: Allows using a custom filters which is putted into a list and can be find in the Registry
continuationTimeout null Camel 2.6: Allows to set a timeout in millis when using Jetty as consumer (server). By default Jetty uses 30000. You can use a value of <= 0 to never expire. If a timeout occurs then the request will be expired and Jetty will return back a http error 503 to the client. This option is only in use when using Jetty with the Asynchronous Routing Engine.
useContinuation true Camel 2.6: Whether or not to use Jetty continuations for the Jetty Server.
sslContextParametersRef
null
Camel 2.8: Reference to a org.apache.camel.util.jsse.SSLContextParameters in the Registry.  This reference overrides any configured SSLContextParameters at the component level.  See Using the JSSE Configuration Utility.
traceEnabled false Specifies whether to enable HTTP TRACE for this Jetty consumer. By default TRACE is turned off.

Message Headers

Camel uses the same message headers as the HTTP component.
From Camel 2.2, it also uses (Exchange.HTTP_CHUNKED,CamelHttpChunked) header to turn on or turn off the chuched encoding on the camel-jetty consumer.

Camel also populates all request.parameter and request.headers. For example, given a client request with the URL, http://myserver/myserver?orderid=123, the exchange will contain a header named orderid with the value 123.

Starting with Camel 2.2.0, you can get the request.parameter from the message header not only from Get Method, but also other HTTP method.

Usage

The Jetty component only supports consumer endpoints. Therefore a Jetty endpoint URI should be used only as the input for a Camel route (in a from() DSL call). To issue HTTP requests against other HTTP endpoints, use the HTTP Component

Component Options

The JettyHttpComponent provides the following options:

Name Default Value Description
enableJmx false Camel 2.3: If this option is true, Jetty JMX support will be enabled for this endpoint. See Jetty JMX support for more details.
sslKeyPassword null Consumer only: The password for the keystore when using SSL.
sslPassword null Consumer only: The password when using SSL.
sslKeystore null Consumer only: The path to the keystore.
minThreads null Camel 2.5 Consumer only: To set a value for minimum number of threads in server thread pool.
maxThreads null Camel 2.5 Consumer only: To set a value for maximum number of threads in server thread pool.
threadPool null Camel 2.5 Consumer only: To use a custom thread pool for the server.
sslSocketConnectors null Camel 2.3 Consumer only: A map which contains per port number specific SSL connectors. See section SSL support for more details.
socketConnectors null Camel 2.5 Consumer only: A map which contains per port number specific HTTP connectors. Uses the same principle as sslSocketConnectors and therefore see section SSL support for more details.
sslSocketConnectorProperties null Camel 2.5 Consumer only. A map which contains general SSL connector properties. See section SSL support for more details.
socketConnectorProperties null Camel 2.5 Consumer only. A map which contains general HTTP connector properties. Uses the same principle as sslSocketConnectorProperties and therefore see section SSL support for more details.
httpClient null Producer only: To use a custom HttpClient with the jetty producer.
httpClientMinThreads null Producer only: To set a value for minimum number of threads in HttpClient thread pool.
httpClientMaxThreads null Producer only: To set a value for maximum number of threads in HttpClient thread pool.
httpClientThreadPool null Producer only: To use a custom thread pool for the client.
sslContextParameters null Camel 2.8: To configure a custom SSL/TLS configuration options at the component level.  See  Using the JSSE Configuration Utility for more details.

Sample

In this sample we define a route that exposes a HTTP service at http://localhost:8080/myapp/myservice:

from("jetty:http://localhost:{{port}}/myapp/myservice").process(new MyBookService());
Usage of localhost
When you specify localhost in a URL, Camel exposes the endpoint only on the local TCP/IP network interface, so it cannot be accessed from outside the machine it operates on.

If you need to expose a Jetty endpoint on a specific network interface, the numerical IP address of this interface should be used as the host. If you need to expose a Jetty endpoint on all network interfaces, the 0.0.0.0 address should be used.

Our business logic is implemented in the MyBookService class, which accesses the HTTP request contents and then returns a response.
Note: The assert call appears in this example, because the code is part of an unit test.

public class MyBookService implements Processor {
    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        // just get the body as a string
        String body = exchange.getIn().getBody(String.class);

        // we have access to the HttpServletRequest here and we can grab it if we need it
        HttpServletRequest req = exchange.getIn().getBody(HttpServletRequest.class);
        assertNotNull(req);

        // for unit testing
        assertEquals("bookid=123", body);

        // send a html response
        exchange.getOut().setBody("<html><body>Book 123 is Camel in Action</body></html>");
    }
}

The following sample shows a content-based route that routes all requests containing the URI parameter, one, to the endpoint, mock:one, and all others to mock:other.

from("jetty:" + serverUri)
    .choice()
    .when().simple("${header.one}").to("mock:one")
    .otherwise()
    .to("mock:other");

So if a client sends the HTTP request, http://serverUri?one=hello, the Jetty component will copy the HTTP request parameter, one to the exchange's in.header. We can then use the simple language to route exchanges that contain this header to a specific endpoint and all others to another. If we used a language more powerful than Simple--such as EL or OGNL--we could also test for the parameter value and do routing based on the header value as well.

Session Support

The session support option, sessionSupport, can be used to enable a HttpSession object and access the session object while processing the exchange. For example, the following route enables sessions:

<route>
    <from uri="jetty:http://0.0.0.0/myapp/myservice/?sessionSupport=true"/>
    <processRef ref="myCode"/>
<route>

The myCode Processor can be instantiated by a Spring bean element:

<bean id="myCode"class="com.mycompany.MyCodeProcessor"/>

Where the processor implementation can access the HttpSession as follows:

public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
    HttpSession session = exchange.getIn(HttpMessage.class).getRequest().getSession();
    ...
}

SSL Support (HTTPS)

Using the JSSE Configuration Utility

As of Camel 2.8, the Jetty component supports SSL/TLS configuration through the Camel JSSE Configuration Utility.  This utility greatly decreases the amount of component specific code you need to write and is configurable at the endpoint and component levels.  The following examples demonstrate how to use the utility with the Jetty component.

Programmatic configuration of the component
KeyStoreParameters ksp = new KeyStoreParameters();
ksp.setResource("/users/home/server/keystore.jks");
ksp.setPassword("keystorePassword");

KeyManagersParameters kmp = new KeyManagersParameters();
kmp.setKeyStore(ksp);
kmp.setKeyPassword("keyPassword");

SSLContextParameters scp = new SSLContextParameters();
scp.setKeyManagers(kmp);

JettyComponent jettyComponent = getContext().getComponent("jetty", JettyComponent.class);
jettyComponent.setSslContextParameters(scp);
Spring DSL based configuration of endpoint
...
  <camel:sslContextParameters
      id="sslContextParameters">
    <camel:keyManagers
        keyPassword="keyPassword">
      <camel:keyStore
          resource="/users/home/server/keystore.jks"
          password="keystorePassword"/>
    </camel:keyManagers>
  </camel:sslContextParameters>...
...
  <to uri="jetty:https://127.0.0.1/mail/?sslContextParametersRef=sslContextParameters"/>
...
Configuring Jetty Directly

Jetty provides SSL support out of the box. To enable Jetty to run in SSL mode, simply format the URI with the https:// prefix---for example:

<from uri="jetty:https://0.0.0.0/myapp/myservice/"/>

Jetty also needs to know where to load your keystore from and what passwords to use in order to load the correct SSL certificate. Set the following JVM System Properties:

until Camel 2.2

  • jetty.ssl.keystore specifies the location of the Java keystore file, which contains the Jetty server's own X.509 certificate in a key entry. A key entry stores the X.509 certificate (effectively, the public key) and also its associated private key.
  • jetty.ssl.password the store password, which is required to access the keystore file (this is the same password that is supplied to the keystore command's -storepass option).
  • jetty.ssl.keypassword the key password, which is used to access the certificate's key entry in the keystore (this is the same password that is supplied to the keystore command's -keypass option).

from Camel 2.3 onwards

  • org.eclipse.jetty.ssl.keystore specifies the location of the Java keystore file, which contains the Jetty server's own X.509 certificate in a key entry. A key entry stores the X.509 certificate (effectively, the public key) and also its associated private key.
  • org.eclipse.jetty.ssl.password the store password, which is required to access the keystore file (this is the same password that is supplied to the keystore command's -storepass option).
  • org.eclipse.jetty.ssl.keypassword the key password, which is used to access the certificate's key entry in the keystore (this is the same password that is supplied to the keystore command's -keypass option).

For details of how to configure SSL on a Jetty endpoint, read the following documentation at the Jetty Site: http://docs.codehaus.org/display/JETTY/How+to+configure+SSL

Some SSL properties aren't exposed directly by Camel, however Camel does expose the underlying SslSocketConnector, which will allow you to set properties like needClientAuth for mutual authentication requiring a client certificate or wantClientAuth for mutual authentication where a client doesn't need a certificate but can have one. There's a slight difference between the various Camel versions:

Up to Camel 2.2

<bean id="jetty" class="org.apache.camel.component.jetty.JettyHttpComponent">
    <property name="sslSocketConnectors">
        <map>
            <entry key="8043">
                <bean class="org.mortbay.jetty.security.SslSocketConnector">
                    <property name="password"value="..."/>
                    <property name="keyPassword"value="..."/>
                    <property name="keystore"value="..."/>
                    <property name="needClientAuth"value="..."/>
                    <property name="truststore"value="..."/>
                </bean>
            </entry>
        </map>
    </property>
</bean>

Camel 2.3, 2.4

<bean id="jetty" class="org.apache.camel.component.jetty.JettyHttpComponent">
    <property name="sslSocketConnectors">
        <map>
            <entry key="8043">
                <bean class="org.eclipse.jetty.server.ssl.SslSocketConnector">
                    <property name="password"value="..."/>
                    <property name="keyPassword"value="..."/>
                    <property name="keystore"value="..."/>
                    <property name="needClientAuth"value="..."/>
                    <property name="truststore"value="..."/>
                </bean>
            </entry>
        </map>
    </property>
</bean>

*From Camel 2.5 we switch to use SslSelectChannelConnector *

<bean id="jetty" class="org.apache.camel.component.jetty.JettyHttpComponent">
    <property name="sslSocketConnectors">
        <map>
            <entry key="8043">
                <bean class="org.eclipse.jetty.server.ssl.SslSelectChannelConnector">
                    <property name="password"value="..."/>
                    <property name="keyPassword"value="..."/>
                    <property name="keystore"value="..."/>
                    <property name="needClientAuth"value="..."/>
                    <property name="truststore"value="..."/>
                </bean>
            </entry>
        </map>
    </property>
</bean>

The value you use as keys in the above map is the port you configure Jetty to listen on.

Configuring general SSL properties

Available as of Camel 2.5

Instead of a per port number specific SSL socket connector (as shown above) you can now configure general properties which applies for all SSL socket connectors (which is not explicit configured as above with the port number as entry).

<bean id="jetty" class="org.apache.camel.component.jetty.JettyHttpComponent">
    <property name="sslSocketConnectorProperties">
        <properties>
            <property name="password"value="..."/>
            <property name="keyPassword"value="..."/>
            <property name="keystore"value="..."/>
            <property name="needClientAuth"value="..."/>
            <property name="truststore"value="..."/>
        </properties>
    </property>
</bean>

How to obtain reference to the X509Certificate

Jetty stores a reference to the certificate in the HttpServletRequest which you can access from code as follows:

HttpServletRequest req = exchange.getIn().getBody(HttpServletRequest.class);
X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate) req.getAttribute("javax.servlet.request.X509Certificate")

Configuring general HTTP properties

Available as of Camel 2.5

Instead of a per port number specific HTTP socket connector (as shown above) you can now configure general properties which applies for all HTTP socket connectors (which is not explicit configured as above with the port number as entry).

<bean id="jetty" class="org.apache.camel.component.jetty.JettyHttpComponent">
    <property name="socketConnectorProperties">
        <properties>
            <property name="acceptors" value="4"/>
            <property name="maxIdleTime" value="300000"/>
        </properties>
    </property>
</bean>

Default behavior for returning HTTP status codes

The default behavior of HTTP status codes is defined by the org.apache.camel.component.http.DefaultHttpBinding class, which handles how a response is written and also sets the HTTP status code.

If the exchange was processed successfully, the 200 HTTP status code is returned.
If the exchange failed with an exception, the 500 HTTP status code is returned, and the stacktrace is returned in the body. If you want to specify which HTTP status code to return, set the code in the HttpProducer.HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE header of the OUT message.

Customizing HttpBinding

By default, Camel uses the org.apache.camel.component.http.DefaultHttpBinding to handle how a response is written. If you like, you can customize this behavior either by implementing your own HttpBinding class or by extending DefaultHttpBinding and overriding the appropriate methods.

The following example shows how to customize the DefaultHttpBinding in order to change how exceptions are returned:

public class MyHttpBinding extends DefaultHttpBinding {
    public MyHttpBinding(HttpEndpoint ep) {
        super(ep);
    }
    @Override
    public void doWriteExceptionResponse(Throwable exception, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        // we override the doWriteExceptionResponse as we only want to alter the binding how exceptions is
        // written back to the client. 

        // we just return HTTP 200 so the client thinks its okay
        response.setStatus(200);
        // and we return this fixed text
        response.getWriter().write("Something went wrong but we dont care");
    }
}

We can then create an instance of our binding and register it in the Spring registry as follows:

<bean id="mybinding"class="com.mycompany.MyHttpBinding"/>

And then we can reference this binding when we define the route:

<route><from uri="jetty:http://0.0.0.0:8080/myapp/myservice?httpBindingRef=mybinding"/><to uri="bean:doSomething"/></route>

Jetty handlers and security configuration

You can configure a list of Jetty handlers on the endpoint, which can be useful for enabling advanced Jetty security features. These handlers are configured in Spring XML as follows:

<-- Jetty Security handling -->
<bean id="userRealm" class="org.mortbay.jetty.plus.jaas.JAASUserRealm">
    <property name="name" value="tracker-users"/>
    <property name="loginModuleName" value="ldaploginmodule"/>
</bean>

<bean id="constraint" class="org.mortbay.jetty.security.Constraint">
    <property name="name" value="BASIC"/>
    <property name="roles" value="tracker-users"/>
    <property name="authenticate" value="true"/>
</bean>

<bean id="constraintMapping" class="org.mortbay.jetty.security.ConstraintMapping">
    <property name="constraint" ref="constraint"/>
    <property name="pathSpec" value="/*"/>
</bean>

<bean id="securityHandler" class="org.mortbay.jetty.security.SecurityHandler">
    <property name="userRealm" ref="userRealm"/>
    <property name="constraintMappings" ref="constraintMapping"/>
</bean>

And from Camel 2.3 onwards you can configure a list of Jetty handlers as follows:

<-- Jetty Security handling -->
<bean id="constraint" class="org.eclipse.jetty.http.security.Constraint">
    <property name="name" value="BASIC"/>
    <property name="roles" value="tracker-users"/>
    <property name="authenticate" value="true"/>
</bean>

<bean id="constraintMapping" class="org.eclipse.jetty.security.ConstraintMapping">
    <property name="constraint" ref="constraint"/>
    <property name="pathSpec" value="/*"/>
</bean>

<bean id="securityHandler" class="org.eclipse.jetty.security.ConstraintSecurityHandler">
    <property name="authenticator">
        <bean class="org.eclipse.jetty.security.authentication.BasicAuthenticator"/>
    </property>
    <property name="constraintMappings">
        <list>
            <ref bean="constraintMapping"/>
        </list>
    </property>
</bean>

You can then define the endpoint as:

from("jetty:http://0.0.0.0:9080/myservice?handlers=securityHandler")

If you need more handlers, set the handlers option equal to a comma-separated list of bean IDs.

How to return a custom HTTP 500 reply message

You may want to return a custom reply message when something goes wrong, instead of the default reply message Camel Jetty replies with.
You could use a custom HttpBinding to be in control of the message mapping, but often it may be easier to use Camel's Exception Clause to construct the custom reply message. For example as show here, where we return Dude something went wrong with HTTP error code 500:

from("jetty://http://localhost:{{port}}/myserver")
    // use onException to catch all exceptions and return a custom reply message
    .onException(Exception.class)
        .handled(true)
        // create a custom failure response
        .transform(constant("Dude something went wrong"))
        // we must remember to set error code 500 as handled(true)
        // otherwise would let Camel thing its a OK response (200)
        .setHeader(Exchange.HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE, constant(500))
    .end()
    // now just force an exception immediately
    .throwException(new IllegalArgumentException("I cannot do this"));

Multi-part Form support

From Camel 2.3.0, camel-jetty support to multipart form post out of box. The submitted form-data are mapped into the message header. Camel-jetty creates an attachment for each uploaded file. The file name is mapped to the name of the attachment. The content type is set as the content type of the attachment file name. You can find the example here.

Note: getName() functions as shown below in versions 2.5 and higher. In earlier versions you receive the temporary file name for the attachment instead
// Set the jetty temp directory which store the file for multi part form
// camel-jetty will clean up the file after it handled the request.
// The option works rightly from Camel 2.4.0
getContext().getProperties().put("CamelJettyTempDir", "target");

from("jetty://http://localhost:{{port}}/test").process(new Processor() {

    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        Message in = exchange.getIn();
        assertEquals("Get a wrong attachement size", 1, in.getAttachments().size());
        // The file name is attachment id
        DataHandler data = in.getAttachment("NOTICE.txt");

        assertNotNull("Should get the DataHandle NOTICE.txt", data);
        // This assert is wrong, but the correct content-type (application/octet-stream)
        // will not be returned until Jetty makes it available - currently the content-type
        // returned is just the default for FileDataHandler (for the implentation being used)
        //assertEquals("Get a wrong content type", "text/plain", data.getContentType());
        assertEquals("Got the wrong name", "NOTICE.txt", data.getName());

        assertTrue("We should get the data from the DataHandle", data.getDataSource()
            .getInputStream().available() > 0);

        // The other form date can be get from the message header
        exchange.getOut().setBody(in.getHeader("comment"));
    }

});

Jetty JMX support

From Camel 2.3.0, camel-jetty supports the enabling of Jetty's JMX capabilities at the component and endpoint level with the endpoint configuration taking priority. Note that JMX must be enabled within the Camel context in order to enable JMX support in this component as the component provides Jetty with a reference to the MBeanServer registered with the Camel context. Because the camel-jetty component caches and reuses Jetty resources for a given protocol/host/port pairing, this configuration option will only be evaluated during the creation of the first endpoint to use a protocol/host/port pairing. For example, given two routes created from the following XML fragments, JMX support would remain enabled for all endpoints listening on "https://0.0.0.0".

<from uri="jetty:https://0.0.0.0/myapp/myservice1/?enableJmx=true"/>
<from uri="jetty:https://0.0.0.0/myapp/myservice2/?enableJmx=false"/>

The camel-jetty component also provides for direct configuration of the Jetty MBeanContainer. Jetty creates MBean names dynamically. If you are running another instance of Jetty outside of the Camel context and sharing the same MBeanServer between the instances, you can provide both instances with a reference to the same MBeanContainer in order to avoid name collisions when registering Jetty MBeans.

See Also

Jing Component

The Jing component uses the Jing Library to perform XML validation of the message body using either

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-jing</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

Note that the MSV component can also support RelaxNG XML syntax.

URI format

rng:someLocalOrRemoteResource
rnc:someLocalOrRemoteResource

Where rng means use the RelaxNG XML Syntax whereas rnc means use RelaxNG Compact Syntax. The following examples show possible URI values

ExampleDescription
rng:foo/bar.rng References the XML file foo/bar.rng on the classpath
rnc: http://foo.com/bar.rnc References the RelaxNG Compact Syntax file from the URL, http://foo.com/bar.rnc

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Option Default Description
useDom false Camel 2.0: Specifies whether DOMSource/DOMResult or SaxSource/SaxResult should be used by the validator.

Example

The following example shows how to configure a route from the endpoint direct:start which then goes to one of two endpoints, either mock:valid or mock:invalid based on whether or not the XML matches the given RelaxNG Compact Syntax schema (which is supplied on the classpath).

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <route>
        <from uri="direct:start"/>
        <doTry>
            <to uri="rnc:org/apache/camel/component/validator/jing/schema.rnc"/>
            <to uri="mock:valid"/>

            <doCatch>
                <exception>org.apache.camel.ValidationException</exception>
                <to uri="mock:invalid"/>
            </doCatch>
            <doFinally>
                <to uri="mock:finally"/>
            </doFinally>
        </doTry>
    </route>
</camelContext>

See Also

JMS Component

Using ActiveMQ
If you are using Apache ActiveMQ, you should prefer the ActiveMQ component as it has been optimized for ActiveMQ. All of the options and samples on this page are also valid for the ActiveMQ component.
Transacted and caching
See section Transactions and Cache Levels below if you are using transactions with JMS as it can impact performance.

The JMS component allows messages to be sent to (or consumed from) a JMS Queue or Topic. The implementation of the JMS Component uses Spring's JMS support for declarative transactions, using Spring's JmsTemplate for sending and a MessageListenerContainer for consuming.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-jms</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

jms:[queue:|topic:]destinationName[?options]

Where destinationName is a JMS queue or topic name. By default, the destinationName is interpreted as a queue name. For example, to connect to the queue, FOO.BAR use:

jms:FOO.BAR

You can include the optional queue: prefix, if you prefer:

jms:queue:FOO.BAR

To connect to a topic, you must include the topic: prefix. For example, to
connect to the topic, Stocks.Prices, use:

jms:topic:Stocks.Prices

You append query options to the URI using the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Notes

Using ActiveMQ

The JMS component reuses Spring 2's JmsTemplate for sending messages. This is not ideal for use in a non-J2EE container and typically requires some caching in the JMS provider to avoid poor performance.

If you intend to use Apache ActiveMQ as your Message Broker - which is a good choice as ActiveMQ rocks , then we recommend that you either:

  • Use the ActiveMQ component, which is already optimized to use ActiveMQ efficiently
  • Use the PoolingConnectionFactory in ActiveMQ.

Transactions and Cache Levels


If you are consuming messages and using transactions (transacted=true) then the default settings for cache level can impact performance.
If you are using XA transactions then you cannot cache as it can cause the XA transaction to not work properly.

If you are not using XA, then you should consider caching as it speeds up performance, such as setting cacheLevelName=CACHE_CONSUMER.

Through Camel 2.7.x, the default setting for cacheLevelName is CACHE_CONSUMER. You will need to explicitly set cacheLevelName=CACHE_NONE.
In Camel 2.8 onwards, the default setting for cacheLevelName is CACHE_AUTO. This default auto detects the mode and sets the cache level accordingly to:

  • CACHE_CONSUMER = if transacted=false
  • CACHE_NONE = if transacted=true

So you can say the default setting is conservative. Consider using cacheLevelName=CACHE_CONSUMER if you are using non-XA transactions.

Durable Subscriptions

If you wish to use durable topic subscriptions, you need to specify both clientId and durableSubscriptionName. The value of the clientId must be unique and can only be used by a single JMS connection instance in your entire network. You may prefer to use Virtual Topics instead to avoid this limitation. More background on durable messaging here.

Message Header Mapping

When using message headers, the JMS specification states that header names must be valid Java identifiers. So, by default, Camel ignores any headers that do not match this rule. So try to name your headers as if they are valid Java identifiers. One benefit of doing this is that you can then use your headers inside a JMS Selector (whose SQL92 syntax mandates Java identifier syntax for headers).

A simple strategy for mapping header names is used by default. The strategy is to replace any dots and hyphens in the header name as shown below and to reverse the replacement when the header name is restored from a JMS message sent over the wire. What does this mean? No more losing method names to invoke on a bean component, no more losing the filename header for the File Component, and so on.

The current header name strategy for accepting header names in Camel is as follows:

  • Dots are replaced by _DOT_ and the replacement is reversed when Camel consume the message
  • Hyphen is replaced by _HYPHEN_ and the replacement is reversed when Camel consumes the message
  • Test if the name is a valid java identifier using the JDK core classes.
  • If the test is successful, the header is added and sent over the wire; otherwise it is dropped (and logged at DEBUG level).

Options

You can configure many different properties on the JMS endpoint which map to properties on the JMSConfiguration POJO.

Mapping to Spring JMS
Many of these properties map to properties on Spring JMS, which Camel uses for sending and receiving messages. So you can get more information about these properties by consulting the relevant Spring documentation.

The options are divided into two tables, the first one with the most common options used. The latter contains the rest.

Most commonly used options

Option Default Value Description
clientId null Sets the JMS client ID to use. Note that this value, if specified, must be unique and can only be used by a single JMS connection instance. It is typically only required for durable topic subscriptions. You may prefer to use Virtual Topics instead.
concurrentConsumers 1 Specifies the default number of concurrent consumers.
disableReplyTo false If true, a producer will behave like a InOnly exchange with the exception that JMSReplyTo header is sent out and not be suppressed like in the case of InOnly. Like InOnly the producer will not wait for a reply. A consumer with this flag will behave like InOnly. This feature can be used to bridge InOut requests to another queue so that a route on the other queue will send it´s response directly back to the original JMSReplyTo.
durableSubscriptionName null The durable subscriber name for specifying durable topic subscriptions. The clientId option must be configured as well.
maxConcurrentConsumers 1 Specifies the maximum number of concurrent consumers.
preserveMessageQos false Set to true, if you want to send message using the QoS settings specified on the message, instead of the QoS settings on the JMS endpoint. The following three headers are considered JMSPriority, JMSDeliveryMode, and JMSExpiration. You can provide all or only some of them. If not provided, Camel will fall back to use the values from the endpoint instead. So, when using this option, the headers override the values from the endpoint. The explicitQosEnabled option, by contrast, will only use options set on the endpoint, and not values from the message header.
replyTo null Provides an explicit ReplyTo destination, which overrides any incoming value of Message.getJMSReplyTo(). If you do Request Reply over JMS then read the section further below for more details.
replyToType null Camel 2.9: Allows for explicitly specifying which kind of strategy to use for replyTo queues when doing request/reply over JMS. Possible values are: Temporary, Shared, or Exclusive. By default Camel will use temporary queues. However if replyTo has been configured, then Shared is used by default. This option allows you to use exclusive queues instead of shared ones. See further below for more details, and especially the notes about the implications if running in a clustered environment.
requestTimeout 20000 Producer only: The timeout for waiting for a reply when using the InOut Exchange Pattern (in milliseconds). The default is 20 seconds. See below in section About time to live for more details. See also the requestTimeoutCheckerInterval option.
selector null Sets the JMS Selector, which is an SQL 92 predicate that is used to filter messages within the broker. You may have to encode special characters such as = as %3D Before Camel 2.3.0, we don't support this option in CamelConsumerTemplate
timeToLive null When sending messages, specifies the time-to-live of the message (in milliseconds). See below in section About time to live for more details.
transacted false Specifies whether to use transacted mode for sending/receiving messages using the InOnly Exchange Pattern.
testConnectionOnStartup false Camel 2.1: Specifies whether to test the connection on startup. This ensures that when Camel starts that all the JMS consumers have a valid connection to the JMS broker. If a connection cannot be granted then Camel throws an exception on startup. This ensures that Camel is not started with failed connections. From Camel 2.8 onwards also the JMS producers is tested as well.

All the other options

Option Default Value Description
acceptMessagesWhileStopping false Specifies whether the consumer accept messages while it is stopping. You may consider enabling this option, if you start and stop JMS routes at runtime, while there are still messages enqued on the queue. If this option is false, and you stop the JMS route, then messages may be rejected, and the JMS broker would have to attempt redeliveries, which yet again may be rejected, and eventually the message may be moved at a dead letter queue on the JMS broker. To avoid this its recommended to enable this option.
acknowledgementModeName AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE The JMS acknowledgement name, which is one of: TRANSACTED, CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE, AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE, DUPS_OK_ACKNOWLEDGE
acknowledgementMode -1 The JMS acknowledgement mode defined as an Integer. Allows you to set vendor-specific extensions to the acknowledgment mode. For the regular modes, it is preferable to use the acknowledgementModeName instead.
alwaysCopyMessage false If true, Camel will always make a JMS message copy of the message when it is passed to the producer for sending. Copying the message is needed in some situations, such as when a replyToDestinationSelectorName is set (incidentally, Camel will set the alwaysCopyMessage option to true, if a replyToDestinationSelectorName is set)
asyncConsumer false Camel 2.9: Whether the JmsConsumer processes the Exchange asynchronously. If enabled then the JmsConsumer may pickup the next message from the JMS queue, while the previous message is being processed asynchronously (by the Asynchronous Routing Engine). This means that messages may be processed not 100% strictly in order. If disabled (as default) then the Exchange is fully processed before the JmsConsumer will pickup the next message from the JMS queue. Note if transacted has been enabled, then asyncConsumer=true does not run asynchronously, as transactions must be executed synchronously (Camel 3.0 may support async transactions).
asyncStartListener false Camel 2.10: Whether to startup the JmsConsumer message listener asynchronously, when starting a route. For example if a JmsConsumer cannot get a connection to a remote JMS broker, then it may block while retrying and/or failover. This will cause Camel to block while starting routes. By setting this option to true, you will let routes startup, while the JmsConsumer connects to the JMS broker using a dedicated thread in asynchronous mode. If this option is used, then beware that if the connection could not be established, then an exception is logged at WARN level, and the consumer will not be able to receive messages; You can then restart the route to retry.
asyncStopListener false Camel 2.10: Whether to stop the JmsConsumer message listener asynchronously, when stopping a route.
autoStartup true Specifies whether the consumer container should auto-startup.
cacheLevelName
Sets the cache level by name for the underlying JMS resources. Possible values are: CACHE_AUTO, CACHE_CONNECTION, CACHE_CONSUMER, CACHE_NONE, and CACHE_SESSION. The default setting for Camel 2.8 and newer is CACHE_AUTO. For Camel 2.7.1 and older the default is CACHE_CONSUMER. See the Spring documentation and Transactions Cache Levels for more information.
cacheLevel
Sets the cache level by ID for the underlying JMS resources. See cacheLevelName option for more details.
consumerType Default The consumer type to use, which can be one of: Simple or Default. The consumer type determines which Spring JMS listener to use. Default will use org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer, Simple will use org.springframework.jms.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer. This option was temporary removed in Camel 2.7 and 2.8. But has been added back from Camel 2.9 onwards.
connectionFactory null The default JMS connection factory to use for the listenerConnectionFactory and templateConnectionFactory, if neither is specified.
deliveryPersistent true Specifies whether persistent delivery is used by default.
destination null Specifies the JMS Destination object to use on this endpoint.
destinationName null Specifies the JMS destination name to use on this endpoint.
destinationResolver null A pluggable org.springframework.jms.support.destination.DestinationResolver that allows you to use your own resolver (for example, to lookup the real destination in a JNDI registry).
disableTimeToLive false Camel 2.8: Use this option to force disabling time to live. For example when you do request/reply over JMS, then Camel will by default use the requestTimeout value as time to live on the message being sent. The problem is that the sender and receiver systems have to have their clocks synchronized, so they are in sync. This is not always so easy to archive. So you can use disableTimeToLive=true to not set a time to live value on the sent message. Then the message will not expire on the receiver system. See below in section About time to live for more details.
eagerLoadingOfProperties false Enables eager loading of JMS properties as soon as a message is received, which is generally inefficient, because the JMS properties might not be required. But this feature can sometimes catch early any issues with the underlying JMS provider and the use of JMS properties. This feature can also be used for testing purposes, to ensure JMS properties can be understood and handled correctly.
exceptionListener null Specifies the JMS Exception Listener that is to be notified of any underlying JMS exceptions.
errorHandler null Camel 2.8.2, 2.9: Specifies a org.springframework.util.ErrorHandler to be invoked in case of any uncaught exceptions thrown while processing a Message. By default these exceptions will be logged at the WARN level, if no errorHandler has been configured. From Camel 2.9.1: onwards you can configure logging level and whether stack traces should be logged using the below two options. This makes it much easier to configure, than having to code a custom errorHandler.
errorHandlerLoggingLevel WARN Camel 2.9.1: Allows to configure the default errorHandler logging level for logging uncaught exceptions.
errorHandlerLogStackTrace true Camel 2.9.1: Allows to control whether stacktraces should be logged or not, by the default errorHandler.
explicitQosEnabled false Set if the deliveryMode, priority or timeToLive qualities of service should be used when sending messages. This option is based on Spring's JmsTemplate. The deliveryMode, priority and timeToLive options are applied to the current endpoint. This contrasts with the preserveMessageQos option, which operates at message granularity, reading QoS properties exclusively from the Camel In message headers.
exposeListenerSession true Specifies whether the listener session should be exposed when consuming messages.
forceSendOriginalMessage false Camel 2.7: When using mapJmsMessage=false Camel will create a new JMS message to send to a new JMS destination if you touch the headers (get or set) during the route. Set this option to true to force Camel to send the original JMS message that was received.
idleTaskExecutionLimit 1 Specifies the limit for idle executions of a receive task, not having received any message within its execution. If this limit is reached, the task will shut down and leave receiving to other executing tasks (in the case of dynamic scheduling; see the maxConcurrentConsumers setting).
idleConsumerLimit 1 Camel 2.8.2, 2.9: Specify the limit for the number of consumers that are allowed to be idle at any given time.
jmsMessageType null Allows you to force the use of a specific javax.jms.Message implementation for sending JMS messages. Possible values are: Bytes, Map, Object, Stream, Text. By default, Camel would determine which JMS message type to use from the In body type. This option allows you to specify it.
jmsKeyFormatStrategy default Pluggable strategy for encoding and decoding JMS keys so they can be compliant with the JMS specification. Camel provides two implementations out of the box: default and passthrough. The default strategy will safely marshal dots and hyphens (. and -). The passthrough strategy leaves the key as is. Can be used for JMS brokers which do not care whether JMS header keys contain illegal characters. You can provide your own implementation of the org.apache.camel.component.jms.JmsKeyFormatStrategy and refer to it using the # notation.
jmsOperations null Allows you to use your own implementation of the org.springframework.jms.core.JmsOperations interface. Camel uses JmsTemplate as default. Can be used for testing purpose, but not used much as stated in the spring API docs.
lazyCreateTransactionManager true If true, Camel will create a JmsTransactionManager, if there is no transactionManager injected when option transacted=true.
listenerConnectionFactory null The JMS connection factory used for consuming messages.
mapJmsMessage true Specifies whether Camel should auto map the received JMS message to an appropiate payload type, such as javax.jms.TextMessage to a String etc. See section about how mapping works below for more details.
maxMessagesPerTask -1 The number of messages per task. -1 is unlimited.
maximumBrowseSize -1 Limits the number of messages fetched at most, when browsing endpoints using Browse or JMX API.
messageConverter null To use a custom Spring org.springframework.jms.support.converter.MessageConverter so you can be 100% in control how to map to/from a javax.jms.Message.
messageIdEnabled true When sending, specifies whether message IDs should be added.
messageTimestampEnabled true Specifies whether timestamps should be enabled by default on sending messages.
password null The password for the connector factory.
priority 4 Values greater than 1 specify the message priority when sending (where 0 is the lowest priority and 9 is the highest). The explicitQosEnabled option must also be enabled in order for this option to have any effect.
pubSubNoLocal false Specifies whether to inhibit the delivery of messages published by its own connection.
receiveTimeout None The timeout for receiving messages (in milliseconds).
recoveryInterval 5000 Specifies the interval between recovery attempts, i.e. when a connection is being refreshed, in milliseconds. The default is 5000 ms, that is, 5 seconds.
replyManagerExecutorService
Allows you to configure an explicit ScheduledExeuctorService to be used for processing timed out exchanges when doing request/reply over JMS. By default a single threaded pool is used. If you expect many timeouts when doing request/reply you can process the timedout exchanges using concurrency by configuring a thread pool which has a higher number of threads. See Threading Model for how to configure thread pools. See also the requestTimeout which is the timeout value for request/reply.
replyToCacheLevelName
Camel 2.9.1: Sets the cache level by name for the reply consumer when doing request/reply over JMS. This option only applies when using fixed reply queues (not temporary). Camel will by default use: CACHE_CONSUMER for exclusive or shared w/ replyToSelectorName. And CACHE_SESSION for shared without replyToSelectorName. Some JMS brokers such as IBM WebSphere may require to set the replyToCacheLevelName=CACHE_NONE to work.
replyToDestinationSelectorName null Sets the JMS Selector using the fixed name to be used so you can filter out your own replies from the others when using a shared queue (that is, if you are not using a temporary reply queue).
replyToDeliveryPersistent true Specifies whether to use persistent delivery by default for replies.
requestTimeoutCheckerInterval 1000 Camel 2.9.2: Configures how often Camel should check for timed out Exchanges when doing request/reply over JMS.By default Camel checks once per second. But if you must react faster when a timeout occurs, then you can lower this interval, to check more frequently. The timeout is determined by the option requestTimeout.
subscriptionDurable false @deprecated: Enabled by default, if you specify a durableSubscriberName and a clientId.
taskExecutor null Allows you to specify a custom task executor for consuming messages.
taskExecutorSpring2 null Camel 2.6: To use when using Spring 2.x with Camel. Allows you to specify a custom task executor for consuming messages.
templateConnectionFactory null The JMS connection factory used for sending messages.
transactedInOut false @deprecated: Specifies whether to use transacted mode for sending messages using the InOut Exchange Pattern. Applies only to producer endpoints. See section Enabling Transacted Consumption for more details.
transactionManager null The Spring transaction manager to use.
transactionName "JmsConsumer[destinationName]" The name of the transaction to use.
transactionTimeout null The timeout value of the transaction, if using transacted mode.
transferException false If enabled and you are using Request Reply messaging (InOut) and an Exchange failed on the consumer side, then the caused Exception will be send back in response as a javax.jms.ObjectMessage. If the client is Camel, the returned Exception is rethrown. This allows you to use Camel JMS as a bridge in your routing - for example, using persistent queues to enable robust routing. Notice that if you also have transferExchange enabled, this option takes precedence. The caught exception is required to be serializable. The original Exception on the consumer side can be wrapped in an outer exception such as org.apache.camel.RuntimeCamelException when returned to the producer.
transferExchange false You can transfer the exchange over the wire instead of just the body and headers. The following fields are transferred: In body, Out body, Fault body, In headers, Out headers, Fault headers, exchange properties, exchange exception. This requires that the objects are serializable. Camel will exclude any non-serializable objects and log it at WARN level.
username null The username for the connector factory.
useMessageIDAsCorrelationID false Specifies whether JMSMessageID should always be used as JMSCorrelationID for InOut messages.
useVersion102 false @deprecated (removed from Camel 2.5 onwards): Specifies whether the old JMS API should be used.

Message Mapping between JMS and Camel

Camel automatically maps messages between javax.jms.Message and org.apache.camel.Message.

When sending a JMS message, Camel converts the message body to the following JMS message types:

Body Type JMS Message Comment
String javax.jms.TextMessage  
org.w3c.dom.Node javax.jms.TextMessage The DOM will be converted to String.
Map javax.jms.MapMessage  
java.io.Serializable javax.jms.ObjectMessage  
byte[] javax.jms.BytesMessage  
java.io.File javax.jms.BytesMessage  
java.io.Reader javax.jms.BytesMessage  
java.io.InputStream javax.jms.BytesMessage  
java.nio.ByteBuffer javax.jms.BytesMessage  

When receiving a JMS message, Camel converts the JMS message to the following body type:

JMS Message Body Type
javax.jms.TextMessage String
javax.jms.BytesMessage byte[]
javax.jms.MapMessage Map<String, Object>
javax.jms.ObjectMessage Object

Disabling auto-mapping of JMS messages

You can use the mapJmsMessage option to disable the auto-mapping above. If disabled, Camel will not try to map the received JMS message, but instead uses it directly as the payload. This allows you to avoid the overhead of mapping and let Camel just pass through the JMS message. For instance, it even allows you to route javax.jms.ObjectMessage JMS messages with classes you do not have on the classpath.

Using a custom MessageConverter

You can use the messageConverter option to do the mapping yourself in a Spring org.springframework.jms.support.converter.MessageConverter class.

For example, in the route below we use a custom message converter when sending a message to the JMS order queue:

  from("file://inbox/order").to("jms:queue:order?messageConverter=#myMessageConverter");

You can also use a custom message converter when consuming from a JMS destination.

Controlling the mapping strategy selected

You can use the jmsMessageType option on the endpoint URL to force a specific message type for all messages.
In the route below, we poll files from a folder and send them as javax.jms.TextMessage as we have forced the JMS producer endpoint to use text messages:

  from("file://inbox/order").to("jms:queue:order?jmsMessageType=Text");

You can also specify the message type to use for each messabe by setting the header with the key CamelJmsMessageType. For example:

  from("file://inbox/order").setHeader("CamelJmsMessageType", JmsMessageType.Text).to("jms:queue:order");

The possible values are defined in the enum class, org.apache.camel.jms.JmsMessageType.

Message format when sending

The exchange that is sent over the JMS wire must conform to the JMS Message spec.

For the exchange.in.header the following rules apply for the header keys:

  • Keys starting with JMS or JMSX are reserved.
  • exchange.in.headers keys must be literals and all be valid Java identifiers (do not use dots in the key name).
  • Camel replaces dots & hyphens and the reverse when when consuming JMS messages:
    . is replaced by _DOT_ and the reverse replacement when Camel consumes the message.
    - is replaced by _HYPHEN_ and the reverse replacement when Camel consumes the message.
  • See also the option jmsKeyFormatStrategy, which allows use of your own custom strategy for formatting keys.

For the exchange.in.header, the following rules apply for the header values:

  • The values must be primitives or their counter objects (such as Integer, Long, Character). The types, String, CharSequence, Date, BigDecimal and BigInteger are all converted to their toString() representation. All other types are dropped.

Camel will log with category org.apache.camel.component.jms.JmsBinding at DEBUG level if it drops a given header value. For example:

2008-07-09 06:43:04,046 [main           ] DEBUG JmsBinding  
  - Ignoring non primitive header: order of class: org.apache.camel.component.jms.issues.DummyOrder with value: DummyOrder{orderId=333, itemId=4444, quantity=2}

Message format when receiving

Camel adds the following properties to the Exchange when it receives a message:

Property Type Description
org.apache.camel.jms.replyDestination javax.jms.Destination The reply destination.

Camel adds the following JMS properties to the In message headers when it receives a JMS message:

Header Type Description
JMSCorrelationID String The JMS correlation ID.
JMSDeliveryMode int The JMS delivery mode.
JMSDestination javax.jms.Destination The JMS destination.
JMSExpiration long The JMS expiration.
JMSMessageID String The JMS unique message ID.
JMSPriority int The JMS priority (with 0 as the lowest priority and 9 as the highest).
JMSRedelivered boolean Is the JMS message redelivered.
JMSReplyTo javax.jms.Destination The JMS reply-to destination.
JMSTimestamp long The JMS timestamp.
JMSType String The JMS type.
JMSXGroupID String The JMS group ID.

As all the above information is standard JMS you can check the JMS documentation for further details.

About using Camel to send and receive messages and JMSReplyTo

The JMS component is complex and you have to pay close attention to how it works in some cases. So this is a short summary of some of the areas/pitfalls to look for.

When Camel sends a message using its JMSProducer, it checks the following conditions:

  • The message exchange pattern,
  • Whether a JMSReplyTo was set in the endpoint or in the message headers,
  • Whether any of the following options have been set on the JMS endpoint: disableReplyTo, preserveMessageQos, explicitQosEnabled.

All this can be a tad complex to understand and configure to support your use case.

JmsProducer

The JmsProducer behaves as follows, depending on configuration:

Exchange Pattern Other options Description
InOut - Camel will expect a reply, set a temporary JMSReplyTo, and after sending the message, it will start to listen for the reply message on the temporary queue.
InOut JMSReplyTo is set Camel will expect a reply and, after sending the message, it will start to listen for the reply message on the specified JMSReplyTo queue.
InOnly - Camel will send the message and not expect a reply.
InOnly JMSReplyTo is set By default, Camel discards the JMSReplyTo destination and clears the JMSReplyTo header before sending the message. Camel then sends the message and does not expect a reply. Camel logs this in the log at WARN level (changed to DEBUG level from Camel 2.6 onwards. You can use preserveMessageQuo=true to instruct Camel to keep the JMSReplyTo. In all situations the JmsProducer does not expect any reply and thus continue after sending the message.

JmsConsumer

The JmsConsumer behaves as follows, depending on configuration:

Exchange Pattern Other options Description
InOut - Camel will send the reply back to the JMSReplyTo queue.
InOnly - Camel will not send a reply back, as the pattern is InOnly.
- disableReplyTo=true This option suppresses replies.

So pay attention to the message exchange pattern set on your exchanges.

If you send a message to a JMS destination in the middle of your route you can specify the exchange pattern to use, see more at Request Reply.
This is useful if you want to send an InOnly message to a JMS topic:

from("activemq:queue:in")
   .to("bean:validateOrder")
   .to(ExchangePattern.InOnly, "activemq:topic:order")
   .to("bean:handleOrder");

Reuse endpoint and send to different destinations computed at runtime

If you need to send messages to a lot of different JMS destinations, it makes sense to reuse a JMS endpoint and specify the real destination in a message header. This allows Camel to reuse the same endpoint, but send to different destinations. This greatly reduces the number of endpoints created and economizes on memory and thread resources.

You can specify the destination in the following headers:

Header Type Description
CamelJmsDestination javax.jms.Destination A destination object.
CamelJmsDestinationName String The destination name.

For example, the following route shows how you can compute a destination at run time and use it to override the destination appearing in the JMS URL:

from("file://inbox")
  .to("bean:computeDestination")
  .to("activemq:queue:dummy");

The queue name, dummy, is just a placeholder. It must be provided as part of the JMS endpoint URL, but it will be ignored in this example.

In the computeDestination bean, specify the real destination by setting the CamelJmsDestinationName header as follows:

public void setJmsHeader(Exchange exchange) {
   String id = ....
   exchange.getIn().setHeader("CamelJmsDestinationName", "order:" + id");
}

Then Camel will read this header and use it as the destination instead of the one configured on the endpoint. So, in this example Camel sends the message to activemq:queue:order:2, assuming the id value was 2.

If both the CamelJmsDestination and the CamelJmsDestinationName headers are set, CamelJmsDestination takes priority.

Configuring different JMS providers

You can configure your JMS provider in Spring XML as follows:

<camelContext id="camel" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <jmxAgent id="agent" disabled="true"/>
</camelContext>

<bean id="activemq" class="org.apache.activemq.camel.component.ActiveMQComponent">
  <property name="connectionFactory">
    <bean class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
      <property name="brokerURL" value="vm://localhost?broker.persistent=false&amp;broker.useJmx=false"/>
    </bean>
  </property>
</bean>

Basically, you can configure as many JMS component instances as you wish and give them a unique name using the id attribute. The preceding example configures an activemq component. You could do the same to configure MQSeries, TibCo, BEA, Sonic and so on.

Once you have a named JMS component, you can then refer to endpoints within that component using URIs. For example for the component name, activemq, you can then refer to destinations using the URI format, activemq:[queue:|topic:]destinationName. You can use the same approach for all other JMS providers.

This works by the SpringCamelContext lazily fetching components from the spring context for the scheme name you use for Endpoint URIs and having the Component resolve the endpoint URIs.

Using JNDI to find the ConnectionFactory

If you are using a J2EE container, you might need to look up JNDI to find the JMS ConnectionFactory rather than use the usual <bean> mechanism in Spring. You can do this using Spring's factory bean or the new Spring XML namespace. For example:

<bean id="weblogic" class="org.apache.camel.component.jms.JmsComponent">
  <property name="connectionFactory" ref="myConnectionFactory"/>
</bean>

<jee:jndi-lookup id="myConnectionFactory" jndi-name="jms/connectionFactory"/>

See The jee schema in the Spring reference documentation for more details about JNDI lookup.

Concurrent Consuming

A common requirement with JMS is to consume messages concurrently in multiple threads in order to make an application more responsive. You can set the concurrentConsumers option to specify the number of threads servicing the JMS endpoint, as follows:

from("jms:SomeQueue?concurrentConsumers=20").
  bean(MyClass.class);

You can configure this option in one of the following ways:

  • On the JmsComponent,
  • On the endpoint URI or,
  • By invoking setConcurrentConsumers() directly on the JmsEndpoint.

Request-reply over JMS

Camel supports Request Reply over JMS. In essence the MEP of the Exchange should be InOut when you send a message to a JMS queue.
The JmsProducer detects the InOut and provides a JMSReplyTo header with the reply destination to be used. By default Camel uses a temporary queue, but you can use the replyTo option on the endpoint to specify a fixed reply queue (see more below about fixed reply queue).

Camel will automatic setup a consumer which listen on the reply queue, so you should not do anything.
This consumer is a Spring DefaultMessageListenerContainer which listen for replies. However it's fixed to 1 concurrent consumer.
That means replies will be processed in sequence as there are only 1 thread to process the replies. If you want to process replies faster, then we need to use concurrency. But not using the concurrentConsumer option. We should use the threads from the Camel DSL instead, as shown in the route below:

from(xxx)
.inOut().to("activemq:queue:foo")
.threads(5)
.to(yyy)
.to(zzz);

In this route we instruct Camel to route replies asynchronously using a thread pool with 5 threads.

Request-reply over JMS and using a shared fixed reply queue

If you use a fixed reply queue when doing Request Reply over JMS as shown in the example below, then pay attention.

from(xxx)
.inOut().to("activemq:queue:foo?replyTo=bar")
.to(yyy)

In this example the fixed reply queue named "bar" is used. By default Camel assumes the queue is shared when using fixed reply queues, and therefore it uses a JMSSelector to only pickup the expected reply messages (eg based on the JMSCorrelationID). See next section for exclusive fixed reply queues. That means its not as fast as temporary queues. You can speedup how often Camel will pull for reply messages using the receiveTimeout option. By default its 1000 millis. So to make it faster you can set it to 250 millis to pull 4 times per second as shown:

from(xxx)
.inOut().to("activemq:queue:foo?replyTo=bar&receiveTimeout=250")
.to(yyy)

Notice this will cause the Camel to send pull requests to the message broker more frequent, and thus require more network traffic.
It is generally recommended to use temporary queues if possible.

Request-reply over JMS and using an exclusive fixed reply queue

Available as of Camel 2.9

In the previous example, Camel would anticipate the fixed reply queue named "bar" was shared, and thus it uses a JMSSelector to only consume reply messages which it expects. However there is a drawback doing this as JMS selectos is slower. Also the consumer on the reply queue is slower to update with new JMS selector ids. In fact it only updates when the receiveTimeout option times out, which by default is 1 second. So in theory the reply messages could take up till about 1 sec to be detected. On the other hand if the fixed reply queue is exclusive to the Camel reply consumer, then we can avoid using the JMS selectors, and thus be more performant. In fact as fast as using temporary queues. So in Camel 2.9 onwards we introduced the ReplyToType option which you can configure to Exclusive
to tell Camel that the reply queue is exclusive as shown in the example below:

from(xxx)
.inOut().to("activemq:queue:foo?replyTo=bar&replyToType=Exclusive")
.to(yyy)

Mind that the queue must be exclusive to each and every endpoint. So if you have two routes, then they each need an unique reply queue as shown in the next example:

from(xxx)
.inOut().to("activemq:queue:foo?replyTo=bar&replyToType=Exclusive")
.to(yyy)

from(aaa)
.inOut().to("activemq:queue:order?replyTo=order.reply&replyToType=Exclusive")
.to(bbb)

The same applies if you run in a clustered environment. Then each node in the cluster must use an unique reply queue name. As otherwise each node in the cluster may pickup messages which was intended as a reply on another node. For clustered environments its recommended to use shared reply queues instead.

Synchronizing clocks between senders and receivers

When doing messaging between systems, its desirable that the systems have synchronized clocks. For example when sending a JMS message, then you can set a time to live value on the message. Then the receiver can inspect this value, and determine if the message is already expired, and thus drop the message instead of consume and process it. However this requires that both sender and receiver have synchronized clocks. If you are using ActiveMQ then you can use the timestamp plugin to synchronize clocks.

About time to live

Read first above about synchronized clocks.

When you do request/reply (InOut) over JMS with Camel then Camel uses a timeout on the sender side, which is default 20 seconds from the requestTimeout option. You can control this by setting a higher/lower value. However the time to live value is still set on the JMS message being send. So that requires the clocks to be synchronized between the systems. If they are not, then you may want to disable the time to live value being set. This is now possible using the disableTimeToLive option from Camel 2.8 onwards. So if you set this option to disableTimeToLive=true, then Camel does not set any time to live value when sending JMS messages. But the request timeout is still active. So for example if you do request/reply over JMS and have disabled time to live, then Camel will still use a timeout by 20 seconds (the requestTimeout option). That option can of course also be configured. So the two options requestTimeout and disableTimeToLive gives you fine grained control when doing request/reply.

When you do fire and forget (InOut) over JMS with Camel then Camel by default does not set any time to live value on the message. You can configure a value by using the timeToLive option. For example to indicate a 5 sec., you set timeToLive=5000. The option disableTimeToLive can be used to force disabling the time to live, also for InOnly messaging. The requestTimeout option is not being used for InOnly messaging.

Enabling Transacted Consumption

A common requirement is to consume from a queue in a transaction and then process the message using the Camel route. To do this, just ensure that you set the following properties on the component/endpoint:

  • transacted = true
  • transactionManager = a Transsaction Manager - typically the JmsTransactionManager

See the Transactional Client EIP pattern for further details.

Transactions and Request Reply over JMS
When using Request Reply over JMS you cannot use a single transaction; JMS will not send any messages until a commit is performed, so the server side won't receive anything at all until the transaction commits. Therefore to use Request Reply you must commit a transaction after sending the request and then use a separate transaction for receiving the response.

To address this issue the JMS component uses different properties to specify transaction use for oneway messaging and request reply messaging:

The transacted property applies only to the InOnly message Exchange Pattern (MEP).

The transactedInOut property applies to the InOut(Request Reply) message Exchange Pattern (MEP).

If you want to use transactions for Request Reply(InOut MEP), you must set transactedInOut=true.

Using JMSReplyTo for late replies

When using Camel as a JMS listener, it sets an Exchange property with the value of the ReplyTo javax.jms.Destination object, having the key ReplyTo. You can obtain this Destination as follows:

Destination replyDestination = exchange.getIn().getHeader(JmsConstants.JMS_REPLY_DESTINATION, Destination.class);

And then later use it to send a reply using regular JMS or Camel.

    // we need to pass in the JMS component, and in this sample we use ActiveMQ
    JmsEndpoint endpoint = JmsEndpoint.newInstance(replyDestination, activeMQComponent);
    // now we have the endpoint we can use regular Camel API to send a message to it
    template.sendBody(endpoint, "Here is the late reply.");

A different solution to sending a reply is to provide the replyDestination object in the same Exchange property when sending. Camel will then pick up this property and use it for the real destination. The endpoint URI must include a dummy destination, however. For example:

    // we pretend to send it to some non existing dummy queue
    template.send("activemq:queue:dummy, new Processor() {
        public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
            // and here we override the destination with the ReplyTo destination object so the message is sent to there instead of dummy
            exchange.getIn().setHeader(JmsConstants.JMS_DESTINATION, replyDestination);
            exchange.getIn().setBody("Here is the late reply.");
        }
    }

Using a request timeout

In the sample below we send a Request Reply style message Exchange (we use the requestBody method = InOut) to the slow queue for further processing in Camel and we wait for a return reply:

// send a in-out with a timeout for 5 sec
Object out = template.requestBody("activemq:queue:slow?requestTimeout=5000", "Hello World");

Samples

JMS is used in many examples for other components as well. But we provide a few samples below to get started.

Receiving from JMS

In the following sample we configure a route that receives JMS messages and routes the message to a POJO:

   from("jms:queue:foo").
     to("bean:myBusinessLogic");

You can of course use any of the EIP patterns so the route can be context based. For example, here's how to filter an order topic for the big spenders:

from("jms:topic:OrdersTopic").
  filter().method("myBean", "isGoldCustomer").
    to("jms:queue:BigSpendersQueue");

Sending to a JMS

In the sample below we poll a file folder and send the file content to a JMS topic. As we want the content of the file as a TextMessage instead of a BytesMessage, we need to convert the body to a String:

from("file://orders").
  convertBodyTo(String.class).
  to("jms:topic:OrdersTopic");

Using Annotations

Camel also has annotations so you can use POJO Consuming and POJO Producing.

Spring DSL sample

The preceding examples use the Java DSL. Camel also supports Spring XML DSL. Here is the big spender sample using Spring DSL:

<route>
  <from uri="jms:topic:OrdersTopic"/>
  <filter>
    <method bean="myBean" method="isGoldCustomer"/>
    <to uri="jms:queue:BigSpendersQueue"/>
  </filter>
</route>

Other samples

JMS appears in many of the examples for other components and EIP patterns, as well in this Camel documentation. So feel free to browse the documentation. If you have time, check out the this tutorial that uses JMS but focuses on how well Spring Remoting and Camel works together Tutorial-JmsRemoting.

Using JMS as a Dead Letter Queue storing Exchange

Normally, when using JMS as the transport, it only transfers the body and headers as the payload. If you want to use JMS with a Dead Letter Channel, using a JMS queue as the Dead Letter Queue, then normally the caused Exception is not stored in the JMS message. You can, however, use the transferExchange option on the JMS dead letter queue to instruct Camel to store the entire Exchange in the queue as a javax.jms.ObjectMessage that holds a org.apache.camel.impl.DefaultExchangeHolder. This allows you to consume from the Dead Letter Queue and retrieve the caused exception from the Exchange property with the key Exchange.EXCEPTION_CAUGHT. The demo below illustrates this:

// setup error handler to use JMS as queue and store the entire Exchange
errorHandler(deadLetterChannel("jms:queue:dead?transferExchange=true"));

Then you can consume from the JMS queue and analyze the problem:

from("jms:queue:dead").to("bean:myErrorAnalyzer");

// and in our bean
String body = exchange.getIn().getBody();
Exception cause = exchange.getProperty(Exchange.EXCEPTION_CAUGHT, Exception.class);
// the cause message is
String problem = cause.getMessage();

Using JMS as a Dead Letter Channel storing error only

You can use JMS to store the cause error message or to store a custom body, which you can initialize yourself. The following example uses the Message Translator EIP to do a transformation on the failed exchange before it is moved to the JMS dead letter queue:

// we sent it to a seda dead queue first
errorHandler(deadLetterChannel("seda:dead"));

// and on the seda dead queue we can do the custom transformation before its sent to the JMS queue
from("seda:dead").transform(exceptionMessage()).to("jms:queue:dead");

Here we only store the original cause error message in the transform. You can, however, use any Expression to send whatever you like. For example, you can invoke a method on a Bean or use a custom processor.

Sending an InOnly message and keeping the JMSReplyTo header

When sending to a JMS destination using camel-jms the producer will use the MEP to detect if its InOnly or InOut messaging. However there can be times where you want to send an InOnly message but keeping the JMSReplyTo header. To do so you have to instruct Camel to keep it, otherwise the JMSReplyTo header will be dropped.

For example to send an InOnly message to the foo queue, but with a JMSReplyTo with bar queue you can do as follows:

        template.send("activemq:queue:foo?preserveMessageQos=true", new Processor() {
            public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
                exchange.getIn().setBody("World");
                exchange.getIn().setHeader("JMSReplyTo", "bar");
            }
        });

Notice we use preserveMessageQos=true to instruct Camel to keep the JMSReplyTo header.

Setting JMS provider options on the destination

Some JMS providers, like IBM's WebSphere MQ need options to be set on the JMS destination. For example, you may need to specify the targetClient option. Since targetClient is a WebSphere MQ option and not a Camel URI option, you need to set that on the JMS destination name like so:

...
.setHeader("CamelJmsDestinationName", constant("queue:///MY_QUEUE?targetClient=1"))
.to("wmq:queue:MY_QUEUE?useMessageIDAsCorrelationID=true");

Some versions of WMQ won't accept this option on the destination name and you will get an exception like:

com.ibm.msg.client.jms.DetailedJMSException: JMSCC0005: The specified value 'MY_QUEUE?targetClient=1' is not allowed for 'XMSC_DESTINATION_NAME'

A workaround is to use a custom DestinationResolver:

JmsComponent wmq = new JmsComponent(connectionFactory); 
        
wmq.setDestinationResolver(new DestinationResolver(){ 
    public Destination resolveDestinationName(Session session, String destinationName, boolean pubSubDomain) throws JMSException { 
        MQQueueSession wmqSession = (MQQueueSession) session;	
        return wmqSession.createQueue("queue:///" + destinationName + "?targetClient=1"); 
    }        
}); 

See Also

JMX Component

Available as of Camel 2.6

Standard JMX Consumer Configuration

Component allows consumers to subscribe to an mbean's Notifications. The component supports passing the Notification object directly through the Exchange or serializing it to XML according to the schema provided within this project. This is a consumer only component. Exceptions are thrown if you attempt to create a producer for it.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-jmx</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI Format

The component can connect to the local platform mbean server with the following URI:

jmx://platform?options

A remote mbean server url can be provided following the initial JMX scheme like so:

jmx:service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://localhost:1099/jmxrmi?options

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?options=value&option2=value&...

URI Options

Property Required Default Description
format   xml Format for the message body. Either "xml" or "raw". If xml, the notification is serialized to xml. If raw, then the raw java object is set as the body.
user    Credentials for making a remote connection.
password    Credentials for making a remote connection.
objectDomain yes   The domain for the mbean you're connecting to.
objectName    The name key for the mbean you're connecting to. This value is mutually exclusive with the object properties that get passed. (see below)
notificationFilter    Reference to a bean that implements the NotificationFilter. The #ref syntax should be used to reference the bean via the Registry.
handback    Value to handback to the listener when a notification is received. This value will be put in the message header with the key "jmx.handback"

ObjectName Construction

The URI must always have the objectDomain property. In addition, the URI must contain either objectName or one or more properties that start with "key."

Domain with Name property

When the objectName property is provided, the following constructor is used to build the ObjectName? for the mbean:

ObjectName(String domain, String key, String value)

The key value in the above will be "name" and the value will be the value of the objectName property.

Domain with Hashtable

ObjectName(String domain, Hashtable<String,String> table)

The Hashtable is constructed by extracting properties that start with "key." The properties will have the "key." prefixed stripped prior to building the Hashtable. This allows the URI to contain a variable number of properties to identify the mbean.

Example

from("jmx:platform?objectDomain=jmxExample&key.name=simpleBean").
        to("log:jmxEvent");

Full example

Monitor Type Consumer

Available as of Camel 2.8
One popular use case for JMX is creating a monitor bean to monitor an attribute on a deployed bean. This requires writing a few lines of Java code to create the JMX monitor and deploy it. As shown below:

CounterMonitor monitor = new CounterMonitor();
monitor.addObservedObject(makeObjectName("simpleBean"));
monitor.setObservedAttribute("MonitorNumber");
monitor.setNotify(true);
monitor.setInitThreshold(1);
monitor.setGranularityPeriod(500);
registerBean(monitor, makeObjectName("counter"));
monitor.start();

The 2.8 version introduces a new type of consumer that automatically creates and registers a monitor bean for the specified objectName and attribute. Additional endpoint attributes allow the user to specify the attribute to monitor, type of monitor to create, and any other required properties. The code snippet above is condensed into a set of endpoint properties. The consumer uses these properties to create the CounterMonitor, register it, and then subscribe to its changes. All of the JMX monitor types are supported.

Example

   from("jmx:platform?objectDomain=myDomain&objectName=simpleBean&" + 
        "monitorType=counter&observedAttribute=MonitorNumber&initThreshold=1&" +
        "granularityPeriod=500").to("mock:sink");

The example above will cause a new Monitor Bean to be created and depoyed to the local mbean server that monitors the "MonitorNumber" attribute on the "simpleBean." Additional types of monitor beans and options are detailed below. The newly deployed monitor bean is automatically undeployed when the consumer is stopped.

URI Options for Monitor Type

propertytypeapplies todescription
monitorType enum all one of counter, guage, string
observedAttribute string all the attribute being observed
granualityPeriod long all granularity period (in millis) for the attribute being observed. As per JMX, default is 10 seconds
initThreshold number counter initial threshold value
offset number counter offset value
modulus number counter modulus value
differenceMode boolean counter, gauge true if difference should be reported, false for actual value
notifyHigh boolean gauge high notification on/off switch
notifyLow boolean gauge low notification on/off switch
highThreshold number gauge threshold for reporting high notification
lowThreshold number gauge threshold for reporting low notificaton
notifyDiffer boolean string true to fire notification when string differs
notifyMatch boolean string true to fire notification when string matches
stringToCompare string string string to compare against the attribute value

The monitor style consumer is only supported for the local mbean server. JMX does not currently support remote deployment of mbeans without either having the classes already remotely deployed or an adapter library on both the client and server to facilitate a proxy deployment.

See Also

JPA Component

The jpa component enables you to store and retrieve Java objects from persistent storage using EJB 3's Java Persistence Architecture (JPA), which is a standard interface layer that wraps Object/Relational Mapping (ORM) products such as OpenJPA, Hibernate, TopLink, and so on.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-jpa</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

Sending to the endpoint

You can store a Java entity bean in a database by sending it to a JPA producer endpoint. The body of the In message is assumed to be an entity bean (that is, a POJO with an @Entity annotation on it) or a collection or array of entity beans.

If the body does not contain one of the previous listed types, put a Message Translator in front of the endpoint to perform the necessary conversion first.

Consuming from the endpoint

Consuming messages from a JPA consumer endpoint removes (or updates) entity beans in the database. This allows you to use a database table as a logical queue: consumers take messages from the queue and then delete/update them to logically remove them from the queue.

If you do not wish to delete the entity bean when it has been processed, you can specify consumeDelete=false on the URI. This will result in the entity being processed each poll.

If you would rather perform some update on the entity to mark it as processed (such as to exclude it from a future query) then you can annotate a method with @Consumed which will be invoked on your entity bean when the entity bean is consumed.

URI format

jpa:[entityClassName][?options]

For sending to the endpoint, the entityClassName is optional. If specified, it helps the Type Converter to ensure the body is of the correct type.

For consuming, the entityClassName is mandatory.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
entityType entityClassName Overrides the entityClassName from the URI.
persistenceUnit camel The JPA persistence unit used by default.
consumeDelete true JPA consumer only: If true, the entity is deleted after it is consumed; if false, the entity is not deleted.
consumeLockEntity true JPA consumer only: Specifies whether or not to set an exclusive lock on each entity bean while processing the results from polling.
flushOnSend true JPA producer only: Flushes the EntityManager after the entity bean has been persisted.
maximumResults -1 JPA consumer only: Set the maximum number of results to retrieve on the Query.
transactionManager null Camel 1.6.1/2.0: Specifies the transaction manager to use. If none provided, Camel will use a JpaTransactionManager by default. Can be used to set a JTA transaction manager (for integration with an EJB container).
consumer.delay 500 JPA consumer only: Delay in milliseconds between each poll.
consumer.initialDelay 1000 JPA consumer only: Milliseconds before polling starts.
consumer.useFixedDelay false JPA consumer only: Set to true to use fixed delay between polls, otherwise fixed rate is used. See ScheduledExecutorService in JDK for details.
maxMessagesPerPoll 0 Camel 2.0: JPA consumer only: An integer value to define the maximum number of messages to gather per poll. By default, no maximum is set. Can be used to avoid polling many thousands of messages when starting up the server. Set a value of 0 or negative to disable.
consumer.query   JPA consumer only: To use a custom query when consuming data.
consumer.namedQuery   JPA consumer only: To use a named query when consuming data.
consumer.nativeQuery   JPA consumer only: To use a custom native query when consuming data.
consumer.resultClass   Camel 2.7: JPA consumer only: Defines the type of the returned payload (we will call entityManager.createNativeQuery(nativeQuery, resultClass) instead of entityManager.createNativeQuery(nativeQuery)). Without this option, we will return an object array. Only has an affect when using in conjunction with native query when consuming data.
consumer.transacted false Camel 2.7.5/2.8.3/2.9: JPA consumer only: Whether to run the consumer in transacted mode, by which all messages will either commit or rollback, when the entire batch has been processed. The default behavior (false) is to commit all the previously successfully processed messages, and only rollback the last failed message.
usePersist false Camel 2.5: JPA producer only: Indicates to use entityManager.persist(entity) instead of entityManager.merge(entity). Note: entityManager.persist(entity) doesn't work for detached entities (where the EntityManager has to execute an UPDATE instead of an INSERT query)!

Message Headers

Camel adds the following message headers to the exchange:

Header Type Description
CamelJpaTemplate JpaTemplate Camel 2.0: The JpaTemplate object that is used to access the entity bean. You need this object in some situations, for instance in a type converter or when you are doing some custom processing.

Configuring EntityManagerFactory

Its strongly advised to configure the JPA component to use a specific EntityManagerFactory instance. If failed to do so each JpaEndpoint will auto create their own instance of EntityManagerFactory which most often is not what you want.

For example, you can instantiate a JPA component that references the myEMFactory entity manager factory, as follows:

<bean id="jpa" class="org.apache.camel.component.jpa.JpaComponent">
   <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="myEMFactory"/>
</bean>

In Camel 2.3 the JpaComponent will auto lookup the EntityManagerFactory from the Registry which means you do not need to configure this on the JpaComponent as shown above. You only need to do so if there is ambiguity, in which case Camel will log a WARN.

Configuring TransactionManager

Its strongly advised to configure the TransactionManager instance used by the JPA component. If failed to do so each JpaEndpoint will auto create their own instance of TransactionManager which most often is not what you want.

For example, you can instantiate a JPA component that references the myTransactionManager transaction manager, as follows:

<bean id="jpa" class="org.apache.camel.component.jpa.JpaComponent">
   <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="myEMFactory"/>
   <property name="transactionManager" ref="myTransactionManager"/>
</bean>

In Camel 2.3 the JpaComponent will auto lookup the TransactionManager from the Registry which means you do not need to configure this on the JpaComponent as shown above. You only need to do so if there is ambiguity, in which case Camel will log a WARN.

Using a consumer with a named query

For consuming only selected entities, you can use the consumer.namedQuery URI query option. First, you have to define the named query in the JPA Entity class:

@Entity
@NamedQuery(name = "step1", query = "select x from MultiSteps x where x.step = 1")
public class MultiSteps {
   ...
}

After that you can define a consumer uri like this one:

from("jpa://org.apache.camel.examples.MultiSteps?consumer.namedQuery=step1")
.to("bean:myBusinessLogic");

Using a consumer with a query

For consuming only selected entities, you can use the consumer.query URI query option. You only have to define the query option:

from("jpa://org.apache.camel.examples.MultiSteps?consumer.query=select o from org.apache.camel.examples.MultiSteps o where o.step = 1")
.to("bean:myBusinessLogic");

Using a consumer with a native query

For consuming only selected entities, you can use the consumer.nativeQuery URI query option. You only have to define the native query option:

from("jpa://org.apache.camel.examples.MultiSteps?consumer.nativeQuery=select * from MultiSteps where step = 1")
.to("bean:myBusinessLogic");

If you use the native query option, you will receive an object array in the message body.

Example

See Tracer Example for an example using JPA to store traced messages into a database.

Using the JPA based idempotent repository

In this section we will use the JPA based idempotent repository.

First we need to setup a persistence-unit in the persistence.xml file:

<persistence-unit name="idempotentDb" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
  <class>org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.jpa.MessageProcessed</class>

  <properties>
    <property name="openjpa.ConnectionURL" value="jdbc:derby:target/idempotentTest;create=true"/>
    <property name="openjpa.ConnectionDriverName" value="org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver"/>
    <property name="openjpa.jdbc.SynchronizeMappings" value="buildSchema"/>
    <property name="openjpa.Log" value="DefaultLevel=WARN, Tool=INFO"/>
  </properties>
</persistence-unit>

Second we have to setup a org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTemplate which is used by the org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.jpa.JpaMessageIdRepository:

<!-- this is standard spring JPA configuration -->
<bean id="jpaTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTemplate">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>

<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean">
    <!-- we use idempotentDB as the persitence unit name defined in the persistence.xml file -->
    <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="idempotentDb"/>
</bean>

Afterwards we can configure our org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.jpa.JpaMessageIdRepository:

<!-- we define our jpa based idempotent repository we want to use in the file consumer -->
<bean id="jpaStore" class="org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.jpa.JpaMessageIdRepository">
    <!-- Here we refer to the spring jpaTemplate -->
    <constructor-arg index="0" ref="jpaTemplate"/>
    <!-- This 2nd parameter is the name  (= a cateogry name).
         You can have different repositories with different names -->
    <constructor-arg index="1" value="FileConsumer"/>
</bean>

And finally we can create our JPA idempotent repository in the spring XML file as well:

<camel:camelContext>	
    <camel:route id="JpaMessageIdRepositoryTest">
        <camel:from uri="direct:start" />
        <camel:idempotentConsumer messageIdRepositoryRef="jpaStore">
            <camel:header>messageId</camel:header>
            <camel:to uri="mock:result" />
        </camel:idempotentConsumer>
    </camel:route>
</camel:camelContext>

See Also

JT/400 Component

The jt400 component allows you to exchanges messages with an AS/400 system using data queues.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-jt400</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

jt400://user:password@system/QSYS.LIB/LIBRARY.LIB/QUEUE.DTAQ[?options]

To call remote program (Camel 2.7)

jt400://user:password@system/QSYS.LIB/LIBRARY.LIB/program.PGM[?options]

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

URI options

For the data queue message exchange:

Name Default value Description
ccsid default system CCSID Specifies the CCSID to use for the connection with the AS/400 system.
format text Specifies the data format for sending messages
valid options are: text (represented by String) and binary (represented by byte[])
consumer.delay 500 Delay in milliseconds between each poll.
consumer.initialDelay 1000 Milliseconds before polling starts.
consumer.userFixedDelay false true to use fixed delay between polls, otherwise fixed rate is used. See ScheduledExecutorService in JDK for details.
guiAvailable false Camel 2.8: Specifies whether AS/400 prompting is enabled in the environment running Camel.
keyed false Camel 2.10: Whether to use keyed or non-keyed data queues.
searchKey null Camel 2.10: Search key for keyed data queues.
searchType EQ Camel 2.10: Search type which can be a value of EQ, NE, LT, LE, GT, or GE.

For the remote program call (Camel 2.7)

Name Default value Description
outputFieldsIdx   Specifies which fields (program parameters) are output parameters.
fieldsLength   Specifies the fields (program parameters) length as in the AS/400 program definition.
format text Camel 2.10: Specifies the data format for sending messages
valid options are: text (represented by String) and binary (represented by byte[])
guiAvailable false Camel 2.8: Specifies whether AS/400 prompting is enabled in the environment running Camel.

Usage

When configured as a consumer endpoint, the endpoint will poll a data queue on a remote system. For every entry on the data queue, a new Exchange is sent with the entry's data in the In message's body, formatted either as a String or a byte[], depending on the format. For a provider endpoint, the In message body contents will be put on the data queue as either raw bytes or text.

Remote program call (Camel 2.7)

This endpoint expects the input to be either a String array or byte[] array (depending on format) and handles all the CCSID handling through the native jt400 library mechanisms. A parameter can be omitted by passing null as the value in its position (the remote program has to support it). After the program execution the endpoint returns either a String array or byte[] array with the values as they were returned by the program (the input only parameters will contain the same data as the beginning of the invocation)
This endpoint does not implement a provider endpoint!

Example

In the snippet below, the data for an exchange sent to the direct:george endpoint will be put in the data queue PENNYLANE in library BEATLES on a system named LIVERPOOL.
Another user connects to the same data queue to receive the information from the data queue and forward it to the mock:ringo endpoint.

public class Jt400RouteBuilder extends RouteBuilder {
    @Override
    public void configure() throws Exception {
       from("direct:george").to("jt400://GEORGE:EGROEG@LIVERPOOL/QSYS.LIB/BEATLES.LIB/PENNYLANE.DTAQ");
       from("jt400://RINGO:OGNIR@LIVERPOOL/QSYS.LIB/BEATLES.LIB/PENNYLANE.DTAQ").to("mock:ringo");
    }
}

Remote program call example (Camel 2.7)

In the snippet below, the data Exchange sent to the direct:work endpoint will contain three string that will be used as the arguments for the program “compute” in the library “assets”. This program will write the output values in the 2nd and 3rd parameters. All the parameters will be sent to the direct:play endpoint.

public class Jt400RouteBuilder extends RouteBuilder {
    @Override
    public void configure() throws Exception {
       from("direct:work").to("jt400://GRUPO:ATWORK@server/QSYS.LIB/assets.LIB/compute.PGM?fieldsLength=10,10,512&ouputFieldsIdx=2,3").to(“direct:play”);
    }
}

Writing to keyed data queues

from("jms:queue:input")
.to("jt400://username:password@system/lib.lib/MSGINDQ.DTAQ?keyed=true");

Reading from keyed data queues

from("jt400://username:password@system/lib.lib/MSGOUTDQ.DTAQ?keyed=true&searchKey=MYKEY&searchType=GE")
.to("jms:queue:output");

See Also

Language

Available as of Camel 2.5

The language component allows you to send Exchange to an endpoint which executes a script by any of the supported Languages in Camel.
By having a component to execute language scripts, it allows more dynamic routing capabilities. For example by using the Routing Slip or Dynamic Router EIPs you can send messages to language endpoints where the script is dynamic defined as well.

This component is provided out of the box in camel-core and hence no additional JARs is needed. You only have to include additional Camel components if the language of choice mandates it, such as using Groovy or JavaScript languages.

URI format

language://languageName[:script][?options]

URI Options

The component supports the following options.

Name Default Value Type Description
languageName null String The name of the Language to use, such as simple, groovy, javascript etc. This option is mandatory.
script null String The script to execute.
transform true boolean Whether or not the result of the script should be used as the new message body. By setting to false the script is executed but the result of the script is discarded.
contentCache true boolean Camel 2.9: Whether to cache the script if loaded from a resource.

Message Headers

The following message headers can be used to affect the behavior of the component

Header Description
CamelLanguageScript The script to execute provided in the header. Takes precedence over script configured on the endpoint.

Examples

For example you can use the Simple language to Message Translator a message:

String script = URLEncoder.encode("Hello ${body}", "UTF-8");
from("direct:start").to("language:simple:" + script).to("mock:result");

In case you want to convert the message body type you can do this as well:

String script = URLEncoder.encode("${mandatoryBodyAs(String)}", "UTF-8");
from("direct:start").to("language:simple:" + script).to("mock:result");

You can also use the Groovy language, such as this example where the input message will by multiplied with 2:

String script = URLEncoder.encode("request.body * 2", "UTF-8");
from("direct:start").to("language:groovy:" + script).to("mock:result");

You can also provide the script as a header as shown below. Here we use XPath language to extract the text from the <foo> tag.

Object out = producer.requestBodyAndHeader("language:xpath", "<foo>Hello World</foo>", Exchange.LANGUAGE_SCRIPT, "/foo/text()");
assertEquals("Hello World", out);

Loading scripts from resources

Available as of Camel 2.9

You can specify a resource uri for a script to load in either the endpoint uri, or in the Exchange.LANGUAGE_SCRIPT header.
The uri must start with one of the following schemes: file:, classpath:, or http:

For example to load a script from the classpath:

from("direct:start")
    // load the script from the classpath
    .to("language:simple:classpath:org/apache/camel/component/language/mysimplescript.txt")
    .to("mock:result");

By default the script is loaded once and cached. However you can disable the contentCache option and have the script loaded on each evaluation.
For example if the file myscript.txt is changed on disk, then the updated script is used:

from("direct:start")
    // the script will be loaded on each message, as we disabled cache
    .to("language:simple:file:target/script/myscript.txt?contentCache=false")
    .to("mock:result");

See Also

LDAP Component

The ldap component allows you to perform searches in LDAP servers using filters as the message payload.
This component uses standard JNDI (javax.naming package) to access the server.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-ldap</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

ldap:ldapServerBean[?options]

The ldapServerBean portion of the URI refers to a DirContext bean in the registry. The LDAP component only supports producer endpoints, which means that an ldap URI cannot appear in the from at the start of a route.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
base ou=system The base DN for searches.
scope subtree Specifies how deeply to search the tree of entries, starting at the base DN. Value can be object, onelevel, or subtree.
pageSize no paging used Camel 2.6: When specified the ldap module uses paging to retrieve all results (most LDAP Servers throw an exception when trying to retrieve more than 1000 entries in one query). To be able to use this a LdapContext (subclass of DirContext) has to be passed in as ldapServerBean (otherwise an exception is thrown)
returnedAttributes depends on LDAP Server (could be all or none) Camel 2.6: Comma-separated list of attributes that should be set in each entry of the result

Result

The result is returned in the Out body as a ArrayList<javax.naming.directory.SearchResult> object.

DirContext

The URI, ldap:ldapserver, references a Spring bean with the ID, ldapserver. The ldapserver bean may be defined as follows:

<bean id="ldapserver" class="javax.naming.directory.InitialDirContext" scope="prototype">
  <constructor-arg>
    <props>
      <prop key="java.naming.factory.initial">com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory</prop>
      <prop key="java.naming.provider.url">ldap://localhost:10389</prop>
      <prop key="java.naming.security.authentication">none</prop>
    </props>
  </constructor-arg>
</bean>

The preceding example declares a regular Sun based LDAP DirContext that connects anonymously to a locally hosted LDAP server.

DirContext objects are not required to support concurrency by contract. It is therefore important that the directory context is declared with the setting, scope="prototype", in the bean definition or that the context supports concurrency. In the Spring framework, prototype scoped objects are instantiated each time they are looked up.
Camel 1.6.1 and Camel 2.0 include a fix to support concurrency for LDAP producers. ldapServerBean contexts are now looked up each time a request is sent to the LDAP server. In addition, the contexts are released as soon as the producer completes.

Samples

Following on from the Spring configuration above, the code sample below sends an LDAP request to filter search a group for a member. The Common Name is then extracted from the response.

ProducerTemplate<Exchange> template = exchange
  .getContext().createProducerTemplate();

Collection<?> results = (Collection<?>) (template
  .sendBody(
    "ldap:ldapserver?base=ou=mygroup,ou=groups,ou=system",
    "(member=uid=huntc,ou=users,ou=system)"));

if (results.size() > 0) {
  // Extract what we need from the device's profile

  Iterator<?> resultIter = results.iterator();
  SearchResult searchResult = (SearchResult) resultIter
      .next();
  Attributes attributes = searchResult
      .getAttributes();
  Attribute deviceCNAttr = attributes.get("cn");
  String deviceCN = (String) deviceCNAttr.get();

  ...

If no specific filter is required - for example, you just need to look up a single entry - specify a wildcard filter expression. For example, if the LDAP entry has a Common Name, use a filter expression like:

(cn=*)

Binding using credentials

A Camel end user donated this sample code he used to bind to the ldap server using credentials.

Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory");
props.setProperty(Context.PROVIDER_URL, "ldap://localhost:389");
props.setProperty(Context.URL_PKG_PREFIXES, "com.sun.jndi.url");
props.setProperty(Context.REFERRAL, "ignore");
props.setProperty(Context.SECURITY_AUTHENTICATION, "simple");
props.setProperty(Context.SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, "cn=Manager");
props.setProperty(Context.SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, "secret");

SimpleRegistry reg = new SimpleRegistry();
reg.put("myldap", new InitialLdapContext(props, null));

CamelContext context = new DefaultCamelContext(reg);
context.addRoutes(
    new RouteBuilder() {
        public void configure() throws Exception { 
            from("direct:start").to("ldap:myldap?base=ou=test");
        }
    }
);
context.start();

ProducerTemplate template = context.createProducerTemplate();

Endpoint endpoint = context.getEndpoint("direct:start");
Exchange exchange = endpoint.createExchange();
exchange.getIn().setBody("(uid=test)");
Exchange out = template.send(endpoint, exchange);

Collection<SearchResult> data = out.getOut().getBody(Collection.class);
assert data != null;
assert !data.isEmpty();

System.out.println(out.getOut().getBody());

context.stop();

See Also

Log Component

The log: component logs message exchanges to the underlying logging mechanism.

Camel 2.7 or better uses sfl4j which allows you to configure logging via, among others:

Camel 2.6 or lower uses commons-logging which allows you to configure logging via, among others:

Refer to the commons-logging user guide for a more complete overview of how to use and configure commons-logging.

URI format

log:loggingCategory[?options]

Where loggingCategory is the name of the logging category to use. You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

For example, a log endpoint typically specifies the logging level using the level option, as follows:

log:org.apache.camel.example?level=DEBUG

The default logger logs every exchange (regular logging). But Camel also ships with the Throughput logger, which is used whenever the groupSize option is specified.

Also a log in the DSL
In Camel 2.2 onwards there is a log directly in the DSL, but it has a different purpose. Its meant for lightweight and human logs. See more details at LogEIP.

Options

Option Default Type Description
level INFO String Logging level to use. Possible values: FATAL, ERROR, WARN, INFO, DEBUG, TRACE, OFF
marker null String Camel 2.9: An optional Marker name to use.
groupSize null Integer An integer that specifies a group size for throughput logging.
groupInterval null Integer Camel 2.6: If specified will group message stats by this time interval (in millis)
groupDelay 0 Integer Camel 2.6: Set the initial delay for stats (in millis)
groupActiveOnly true boolean Camel 2.6: If true, will hide stats when no new messages have been received for a time interval, if false, show stats regardless of message traffic

note: groupDelay and groupActiveOnly are only applicable when using groupInterval

Formatting

The log formats the execution of exchanges to log lines.
By default, the log uses LogFormatter to format the log output, where LogFormatter has the following options:

Option Default Description
showAll false Quick option for turning all options on. (multiline, maxChars has to be manually set if to be used)
showExchangeId false Show the unique exchange ID.
showExchangePattern true Camel 2.3: Shows the Message Exchange Pattern (or MEP for short).
showProperties false Show the exchange properties.
showHeaders false Show the In message headers.
showBodyType true Show the In body Java type.
showBody true Show the In body.
showOut false If the exchange has an Out message, show the Out message.
showException false Camel 2.0: If the exchange has an exception, show the exception message (no stack trace).
showCaughtException false Camel 2.0: If the exchange has a caught exception, show the exception message (no stack trace). A caught exception is stored as a property on the exchange (using the key Exchange.EXCEPTION_CAUGHT) and for instance a doCatch can catch exceptions. See Try Catch Finally.
showStackTrace false Camel 2.0: Show the stack trace, if an exchange has an exception. Only effective if one of showAll, showException or showCaughtException are enabled.
showFiles false Camel 2.9: Whether Camel should show file bodies or not (eg such as java.io.File).
showFuture false Camel 2.1: Whether Camel should show java.util.concurrent.Future bodies or not. If enabled Camel could potentially wait until the Future task is done. Will by default not wait.
showStreams false Camel 2.8: Whether Camel should show stream bodies or not (eg such as java.io.InputStream). Beware if you enable this option then you may not be able later to access the message body as the stream have already been read by this logger. To remedy this you will have to use Stream caching.
multiline false If true, each piece of information is logged on a new line.
maxChars   Camel 2.0: Limits the number of characters logged per line. The default value is 10000 from Camel 2.9 onwards.
Logging stream bodies
For older versions of Camel that do not support the showFiles or showStreams properties above, you can set the following property instead on the CamelContext to log both stream and file bodies:
camelContext.getProperties().put(Exchange.LOG_DEBUG_BODY_STREAMS, true);

Regular logger sample

In the route below we log the incoming orders at DEBUG level before the order is processed:

from("activemq:orders").to("log:com.mycompany.order?level=DEBUG").to("bean:processOrder");

Or using Spring XML to define the route:

  <route>
    <from uri="activemq:orders"/>
    <to uri="log:com.mycompany.order?level=DEBUG"/>
    <to uri="bean:processOrder"/>
  </route> 

Regular logger with formatter sample

In the route below we log the incoming orders at INFO level before the order is processed.

from("activemq:orders").
    to("log:com.mycompany.order?showAll=true&multiline=true").to("bean:processOrder");

Throughput logger with groupSize sample

In the route below we log the throughput of the incoming orders at DEBUG level grouped by 10 messages.

from("activemq:orders").
    to("log:com.mycompany.order?level=DEBUG&groupSize=10").to("bean:processOrder");

Throughput logger with groupInterval sample

This route will result in message stats logged every 10s, with an initial 60s delay and stats should be displayed even if there isn't any message traffic.

from("activemq:orders").
to("log:com.mycompany.order?level=DEBUG&groupInterval=10000&groupDelay=60000&groupActiveOnly=false").to("bean:processOrder");

The following will be logged:

"Received: 1000 new messages, with total 2000 so far. Last group took: 10000 millis which is: 100 messages per second. average: 100"

See Also

Lucene (Indexer and Search) Component

Available as of Camel 2.2

The lucene component is based on the Apache Lucene project. Apache Lucene is a powerful high-performance, full-featured text search engine library written entirely in Java. For more details about Lucene, please see the following links

The lucene component in camel facilitates integration and utilization of Lucene endpoints in enterprise integration patterns and scenarios. The lucene component does the following

  • builds a searchable index of documents when payloads are sent to the Lucene Endpoint
  • facilitates performing of indexed searches in Camel

This component only supports producer endpoints.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-lucene</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

lucene:searcherName:insert[?options]
lucene:searcherName:query[?options]

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Insert Options

Name Default Value Description
analyzer StandardAnalyzer An Analyzer builds TokenStreams, which analyze text. It thus represents a policy for extracting index terms from text. The value for analyzer can be any class that extends the abstract class org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer. Lucene also offers a rich set of analyzers out of the box
indexDir ./indexDirectory A file system directory in which index files are created upon analysis of the document by the specified analyzer
srcDir null An optional directory containing files to be used to be analyzed and added to the index at producer startup.

Query Options

Name Default Value Description
analyzer StandardAnalyzer An Analyzer builds TokenStreams, which analyze text. It thus represents a policy for extracting index terms from text. The value for analyzer can be any class that extends the abstract class org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer. Lucene also offers a rich set of analyzers out of the box
indexDir ./indexDirectory A file system directory in which index files are created upon analysis of the document by the specified analyzer
maxHits 10 An integer value that limits the result set of the search operation

Sending/Receiving Messages to/from the cache

Message Headers

Header Description
QUERY The Lucene Query to performed on the index. The query may include wildcards and phrases

Lucene Producers

This component supports 2 producer endpoints.

  • insert - The insert producer builds a searchable index by analyzing the body in incoming exchanges and associating it with a token ("content").
  • query - The query producer performs searches on a pre-created index. The query uses the searchable index to perform score & relevance based searches. Queries are sent via the incoming exchange contains a header property name called 'QUERY'. The value of the header property 'QUERY' is a Lucene Query. For more details on how to create Lucene Queries check out http://lucene.apache.org/java/3_0_0/queryparsersyntax.html

Lucene Processor

There is a processor called LuceneQueryProcessor available to perform queries against lucene without the need to create a producer.

Lucene Usage Samples

Example 1: Creating a Lucene index

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {
       from("direct:start").
           to("lucene:whitespaceQuotesIndex:insert?
               analyzer=#whitespaceAnalyzer&indexDir=#whitespace&srcDir=#load_dir").
           to("mock:result");
    }
};

Example 2: Loading properties into the JNDI registry in the Camel Context

@Override
protected JndiRegistry createRegistry() throws Exception {
  JndiRegistry registry =
         new JndiRegistry(createJndiContext());
  registry.bind("whitespace", new File("./whitespaceIndexDir"));
  registry.bind("load_dir",
        new File("src/test/resources/sources"));
  registry.bind("whitespaceAnalyzer",
        new WhitespaceAnalyzer());
  return registry;
}
...
CamelContext context = new DefaultCamelContext(createRegistry());

Example 2: Performing searches using a Query Producer

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {
       from("direct:start").
          setHeader("QUERY", constant("Seinfeld")).
          to("lucene:searchIndex:query?
             analyzer=#whitespaceAnalyzer&indexDir=#whitespace&maxHits=20").
          to("direct:next");
                
       from("direct:next").process(new Processor() {
          public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
             Hits hits = exchange.getIn().getBody(Hits.class);
             printResults(hits);
          }

          private void printResults(Hits hits) {
              LOG.debug("Number of hits: " + hits.getNumberOfHits());
              for (int i = 0; i < hits.getNumberOfHits(); i++) {
                 LOG.debug("Hit " + i + " Index Location:" + hits.getHit().get(i).getHitLocation());
                 LOG.debug("Hit " + i + " Score:" + hits.getHit().get(i).getScore());
                 LOG.debug("Hit " + i + " Data:" + hits.getHit().get(i).getData());
              }
           }
       }).to("mock:searchResult");
   }
};

Example 3: Performing searches using a Query Processor

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {            
        try {
            from("direct:start").
                setHeader("QUERY", constant("Rodney Dangerfield")).
                process(new LuceneQueryProcessor("target/stdindexDir", analyzer, null, 20)).
                to("direct:next");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
                
        from("direct:next").process(new Processor() {
            public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
                Hits hits = exchange.getIn().getBody(Hits.class);
                printResults(hits);
            }
                    
            private void printResults(Hits hits) {
                LOG.debug("Number of hits: " + hits.getNumberOfHits());
                for (int i = 0; i < hits.getNumberOfHits(); i++) {
                    LOG.debug("Hit " + i + " Index Location:" + hits.getHit().get(i).getHitLocation());
                    LOG.debug("Hit " + i + " Score:" + hits.getHit().get(i).getScore());
                    LOG.debug("Hit " + i + " Data:" + hits.getHit().get(i).getData());
                }
            }
       }).to("mock:searchResult");
   }
};

Mail Component

The mail component provides access to Email via Spring's Mail support and the underlying JavaMail system.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-mail</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>
Geronimo mail .jar
We have discovered that the geronimo mail .jar (v1.6) has a bug when polling mails with attachments. It cannot correctly identify the Content-Type. So, if you attach a .jpeg file to a mail and you poll it, the Content-Type is resolved as text/plain and not as image/jpeg. For that reason, we have added an org.apache.camel.component.ContentTypeResolver SPI interface which enables you to provide your own implementation and fix this bug by returning the correct Mime type based on the file name. So if the file name ends with jpeg/jpg, you can return image/jpeg.

You can set your custom resolver on the MailComponent instance or on the MailEndpoint instance.

POP3 or IMAP
POP3 has some limitations and end users are encouraged to use IMAP if possible.
Using mock-mail for testing
You can use a mock framework for unit testing, which allows you to test without the need for a real mail server. However you should remember to not include the mock-mail when you go into production or other environments where you need to send mails to a real mail server. Just the presence of the mock-javamail.jar on the classpath means that it will kick in and avoid sending the mails.

URI format

Mail endpoints can have one of the following URI formats (for the protocols, SMTP, POP3, or IMAP, respectively):

smtp://[username@]host[:port][?options]
pop3://[username@]host[:port][?options]
imap://[username@]host[:port][?options]

The mail component also supports secure variants of these protocols (layered over SSL). You can enable the secure protocols by adding s to the scheme:

smtps://[username@]host[:port][?options]
pop3s://[username@]host[:port][?options]
imaps://[username@]host[:port][?options]

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Sample endpoints

Typically, you specify a URI with login credentials as follows (taking SMTP as an example):

smtp://[username@]host[:port][?password=somepwd]

Alternatively, it is possible to specify both the user name and the password as query options:

smtp://host[:port]?password=somepwd&username=someuser

For example:

smtp://mycompany.mailserver:30?password=tiger&username=scott

Default ports

Default port numbers are supported. If the port number is omitted, Camel determines the port number to use based on the protocol.

Protocol Default Port Number
SMTP 25
SMTPS 465
POP3 110
POP3S 995
IMAP 143
IMAPS 993

Options

Property Default Description
host   The host name or IP address to connect to.
port See DefaultPorts The TCP port number to connect on.
username   The user name on the email server.
password null The password on the email server.
ignoreUriScheme false If false, Camel uses the scheme to determine the transport protocol (POP, IMAP, SMTP etc.)
defaultEncoding null The default encoding to use for Mime Messages.
contentType text/plain The mail message content type. Use text/html for HTML mails.
folderName INBOX The folder to poll.
destination username@host @deprecated Use the to option instead. The TO recipients (receivers of the email).
to username@host The TO recipients (the receivers of the mail). Separate multiple email addresses with a comma.
replyTo alias@host As of Camel 2.8.4, 2.9.1+, the Reply-To recipients (the receivers of the response mail). Separate multiple email addresses with a comma.
CC null The CC recipients (the receivers of the mail). Separate multiple email addresses with a comma.
BCC null The BCC recipients (the receivers of the mail). Separate multiple email addresses with a comma.
from camel@localhost The FROM email address.
subject   As of Camel 2.3, the Subject of the message being sent. Note: Setting the subject in the header takes precedence over this option.
delete false Deletes the messages after they have been processed. This is done by setting the DELETED flag on the mail message. If false, the SEEN flag is set instead.
unseen true It is possible to configure a consumer endpoint so that it processes only unseen messages (that is, new messages) or all messages. Note that Camel always skips deleted messages. The default option of true will filter to only unseen messages. POP3 does not support the SEEN flag, so this option is not supported in POP3; use IMAP instead.
fetchSize -1 Sets the maximum number of messages to consume during a poll. This can be used to avoid overloading a mail server, if a mailbox folder contains a lot of messages. Default value of -1 means no fetch size and all messages will be consumed. Setting the value to 0 is a special corner case, where Camel will not consume any messages at all.
alternativeBodyHeader CamelMailAlternativeBody Specifies the key to an IN message header that contains an alternative email body. For example, if you send emails in text/html format and want to provide an alternative mail body for non-HTML email clients, set the alternative mail body with this key as a header.
debugMode false Enable debug mode on the underlying mail framework. The SUN Mail framework logs the debug messages to System.out by default.
connectionTimeout 30000 The connection timeout in milliseconds. Default is 30 seconds.
consumer.initialDelay 1000 Milliseconds before the polling starts.
consumer.delay 60000 Camel will poll the mailbox only once a minute by default to avoid overloading the mail server.
consumer.useFixedDelay false Set to true to use a fixed delay between polls, otherwise fixed rate is used. See ScheduledExecutorService in JDK for details.
disconnect false Camel 2.8.3/2.9: Whether the consumer should disconnect after polling. If enabled this forces Camel to connect on each poll.
mail.XXX null Set any additional java mail properties. For instance if you want to set a special property when using POP3 you can now provide the option directly in the URI such as: mail.pop3.forgettopheaders=true. You can set multiple such options, for example: mail.pop3.forgettopheaders=true&mail.mime.encodefilename=true.
mapMailMessage true Camel 2.8: Specifies whether Camel should map the received mail message to Camel body/headers. If set to true, the body of the mail message is mapped to the body of the Camel IN message and the mail headers are mapped to IN headers. If this option is set to false then the IN message contains a raw javax.mail.Message. You can retrieve this raw message by calling exchange.getIn().getBody(javax.mail.Message.class).
maxMessagesPerPoll 0 Specifies the maximum number of messages to gather per poll. By default, no maximum is set. Can be used to set a limit of e.g. 1000 to avoid downloading thousands of files when the server starts up. Set a value of 0 or negative to disable this option.
javaMailSender null Specifies a pluggable org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender instance in order to use a custom email implementation. If none provided, Camel uses the default org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.
ignoreUnsupportedCharset false Option to let Camel ignore unsupported charset in the local JVM when sending mails. If the charset is unsupported then charset=XXX (where XXX represents the unsupported charset) is removed from the content-type and it relies on the platform default instead.
sslContextParameters null Camel 2.10: Reference to a org.apache.camel.util.jsse.SSLContextParameters in the Registry.  This reference overrides any configured SSLContextParameters at the component level.  See Using the JSSE Configuration Utility.

SSL support

The underlying mail framework is responsible for providing SSL support.  You may either configure SSL/TLS support by completely specifying the necessary Java Mail API configuration options, or you may provide a configured SSLContextParameters through the component or endpoint configuration.

Using the JSSE Configuration Utility

As of Camel 2.10, the mail component supports SSL/TLS configuration through the Camel JSSE Configuration Utility.  This utility greatly decreases the amount of component specific code you need to write and is configurable at the endpoint and component levels.  The following examples demonstrate how to use the utility with the mail component.

Programmatic configuration of the endpoint
KeyStoreParameters ksp = new KeyStoreParameters();
ksp.setResource("/users/home/server/truststore.jks");
ksp.setPassword("keystorePassword");
TrustManagersParameters tmp = new TrustManagersParameters();
tmp.setKeyStore(ksp);
SSLContextParameters scp = new SSLContextParameters();
scp.setTrustManagers(tmp);
Registry registry = ...
registry.bind("sslContextParameters", scp);
...
from(...)
&nbsp; &nbsp; .to("smtps://smtp.google.com?username=user@gmail.com&password=password&sslContextParameters=#sslContextParameters");
Spring DSL based configuration of endpoint
...
<camel:sslContextParameters id="sslContextParameters">
  <camel:trustManagers>
    <camel:keyStore resource="/users/home/server/truststore.jks" password="keystorePassword"/>
  </camel:trustManagers>
</camel:sslContextParameters>...
...
<to uri="smtps://smtp.google.com?username=user@gmail.com&password=password&sslContextParameters=#sslContextParameters"/>...

Configuring JavaMail Directly

Camel uses SUN JavaMail, which only trusts certificates issued by well known Certificate Authorities (the default JVM trust configuration). If you issue your own certificates, you have to import the CA certificates into the JVM's Java trust/key store files, override the default JVM trust/key store files (see SSLNOTES.txt in JavaMail for details).

Mail Message Content

Camel uses the message exchange's IN body as the MimeMessage text content. The body is converted to String.class.

Camel copies all of the exchange's IN headers to the MimeMessage headers.

The subject of the MimeMessage can be configured using a header property on the IN message. The code below demonstrates this:

from("direct:a").setHeader("subject", constant(subject)).to("smtp://james2@localhost");

The same applies for other MimeMessage headers such as recipients, so you can use a header property as To:

Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("To", "davsclaus@apache.org");
map.put("From", "jstrachan@apache.org");
map.put("Subject", "Camel rocks");

String body = "Hello Claus.\nYes it does.\n\nRegards James.";
template.sendBodyAndHeaders("smtp://davsclaus@apache.org", body, map);

Headers take precedence over pre-configured recipients

The recipients specified in the message headers always take precedence over recipients pre-configured in the endpoint URI. The idea is that if you provide any recipients in the message headers, that is what you get. The recipients pre-configured in the endpoint URI are treated as a fallback.

In the sample code below, the email message is sent to davsclaus@apache.org, because it takes precedence over the pre-configured recipient, info@mycompany.com. Any CC and BCC settings in the endpoint URI are also ignored and those recipients will not receive any mail. The choice between headers and pre-configured settings is all or nothing: the mail component either takes the recipients exclusively from the headers or exclusively from the pre-configured settings. It is not possible to mix and match headers and pre-configured settings.

        Map<String, Object> headers = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        headers.put("to", "davsclaus@apache.org");

        template.sendBodyAndHeaders("smtp://admin@localhost?to=info@mycompany.com", "Hello World", headers);

Multiple recipients for easier configuration

It is possible to set multiple recipients using a comma-separated or a semicolon-separated list. This applies both to header settings and to settings in an endpoint URI. For example:

        Map<String, Object> headers = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        headers.put("to", "davsclaus@apache.org ; jstrachan@apache.org ; ningjiang@apache.org");

The preceding example uses a semicolon, ;, as the separator character.

Setting sender name and email

You can specify recipients in the format, name <email>, to include both the name and the email address of the recipient.

For example, you define the following headers on the a Message:

Map headers = new HashMap();
map.put("To", "Claus Ibsen <davsclaus@apache.org>");
map.put("From", "James Strachan <jstrachan@apache.org>");
map.put("Subject", "Camel is cool");

SUN JavaMail

SUN JavaMail is used under the hood for consuming and producing mails.
We encourage end-users to consult these references when using either POP3 or IMAP protocol. Note particularly that POP3 has a much more limited set of features than IMAP.

Samples

We start with a simple route that sends the messages received from a JMS queue as emails. The email account is the admin account on mymailserver.com.

from("jms://queue:subscription").to("smtp://admin@mymailserver.com?password=secret");

In the next sample, we poll a mailbox for new emails once every minute. Notice that we use the special consumer option for setting the poll interval, consumer.delay, as 60000 milliseconds = 60 seconds.

from("imap://admin@mymailserver.com
     password=secret&unseen=true&consumer.delay=60000")
    .to("seda://mails");

In this sample we want to send a mail to multiple recipients:

// all the recipients of this mail are:
// To: camel@riders.org , easy@riders.org
// CC: me@you.org
// BCC: someone@somewhere.org
String recipients = "&To=camel@riders.org,easy@riders.org&CC=me@you.org&BCC=someone@somewhere.org";

from("direct:a").to("smtp://you@mymailserver.com?password=secret&From=you@apache.org" + recipients);

Sending mail with attachment sample

Attachments are not support by all Camel components
The Attachments API is based on the Java Activation Framework and is generally only used by the Mail API. Since many of the other Camel components do not support attachments, the attachments could potentially be lost as they propagate along the route. The rule of thumb, therefore, is to add attachments just before sending a message to the mail endpoint.

The mail component supports attachments. In the sample below, we send a mail message containing a plain text message with a logo file attachment.

// create an exchange with a normal body and attachment to be produced as email
Endpoint endpoint = context.getEndpoint("smtp://james@mymailserver.com?password=secret");

// create the exchange with the mail message that is multipart with a file and a Hello World text/plain message.
Exchange exchange = endpoint.createExchange();
Message in = exchange.getIn();
in.setBody("Hello World");
in.addAttachment("logo.jpeg", new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("src/test/data/logo.jpeg")));

// create a producer that can produce the exchange (= send the mail)
Producer producer = endpoint.createProducer();
// start the producer
producer.start();
// and let it go (processes the exchange by sending the email)
producer.process(exchange);

SSL sample

In this sample, we want to poll our Google mail inbox for mails. To download mail onto a local mail client, Google mail requires you to enable and configure SSL. This is done by logging into your Google mail account and changing your settings to allow IMAP access. Google have extensive documentation on how to do this.

from("imaps://imap.gmail.com?username=YOUR_USERNAME@gmail.com&password=YOUR_PASSWORD"
    + "&delete=false&unseen=true&consumer.delay=60000").to("log:newmail");

The preceding route polls the Google mail inbox for new mails once every minute and logs the received messages to the newmail logger category.
Running the sample with DEBUG logging enabled, we can monitor the progress in the logs:

2008-05-08 06:32:09,640 DEBUG MailConsumer - Connecting to MailStore imaps//imap.gmail.com:993 (SSL enabled), folder=INBOX
2008-05-08 06:32:11,203 DEBUG MailConsumer - Polling mailfolder: imaps//imap.gmail.com:993 (SSL enabled), folder=INBOX
2008-05-08 06:32:11,640 DEBUG MailConsumer - Fetching 1 messages. Total 1 messages.
2008-05-08 06:32:12,171 DEBUG MailConsumer - Processing message: messageNumber=[332], from=[James Bond <007@mi5.co.uk>], to=YOUR_USERNAME@gmail.com], subject=[...
2008-05-08 06:32:12,187 INFO  newmail - Exchange[MailMessage: messageNumber=[332], from=[James Bond <007@mi5.co.uk>], to=YOUR_USERNAME@gmail.com], subject=[...

Consuming mails with attachment sample

In this sample we poll a mailbox and store all attachments from the mails as files. First, we define a route to poll the mailbox. As this sample is based on google mail, it uses the same route as shown in the SSL sample:

from("imaps://imap.gmail.com?username=YOUR_USERNAME@gmail.com&password=YOUR_PASSWORD"
    + "&delete=false&unseen=true&consumer.delay=60000").process(new MyMailProcessor());

Instead of logging the mail we use a processor where we can process the mail from java code:

    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        // the API is a bit clunky so we need to loop
        Map<String, DataHandler> attachments = exchange.getIn().getAttachments();
        if (attachments.size() > 0) {
            for (String name : attachments.keySet()) {
                DataHandler dh = attachments.get(name);
                // get the file name
                String filename = dh.getName();

                // get the content and convert it to byte[]
                byte[] data = exchange.getContext().getTypeConverter()
                                  .convertTo(byte[].class, dh.getInputStream());

                // write the data to a file
                FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filename);
                out.write(data);
                out.flush();
                out.close();
            }
        }
   }

As you can see the API to handle attachments is a bit clunky but it's there so you can get the javax.activation.DataHandler so you can handle the attachments using standard API.

How to split a mail message with attachments

In this example we consume mail messages which may have a number of attachments. What we want to do is to use the Splitter EIP per individual attachment, to process the attachments separately. For example if the mail message has 5 attachments, we want the Splitter to process five messages, each having a single attachment. To do this we need to provide a custom Expression to the Splitter where we provide a List<Message> that contains the five messages with the single attachment.

The code is provided out of the box in Camel 2.10 onwards in the camel-mail component. The code is in the class: org.apache.camel.component.mail.SplitAttachmentsExpression, which you can find the source code here

In the Camel route you then need to use this Expression in the route as shown below:

from("pop3://james@mymailserver.com?password=secret&consumer.delay=1000")
    .to("log:email")
    // use the SplitAttachmentsExpression which will split the message per attachment
    .split(new SplitAttachmentsExpression())
        // each message going to this mock has a single attachment
        .to("mock:split")
    .end();

If you use XML DSL then you need to declare a method call expression in the Splitter as shown below

<split>
  <method beanType="org.apache.camel.component.mail.SplitAttachmentsExpression"/>
  <to uri="mock:split"/>
</split>

See Also

MINA Component

The mina: component is a transport for working with Apache MINA

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-mina</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

mina:tcp://hostname[:port][?options]
mina:udp://hostname[:port][?options]
mina:vm://hostname[:port][?options]

From Camel 1.3 onwards you can specify a codec in the Registry using the codec option. If you are using TCP and no codec is specified then the textline flag is used to determine if text line based codec or object serialization should be used instead. By default the object serialization is used.

For UDP if no codec is specified the default uses a basic ByteBuffer based codec.

The VM protocol is used as a direct forwarding mechanism in the same JVM. See the MINA VM-Pipe API documentation for details.

A Mina producer has a default timeout value of 30 seconds, while it waits for a response from the remote server.

In normal use, camel-mina only supports marshalling the body content—message headers and exchange properties are not sent.
However, the option, transferExchange, does allow you to transfer the exchange itself over the wire. See options below.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Option Default Value Description
codec null As of 1.3, you can refer to a named ProtocolCodecFactory instance in your Registry such as your Spring ApplicationContext, which is then used for the marshalling.
codec null Camel 2.0: You must use the # notation to look up your codec in the Registry. For example, use #myCodec to look up a bean with the id value, myCodec.
disconnect false Camel 2.3: Whether or not to disconnect(close) from Mina session right after use. Can be used for both consumer and producer.
textline false Only used for TCP. If no codec is specified, you can use this flag in 1.3 or later to indicate a text line based codec; if not specified or the value is false, then Object Serialization is assumed over TCP.
textlineDelimiter DEFAULT Camel 1.6.0/2.0 Only used for TCP and if textline=true. Sets the text line delimiter to use. Possible values are: DEFAULT, AUTO, WINDOWS, UNIX or MAC. If none provided, Camel will use DEFAULT. This delimiter is used to mark the end of text.
sync false/true As of 1.3, you can configure the exchange pattern to be either InOnly (default) or InOut. Setting sync=true means a synchronous exchange (InOut), where the client can read the response from MINA (the exchange Out message). The default value has changed in Camel 1.5 to true. In older releases, the default value is false.
lazySessionCreation See description As of 1.3, sessions can be lazily created to avoid exceptions, if the remote server is not up and running when the Camel producer is started. From Camel 2.0 onwards, the default is true. In Camel 1.x, the default is false.
timeout 3000 As of 1.3, you can configure the timeout that specifies how long to wait for a response from a remote server. The timeout unit is in milliseconds, so 60000 is 60 seconds. The timeout is only used for Mina producer.
encoding JVM Default As of 1.3, you can configure the encoding (a charset name) to use for the TCP textline codec and the UDP protocol. If not provided, Camel will use the JVM default Charset.
transferExchange false Only used for TCP. As of 1.3, you can transfer the exchange over the wire instead of just the body. The following fields are transferred: In body, Out body, fault body, In headers, Out headers, fault headers, exchange properties, exchange exception. This requires that the objects are serializable. Camel will exclude any non-serializable objects and log it at WARN level.
minaLogger false As of 1.3, you can enable the Apache MINA logging filter. Apache MINA uses slf4j logging at INFO level to log all input and output.
filters null As of 2.0, you can set a list of Mina IoFilters to register. The filters value must be one of the following:
  • Camel 2.2: comma-separated list of bean references (e.g. #filterBean1,#filterBean2) where each bean must be of type org.apache.mina.common.IoFilter.
  • Camel 2.0: a reference to a bean of type List<org.apache.mina.common.IoFilter>.
encoderMaxLineLength -1 As of 2.1, you can set the textline protocol encoder max line length. By default the default value of Mina itself is used which are Integer.MAX_VALUE.
decoderMaxLineLength -1 As of 2.1, you can set the textline protocol decoder max line length. By default the default value of Mina itself is used which are 1024.
producerPoolSize 16 1.6.2 (only in 1.6.x): The TCP producer is now thread safe and supports concurrency much better. This option allows you to configure the number of threads in its thread pool for concurrent producers. Note: Camel 2.0 have a pooled service which ensured it was already thread safe and supported concurrency already. So this is a special patch for 1.6.x.
allowDefaultCodec true The mina component installs a default codec if both, codec is null and textline is false. Setting allowDefaultCodec to false prevents the mina component from installing a default codec as the first element in the filter chain. This is useful in scenarios where another filter must be the first in the filter chain, like the SSL filter.
disconnectOnNoReply true Camel 2.3: If sync is enabled then this option dictates MinaConsumer if it should disconnect where there is no reply to send back.
noReplyLogLevel WARN Camel 2.3: If sync is enabled this option dictates MinaConsumer which logging level to use when logging a there is no reply to send back. Values are: FATAL, ERROR, INFO, DEBUG, OFF.

Default behavior changed

In Camel 2.0 the codec option must use # notation for lookup of the codec bean in the Registry.
In Camel 2.0 the lazySessionCreation option now defaults to true.

In Camel 1.5 the sync option has changed its default value from false to true, as we felt it was confusing for end-users when they used MINA to call remote servers and Camel wouldn't wait for the response.

In Camel 1.4 or later codec=textline is no longer supported. Use the textline=true option instead.

Using a custom codec

See the Mina documentation how to write your own codec. To use your custom codec with camel-mina, you should register your codec in the Registry; for example, by creating a bean in the Spring XML file. Then use the codec option to specify the bean ID of your codec. See HL7 that has a custom codec.

Sample with sync=false

In this sample, Camel exposes a service that listens for TCP connections on port 6200. We use the textline codec. In our route, we create a Mina consumer endpoint that listens on port 6200:

from("mina:tcp://localhost:" + port1 + "?textline=true&sync=false").to("mock:result");

As the sample is part of a unit test, we test it by sending some data to it on port 6200.

MockEndpoint mock = getMockEndpoint("mock:result");
mock.expectedBodiesReceived("Hello World");

template.sendBody("mina:tcp://localhost:" + port1 + "?textline=true&sync=false", "Hello World");

assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();

Sample with sync=true

In the next sample, we have a more common use case where we expose a TCP service on port 6201 also use the textline codec. However, this time we want to return a response, so we set the sync option to true on the consumer.

from("mina:tcp://localhost:" + port2 + "?textline=true&sync=true").process(new Processor() {
    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        String body = exchange.getIn().getBody(String.class);
        exchange.getOut().setBody("Bye " + body);
    }
});

Then we test the sample by sending some data and retrieving the response using the template.requestBody() method. As we know the response is a String, we cast it to String and can assert that the response is, in fact, something we have dynamically set in our processor code logic.

String response = (String)template.requestBody("mina:tcp://localhost:" + port2 + "?textline=true&sync=true", "World");
assertEquals("Bye World", response);

Sample with Spring DSL

Spring DSL can, of course, also be used for MINA. In the sample below we expose a TCP server on port 5555:

   <route>
     <from uri="mina:tcp://localhost:5555?textline=true"/>
     <to uri="bean:myTCPOrderHandler"/>
  </route>

In the route above, we expose a TCP server on port 5555 using the textline codec. We let the Spring bean with ID, myTCPOrderHandler, handle the request and return a reply. For instance, the handler bean could be implemented as follows:

    public String handleOrder(String payload) {
        ...
        return "Order: OK"
   }

Configuring Mina endpoints using Spring bean style

Available as of Camel 2.0

Configuration of Mina endpoints is now possible using regular Spring bean style configuration in the Spring DSL.

However, in the underlying Apache Mina toolkit, it is relatively difficult to set up the acceptor and the connector, because you can not use simple setters. To resolve this difficulty, we leverage the MinaComponent as a Spring factory bean to configure this for us. If you really need to configure this yourself, there are setters on the MinaEndpoint to set these when needed.

The sample below shows the factory approach:

<!-- Creating mina endpoints is a bit complex so we reuse MinaComponnet
     as a factory bean to create our endpoint, this is the easiest to do -->
<bean id="myMinaFactory" class="org.apache.camel.component.mina.MinaComponent">
    <!-- we must provide a camel context so we refer to it by its id -->
    <constructor-arg index="0" ref="myCamel"/>
</bean>

<!-- This is our mina endpoint configured with spring, we will use the factory above
     to create it for us. The goal is to invoke the createEndpoint method with the
     mina configuration parameter we defined using the constructor-arg option -->
<bean id="myMinaEndpoint"
      factory-bean="myMinaFactory"
      factory-method="createEndpoint">
    <!-- and here we can pass it our configuration -->
    <constructor-arg index="0" ref="myMinaConfig"/>
</bean>

<!-- this is our mina configuration with plain properties -->
<bean id="myMinaConfig" class="org.apache.camel.component.mina.MinaConfiguration">
    <property name="protocol" value="tcp"/>
    <property name="host" value="localhost"/>
    <property name="port" value="1234"/>
    <property name="sync" value="false"/>
</bean>

And then we can refer to our endpoint directly in the route, as follows:

<route>
    <!-- here we route from or mina endpoint we have defined above -->
    <from ref="myMinaEndpoint"/>
    <to uri="mock:result"/>
</route>

Closing Session When Complete

Available as of Camel 1.6.1

When acting as a server you sometimes want to close the session when, for example, a client conversion is finished. To instruct Camel to close the session, you should add a header with the key CamelMinaCloseSessionWhenComplete set to a boolean true value.

For instance, the example below will close the session after it has written the bye message back to the client:

        from("mina:tcp://localhost:8080?sync=true&textline=true").process(new Processor() {
            public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
                String body = exchange.getIn().getBody(String.class);
                exchange.getOut().setBody("Bye " + body);
                exchange.getOut().setHeader(MinaConstants.MINA_CLOSE_SESSION_WHEN_COMPLETE, true);
            }
        });

Get the IoSession for message

Available since Camel 2.1
You can get the IoSession from the message header with this key MinaEndpoint.HEADER_MINA_IOSESSION, and also get the local host address with the key MinaEndpoint.HEADER_LOCAL_ADDRESS and remote host address with the key MinaEndpoint.HEADER_REMOTE_ADDRESS.

Configuring Mina filters

Available since Camel 2.0

Filters permit you to use some Mina Filters, such as SslFilter. You can also implement some customized filters. Please note that codec and logger are also implemented as Mina filters of type, IoFilter. Any filters you may define are appended to the end of the filter chain; that is, after codec and logger.

For instance, the example below will send a keep-alive message after 10 seconds of inactivity:

public class KeepAliveFilter extends IoFilterAdapter {
    @Override
    public void sessionCreated(NextFilter nextFilter, IoSession session)
            throws Exception {
        session.setIdleTime(IdleStatus.BOTH_IDLE, 10);

        nextFilter.sessionCreated(session);
    }

    @Override
    public void sessionIdle(NextFilter nextFilter, IoSession session,
            IdleStatus status) throws Exception {
        session.write("NOOP"); // NOOP is a FTP command for keep alive
        nextFilter.sessionIdle(session, status);
    }
}

As Camel Mina may use a request-reply scheme, the endpoint as a client would like to drop some message, such as greeting when the connection is established. For example, when you connect to an FTP server, you will get a 220 message with a greeting (220 Welcome to Pure-FTPd). If you don't drop the message, your request-reply scheme will be broken.

public class DropGreetingFilter extends IoFilterAdapter {

    @Override
    public void messageReceived(NextFilter nextFilter, IoSession session,
            Object message) throws Exception {
        if (message instanceof String) {
            String ftpMessage = (String) message;
            // "220" is given as greeting. "200 Zzz" is given as a response to "NOOP" (keep alive)
            if (ftpMessage.startsWith("220") || or ftpMessage.startsWith("200 Zzz")) {
                // Dropping greeting
                return;
            }
        }
        nextFilter.messageReceived(session, message);
    }
}

Then, you can configure your endpoint using Spring DSL:

<bean id="myMinaFactory" class="org.apache.camel.component.mina.MinaComponent">
    <constructor-arg index="0" ref="camelContext" />
</bean>

<bean id="myMinaEndpoint"
      factory-bean="myMinaFactory"
      factory-method="createEndpoint">
    <constructor-arg index="0" ref="myMinaConfig"/>
</bean>

<bean id="myMinaConfig" class="org.apache.camel.component.mina.MinaConfiguration">
    <property name="protocol" value="tcp" />
    <property name="host" value="localhost" />
    <property name="port" value="2121" />
    <property name="sync" value="true" />
    <property name="minaLogger" value="true" />
    <property name="filters" ref="listFilters"/>
</bean>

<bean id="listFilters" class="java.util.ArrayList" >
    <constructor-arg>
        <list value-type="org.apache.mina.common.IoFilter">
            <bean class="com.example.KeepAliveFilter"/>
            <bean class="com.example.DropGreetingFilter"/>
        </list>
    </constructor-arg>
</bean>

See Also

Mock Component

Testing of distributed and asynchronous processing is notoriously difficult. The Mock, Test and DataSet endpoints work great with the Camel Testing Framework to simplify your unit and integration testing using Enterprise Integration Patterns and Camel's large range of Components together with the powerful Bean Integration.

The Mock component provides a powerful declarative testing mechanism, which is similar to jMock in that it allows declarative expectations to be created on any Mock endpoint before a test begins. Then the test is run, which typically fires messages to one or more endpoints, and finally the expectations can be asserted in a test case to ensure the system worked as expected.

This allows you to test various things like:

  • The correct number of messages are received on each endpoint,
  • The correct payloads are received, in the right order,
  • Messages arrive on an endpoint in order, using some Expression to create an order testing function,
  • Messages arrive match some kind of Predicate such as that specific headers have certain values, or that parts of the messages match some predicate, such as by evaluating an XPath or XQuery Expression.

Note that there is also the Test endpoint which is a Mock endpoint, but which uses a second endpoint to provide the list of expected message bodies and automatically sets up the Mock endpoint assertions. In other words, it's a Mock endpoint that automatically sets up its assertions from some sample messages in a File or database, for example.

Mock endpoints keep received Exchanges in memory indefinitely
Remember that Mock is designed for testing. When you add Mock endpoints to a route, each Exchange sent to the endpoint will be stored (to allow for later validation) in memory until explicitly reset or the JVM is restarted. If you are sending high volume and/or large messages, this may cause excessive memory use. If your goal is to test deployable routes inline, consider using NotifyBuilder or AdviceWith in your tests instead of adding Mock endpoints to routes directly.

From Camel 2.10 onwards there are two new options retainFirst, and retainLast that can be used to limit the number of messages the Mock endpoints keep in memory.

URI format

mock:someName[?options]

Where someName can be any string that uniquely identifies the endpoint.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Option Default Description
reportGroup null A size to use a throughput logger for reporting

Simple Example

Here's a simple example of Mock endpoint in use. First, the endpoint is resolved on the context. Then we set an expectation, and then, after the test has run, we assert that our expectations have been met.

MockEndpoint resultEndpoint = context.resolveEndpoint("mock:foo", MockEndpoint.class);

resultEndpoint.expectedMessageCount(2);

// send some messages
...

// now lets assert that the mock:foo endpoint received 2 messages
resultEndpoint.assertIsSatisfied();

You typically always call the assertIsSatisfied() method to test that the expectations were met after running a test.

Camel will by default wait 10 seconds when the assertIsSatisfied() is invoked. This can be configured by setting the setResultWaitTime(millis) method.

Using assertPeriod

Available as of Camel 2.7
When the assertion is satisfied then Camel will stop waiting and continue from the assertIsSatisfied method. That means if a new message arrives on the mock endpoint, just a bit later, that arrival will not affect the outcome of the assertion. Suppose you do want to test that no new messages arrives after a period thereafter, then you can do that by setting the setAssertPeriod method, for example:

MockEndpoint resultEndpoint = context.resolveEndpoint("mock:foo", MockEndpoint.class);
resultEndpoint.setAssertPeriod(5000);
resultEndpoint.expectedMessageCount(2);

// send some messages
...

// now lets assert that the mock:foo endpoint received 2 messages
resultEndpoint.assertIsSatisfied();

Setting expectations

You can see from the javadoc of MockEndpoint the various helper methods you can use to set expectations. The main methods are as follows:

Method Description
expectedMessageCount(int) To define the expected message count on the endpoint.
expectedMinimumMessageCount(int) To define the minimum number of expected messages on the endpoint.
expectedBodiesReceived(...) To define the expected bodies that should be received (in order).
expectedHeaderReceived(...) To define the expected header that should be received
expectsAscending(Expression) To add an expectation that messages are received in order, using the given Expression to compare messages.
expectsDescending(Expression) To add an expectation that messages are received in order, using the given Expression to compare messages.
expectsNoDuplicates(Expression) To add an expectation that no duplicate messages are received; using an Expression to calculate a unique identifier for each message. This could be something like the JMSMessageID if using JMS, or some unique reference number within the message.

Here's another example:

resultEndpoint.expectedBodiesReceived("firstMessageBody", "secondMessageBody", "thirdMessageBody");

Adding expectations to specific messages

In addition, you can use the message(int messageIndex) method to add assertions about a specific message that is received.

For example, to add expectations of the headers or body of the first message (using zero-based indexing like java.util.List), you can use the following code:

resultEndpoint.message(0).header("foo").isEqualTo("bar");

There are some examples of the Mock endpoint in use in the camel-core processor tests.

Mocking existing endpoints

Available as of Camel 2.7

Camel now allows you to automatically mock existing endpoints in your Camel routes.

How it works
Important: The endpoints are still in action. What happens differently is that a Mock endpoint is injected and receives the message first and then delegates the message to the target endpoint. You can view this as a kind of intercept and delegate or endpoint listener.

Suppose you have the given route below:

Route
@Override
protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        @Override
        public void configure() throws Exception {
            from("direct:start").to("direct:foo").to("log:foo").to("mock:result");

            from("direct:foo").transform(constant("Bye World"));
        }
    };
}

You can then use the adviceWith feature in Camel to mock all the endpoints in a given route from your unit test, as shown below:

adviceWith mocking all endpoints
public void testAdvisedMockEndpoints() throws Exception {
    // advice the first route using the inlined AdviceWith route builder
    // which has extended capabilities than the regular route builder
    context.getRouteDefinitions().get(0).adviceWith(context, new AdviceWithRouteBuilder() {
        @Override
        public void configure() throws Exception {
            // mock all endpoints
            mockEndpoints();
        }
    });

    getMockEndpoint("mock:direct:start").expectedBodiesReceived("Hello World");
    getMockEndpoint("mock:direct:foo").expectedBodiesReceived("Hello World");
    getMockEndpoint("mock:log:foo").expectedBodiesReceived("Bye World");
    getMockEndpoint("mock:result").expectedBodiesReceived("Bye World");

    template.sendBody("direct:start", "Hello World");

    assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();

    // additional test to ensure correct endpoints in registry
    assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("direct:start"));
    assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("direct:foo"));
    assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("log:foo"));
    assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("mock:result"));
    // all the endpoints was mocked
    assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("mock:direct:start"));
    assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("mock:direct:foo"));
    assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("mock:log:foo"));
}

Notice that the mock endpoints is given the uri mock:<endpoint>, for example mock:direct:foo. Camel logs at INFO level the endpoints being mocked:

INFO  Adviced endpoint [direct://foo] with mock endpoint [mock:direct:foo]
Mocked endpoints are without parameters
Endpoints which are mocked will have their parameters stripped off. For example the endpoint "log:foo?showAll=true" will be mocked to the following endpoint "mock:log:foo". Notice the parameters have been removed.

Its also possible to only mock certain endpoints using a pattern. For example to mock all log endpoints you do as shown:

adviceWith mocking only log endpoints using a pattern
public void testAdvisedMockEndpointsWithPattern() throws Exception {
    // advice the first route using the inlined AdviceWith route builder
    // which has extended capabilities than the regular route builder
    context.getRouteDefinitions().get(0).adviceWith(context, new AdviceWithRouteBuilder() {
        @Override
        public void configure() throws Exception {
            // mock only log endpoints
            mockEndpoints("log*");
        }
    });

    // now we can refer to log:foo as a mock and set our expectations
    getMockEndpoint("mock:log:foo").expectedBodiesReceived("Bye World");

    getMockEndpoint("mock:result").expectedBodiesReceived("Bye World");

    template.sendBody("direct:start", "Hello World");

    assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();

    // additional test to ensure correct endpoints in registry
    assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("direct:start"));
    assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("direct:foo"));
    assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("log:foo"));
    assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("mock:result"));
    // only the log:foo endpoint was mocked
    assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("mock:log:foo"));
    assertNull(context.hasEndpoint("mock:direct:start"));
    assertNull(context.hasEndpoint("mock:direct:foo"));
}

The pattern supported can be a wildcard or a regular expression. See more details about this at Intercept as its the same matching function used by Camel.

Mind that mocking endpoints causes the messages to be copied when they arrive on the mock.
That means Camel will use more memory. This may not be suitable when you send in a lot of messages.

Mocking existing endpoints using the camel-test component

Instead of using the adviceWith to instruct Camel to mock endpoints, you can easily enable this behavior when using the camel-test Test Kit.
The same route can be tested as follows. Notice that we return "*" from the isMockEndpoints method, which tells Camel to mock all endpoints.
If you only want to mock all log endpoints you can return "log*" instead.

isMockEndpoints using camel-test kit
public class IsMockEndpointsJUnit4Test extends CamelTestSupport {

    @Override
    public String isMockEndpoints() {
        // override this method and return the pattern for which endpoints to mock.
        // use * to indicate all
        return "*";
    }

    @Test
    public void testMockAllEndpoints() throws Exception {
        // notice we have automatic mocked all endpoints and the name of the endpoints is "mock:uri"
        getMockEndpoint("mock:direct:start").expectedBodiesReceived("Hello World");
        getMockEndpoint("mock:direct:foo").expectedBodiesReceived("Hello World");
        getMockEndpoint("mock:log:foo").expectedBodiesReceived("Bye World");
        getMockEndpoint("mock:result").expectedBodiesReceived("Bye World");

        template.sendBody("direct:start", "Hello World");

        assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();

        // additional test to ensure correct endpoints in registry
        assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("direct:start"));
        assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("direct:foo"));
        assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("log:foo"));
        assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("mock:result"));
        // all the endpoints was mocked
        assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("mock:direct:start"));
        assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("mock:direct:foo"));
        assertNotNull(context.hasEndpoint("mock:log:foo"));
    }

    @Override
    protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
        return new RouteBuilder() {
            @Override
            public void configure() throws Exception {
                from("direct:start").to("direct:foo").to("log:foo").to("mock:result");

                from("direct:foo").transform(constant("Bye World"));
            }
        };
    }
}

Mocking existing endpoints with XML DSL

If you do not use the camel-test component for unit testing (as shown above) you can use a different approach when using XML files for routes.
The solution is to create a new XML file used by the unit test and then include the intended XML file which has the route you want to test.

Suppose we have the route in the camel-route.xml file:

camel-route.xml
<!-- this camel route is in the camel-route.xml file -->
<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">

    <route>
        <from uri="direct:start"/>
        <to uri="direct:foo"/>
        <to uri="log:foo"/>
        <to uri="mock:result"/>
    </route>

    <route>
        <from uri="direct:foo"/>
        <transform>
            <constant>Bye World</constant>
        </transform>
    </route>

</camelContext>

Then we create a new XML file as follows, where we include the camel-route.xml file and define a spring bean with the class org.apache.camel.impl.InterceptSendToMockEndpointStrategy which tells Camel to mock all endpoints:

test-camel-route.xml
<!-- the Camel route is defined in another XML file -->
<import resource="camel-route.xml"/>

<!-- bean which enables mocking all endpoints -->
<bean id="mockAllEndpoints" class="org.apache.camel.impl.InterceptSendToMockEndpointStrategy"/>

Then in your unit test you load the new XML file (test-camel-route.xml) instead of camel-route.xml.

To only mock all Log endpoints you can define the pattern in the constructor for the bean:

<bean id="mockAllEndpoints" class="org.apache.camel.impl.InterceptSendToMockEndpointStrategy">
    <constructor-arg index="0" value="log*"/>
</bean>

Mocking endpoints and skip sending to original endpoint

Available as of Camel 2.10

Sometimes you want to easily mock and skip sending to a certain endpoints. So the message is detoured and send to the mock endpoint only. From Camel 2.10 onwards you can now use the mockEndpointsAndSkip method using AdviceWith or the [Test Kit]. The example below will skip sending to the two endpoints "direct:foo", and "direct:bar".

adviceWith mock and skip sending to endpoints
public void testAdvisedMockEndpointsWithSkip() throws Exception {
    // advice the first route using the inlined AdviceWith route builder
    // which has extended capabilities than the regular route builder
    context.getRouteDefinitions().get(0).adviceWith(context, new AdviceWithRouteBuilder() {
        @Override
        public void configure() throws Exception {
            // mock sending to direct:foo and direct:bar and skip send to it
            mockEndpointsAndSkip("direct:foo", "direct:bar");
        }
    });

    getMockEndpoint("mock:result").expectedBodiesReceived("Hello World");
    getMockEndpoint("mock:direct:foo").expectedMessageCount(1);
    getMockEndpoint("mock:direct:bar").expectedMessageCount(1);

    template.sendBody("direct:start", "Hello World");

    assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();

    // the message was not send to the direct:foo route and thus not sent to the seda endpoint
    SedaEndpoint seda = context.getEndpoint("seda:foo", SedaEndpoint.class);
    assertEquals(0, seda.getCurrentQueueSize());
}

The same example using the Test Kit

isMockEndpointsAndSkip using camel-test kit
public class IsMockEndpointsAndSkipJUnit4Test extends CamelTestSupport {

    @Override
    public String isMockEndpointsAndSkip() {
        // override this method and return the pattern for which endpoints to mock,
        // and skip sending to the original endpoint.
        return "direct:foo";
    }

    @Test
    public void testMockEndpointAndSkip() throws Exception {
        // notice we have automatic mocked the direct:foo endpoints and the name of the endpoints is "mock:uri"
        getMockEndpoint("mock:result").expectedBodiesReceived("Hello World");
        getMockEndpoint("mock:direct:foo").expectedMessageCount(1);

        template.sendBody("direct:start", "Hello World");

        assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();

        // the message was not send to the direct:foo route and thus not sent to the seda endpoint
        SedaEndpoint seda = context.getEndpoint("seda:foo", SedaEndpoint.class);
        assertEquals(0, seda.getCurrentQueueSize());
    }

    @Override
    protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
        return new RouteBuilder() {
            @Override
            public void configure() throws Exception {
                from("direct:start").to("direct:foo").to("mock:result");

                from("direct:foo").transform(constant("Bye World")).to("seda:foo");
            }
        };
    }
}

Limiting the number of messages to keep

Available as of Camel 2.10

The Mock endpoints will by default keep a copy of every Exchange that it received. So if you test with a lot of messages, then it will consume memory.
From Camel 2.10 onwards we have introduced two options retainFirst and retainLast that can be used to specify to only keep N'th of the first and/or last Exchanges.

For example in the code below, we only want to retain a copy of the first 5 and last 5 Exchanges the mock receives.

  MockEndpoint mock = getMockEndpoint("mock:data");
  mock.setRetainFirst(5);
  mock.setRetainLast(5);
  mock.expectedMessageCount(2000);

  ...

  mock.assertIsSatisfied();

Using this has some limitations. The getExchanges() and getReceivedExchanges() methods on the MockEndpoint will return only the retained copies of the Exchanges. So in the example above, the list will contain 10 Exchanges; the first five, and the last five.
The retainFirst and retainLast options also have limitations on which expectation methods you can use. For example the expectedXXX methods that work on message bodies, headers, etc. will only operate on the retained messages. In the example above they can test only the expectations on the 10 retained messages.

Testing with arrival times

Available as of Camel 2.7

The Mock endpoint stores the arrival time of the message as a property on the Exchange.

Date time = exchange.getProperty(Exchange.RECEIVED_TIMESTAMP, Date.class);

You can use this information to know when the message arrived on the mock. But it also provides foundation to know the time interval between the previous and next message arrived on the mock. You can use this to set expectations using the arrives DSL on the Mock endpoint.

For example to say that the first message should arrive between 0-2 seconds before the next you can do:

mock.message(0).arrives().noLaterThan(2).seconds().beforeNext();

You can also define this as that 2nd message (0 index based) should arrive no later than 0-2 seconds after the previous:

mock.message(1).arrives().noLaterThan(2).seconds().afterPrevious();

You can also use between to set a lower bound. For example suppose that it should be between 1-4 seconds:

mock.message(1).arrives().between(1, 4).seconds().afterPrevious();

You can also set the expectation on all messages, for example to say that the gap between them should be at most 1 second:

mock.allMessages().arrives().noLaterThan(1).seconds().beforeNext();
time units
In the example above we use seconds as the time unit, but Camel offers milliseconds, and minutes as well.

See Also

MSV Component

The MSV component performs XML validation of the message body using the MSV Library and any of the supported XML schema languages, such as XML Schema or RelaxNG XML Syntax.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-msv</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

Note that the Jing component also supports RelaxNG Compact Syntax

URI format

msv:someLocalOrRemoteResource[?options]

Where someLocalOrRemoteResource is some URL to a local resource on the classpath or a full URL to a remote resource or resource on the file system. For example

msv:org/foo/bar.rng
msv:file:../foo/bar.rng
msv:http://acme.com/cheese.rng

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Option Default Description
useDom true Camel 2.0: Whether DOMSource/DOMResult or SaxSource/SaxResult should be used by the validator. Note: DOM must be used by the MSV component.

Example

The following example shows how to configure a route from endpoint direct:start which then goes to one of two endpoints, either mock:valid or mock:invalid based on whether or not the XML matches the given RelaxNG XML Schema (which is supplied on the classpath).

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <route>
        <from uri="direct:start"/>
        <doTry>
            <to uri="msv:org/apache/camel/component/validator/msv/schema.rng"/>
            <to uri="mock:valid"/>

            <doCatch>
                <exception>org.apache.camel.ValidationException</exception>
                <to uri="mock:invalid"/>
            </doCatch>
            <doFinally>
                <to uri="mock:finally"/>
            </doFinally>
        </doTry>
    </route>
</camelContext>

See Also

MyBatis

Available as of Camel 2.7

The mybatis: component allows you to query, poll, insert, update and delete data in a relational database using MyBatis.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

mybatis:statementName[?options]

Where statementName is the statement name in the MyBatis XML mapping file which maps to the query, insert, update or delete operation you wish to evaluate.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

This component will by default load the MyBatis SqlMapConfig file from the root of the classpath with the expected name of SqlMapConfig.xml.
If the file is located in another location, you will need to configure the configurationUri option on the MyBatisComponent component.

Options

Option Type Default Description
consumer.onConsume String null Statements to run after consuming. Can be used, for example, to update rows after they have been consumed and processed in Camel. See sample later. Multiple statements can be separated with commas.
consumer.useIterator boolean true If true each row returned when polling will be processed individually. If false the entire List of data is set as the IN body.
consumer.routeEmptyResultSet boolean false Sets whether empty result sets should be routed.
statementType StatementType null Mandatory to specify for the producer to control which kind of operation to invoke. The enum values are: SelectOne, SelectList, Insert, InsertList, Update, Delete. Notice: InsertList is available as of Camel 2.10.
maxMessagesPerPoll int 0 An integer to define the maximum messages to gather per poll. By default, no maximum is set. Can be used to set a limit of e.g. 1000 to avoid when starting up the server that there are thousands of files. Set a value of 0 or negative to disable it.

Message Headers

Camel will populate the result message, either IN or OUT with a header with the statement used:

Header Type Description
CamelMyBatisStatementName String The statementName used (for example: insertAccount).
CamelMyBatisResult Object The response returned from MtBatis in any of the operations. For instance an INSERT could return the auto-generated key, or number of rows etc.

Message Body

The response from MyBatis will only be set as the body if it's a SELECT statement. That means, for example, for INSERT statements Camel will not replace the body. This allows you to continue routing and keep the original body. The response from MyBatis is always stored in the header with the key CamelMyBatisResult.

Samples

For example if you wish to consume beans from a JMS queue and insert them into a database you could do the following:

from("activemq:queue:newAccount").
  to("mybatis:insertAccount?statementType=Insert");

Notice we have to specify the statementType, as we need to instruct Camel which kind of operation to invoke.

Where insertAccount is the MyBatis ID in the SQL mapping file:

  <!-- Insert example, using the Account parameter class -->
  <insert id="insertAccount" parameterType="Account">
    insert into ACCOUNT (
      ACC_ID,
      ACC_FIRST_NAME,
      ACC_LAST_NAME,
      ACC_EMAIL
    )
    values (
      #{id}, #{firstName}, #{lastName}, #{emailAddress}
    )
  </insert>

Using StatementType for better control of MyBatis

When routing to an MyBatis endpoint you will want more fine grained control so you can control whether the SQL statement to be executed is a SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT etc. So for instance if we want to route to an MyBatis endpoint in which the IN body contains parameters to a SELECT statement we can do:

from("direct:start")
    .to("mybatis:selectAccountById?statementType=SelectOne")
    .to("mock:result");

In the code above we can invoke the MyBatis statement selectAccountById and the IN body should contain the account id we want to retrieve, such as an Integer type.

We can do the same for some of the other operations, such as SelectList:

from("direct:start")
    .to("mybatis:selectAllAccounts?statementType=SelectList")
    .to("mock:result");

And the same for UPDATE, where we can send an Account object as the IN body to MyBatis:

from("direct:start")
    .to("mybatis:updateAccount?statementType=Update")
    .to("mock:result");

Using InsertList StatementType

Available as of Camel 2.10

MyBatis allows you to insert multiple rows using its for-each batch driver. To use this, you need to use the <foreach> in the mapper XML file. For example as shown below:

<!-- Batch Insert example, using the Account parameter class -->
<insert id="batchInsertAccount" parameterType="java.util.List">
    insert into ACCOUNT (
    ACC_ID,
    ACC_FIRST_NAME,
    ACC_LAST_NAME,
    ACC_EMAIL
    )
    values (
    <foreach item="Account" collection="list" open="" close="" separator="),(">
        #{Account.id}, #{Account.firstName}, #{Account.lastName}, #{Account.emailAddress}
    </foreach>
    )
</insert>

Then you can insert multiple rows, by sending a Camel message to the mybatis endpoint which uses the InsertList statement type, as shown below:

from("direct:start")
    .to("mybatis:batchInsertAccount?statementType=InsertList")
    .to("mock:result");

Scheduled polling example

Since this component does not support scheduled polling, you need to use another mechanism for triggering the scheduled polls, such as the Timer or Quartz components.

In the sample below we poll the database, every 30 seconds using the Timer component and send the data to the JMS queue:

from("timer://pollTheDatabase?delay=30000").to("mbatis:selectAllAccounts").to("activemq:queue:allAccounts");

And the MyBatis SQL mapping file used:

  <!-- Select with no parameters using the result map for Account class. -->
  <select id="selectAllAccounts" resultMap="AccountResult">
    select * from ACCOUNT
  </select>

Using onConsume

This component supports executing statements after data have been consumed and processed by Camel. This allows you to do post updates in the database. Notice all statements must be UPDATE statements. Camel supports executing multiple statements whose names should be separated by commas.

The route below illustrates we execute the consumeAccount statement data is processed. This allows us to change the status of the row in the database to processed, so we avoid consuming it twice or more.

from("mybatis:selectUnprocessedAccounts?consumer.onConsume=consumeAccount").to("mock:results");

And the statements in the sqlmap file:

<select id="selectUnprocessedAccounts" resultMap="AccountResult">
    select * from ACCOUNT where PROCESSED = false
</select>
<update id="consumeAccount" parameterType="Account">
    update ACCOUNT set PROCESSED = true where ACC_ID = #{id}
</update>

See Also

Nagios

Available as of Camel 2.3

The Nagios component allows you to send passive checks to Nagios.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-nagios</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

nagios://host[:port][?Options]

Camel provides two abilities with the Nagios component. You can send passive check messages by sending a message to its endpoint.
Camel also provides a EventNotifer which allows you to send notifications to Nagios.

Options

Name Default Value Description
host none This is the address of the Nagios host where checks should be send.
port   The port number of the host.
password   Password to be authenticated when sending checks to Nagios.
connectionTimeout 5000 Connection timeout in millis.
timeout 5000 Sending timeout in millis.
nagiosSettings   To use an already configured com.googlecode.jsendnsca.core.NagiosSettings object. Then any of the other options are not in use, if using this.
sendSync true Whether or not to use synchronous when sending a passive check. Setting it to false will allow Camel to continue routing the message and the passive check message will be send asynchronously.
encryptionMethod No Camel 2.9: To specify an encryption method. Possible values: No, Xor, or TripleDes.

Headers

Name Description
CamelNagiosHostName This is the address of the Nagios host where checks should be send. This header will override any existing hostname configured on the endpoint.
CamelNagiosLevel This is the severity level. You can use values CRITICAL, WARNING, OK. Camel will by default use OK.
CamelNagiosServiceName The servie name. Will default use the CamelContext name.

Sending message examples

You can send a message to Nagios where the message payload contains the message. By default it will be OK level and use the CamelContext name as the service name. You can overrule these values using headers as shown above.

For example we send the Hello Nagios message to Nagios as follows:

    template.sendBody("direct:start", "Hello Nagios");

    from("direct:start").to("nagios:127.0.0.1:5667?password=secret").to("mock:result");

To send a CRITICAL message you can send the headers such as:

        Map headers = new HashMap();
        headers.put(NagiosConstants.LEVEL, "CRITICAL");
        headers.put(NagiosConstants.HOST_NAME, "myHost");
        headers.put(NagiosConstants.SERVICE_NAME, "myService");
        template.sendBodyAndHeaders("direct:start", "Hello Nagios", headers);

Using NagiosEventNotifer

The Nagios component also provides an EventNotifer which you can use to send events to Nagios. For example we can enable this from Java as follows:

        NagiosEventNotifier notifier = new NagiosEventNotifier();
        notifier.getConfiguration().setHost("localhost");
        notifier.getConfiguration().setPort(5667);
        notifier.getConfiguration().setPassword("password");

        CamelContext context = ... 
        context.getManagementStrategy().addEventNotifier(notifier);
        return context;

In Spring XML its just a matter of defining a Spring bean with the type EventNotifier and Camel will pick it up as documented here: Advanced configuration of CamelContext using Spring.

See Also

Netty Component

Available as of Camel 2.3

The netty component in Camel is a socket communication component, based on the Netty project.
Netty is a NIO client server framework which enables quick and easy development of network applications such as protocol servers and clients.
Netty greatly simplifies and streamlines network programming such as TCP and UDP socket server.

This camel component supports both producer and consumer endpoints.

The Netty component has several options and allows fine-grained control of a number of TCP/UDP communication parameters (buffer sizes, keepAlives, tcpNoDelay etc) and facilitates both In-Only and In-Out communication on a Camel route.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-netty</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

The URI scheme for a netty component is as follows

netty:tcp://localhost:99999[?options]
netty:udp://remotehost:99999/[?options]

This component supports producer and consumer endpoints for both TCP and UDP.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
keepAlive true Setting to ensure socket is not closed due to inactivity
tcpNoDelay true Setting to improve TCP protocol performance
broadcast false Setting to choose Multicast over UDP
connectTimeout 10000 Time to wait for a socket connection to be available. Value is in millis.
reuseAddress true Setting to facilitate socket multiplexing
sync true Setting to set endpoint as one-way or request-response
ssl false Setting to specify whether SSL encryption is applied to this endpoint
sendBufferSize 65536 bytes The TCP/UDP buffer sizes to be used during outbound communication. Size is bytes.
receiveBufferSize 65536 bytes The TCP/UDP buffer sizes to be used during inbound communication. Size is bytes.
corePoolSize 10 The number of allocated threads at component startup. Defaults to 10. Note: This option is removed from Camel 2.9.2 onwards. As we rely on Nettys default settings.
maxPoolSize 100 The maximum number of threads that may be allocated to this endpoint. Defaults to 100. Note: This option is removed from Camel 2.9.2 onwards. As we rely on Nettys default settings.
disconnect false Whether or not to disconnect(close) from Netty Channel right after use. Can be used for both consumer and producer.
lazyChannelCreation true Channels can be lazily created to avoid exceptions, if the remote server is not up and running when the Camel producer is started.
transferExchange false Only used for TCP. You can transfer the exchange over the wire instead of just the body. The following fields are transferred: In body, Out body, fault body, In headers, Out headers, fault headers, exchange properties, exchange exception. This requires that the objects are serializable. Camel will exclude any non-serializable objects and log it at WARN level.
disconnectOnNoReply true If sync is enabled then this option dictates NettyConsumer if it should disconnect where there is no reply to send back.
noReplyLogLevel WARN If sync is enabled this option dictates NettyConsumer which logging level to use when logging a there is no reply to send back. Values are: FATAL, ERROR, INFO, DEBUG, OFF.
allowDefaultCodec true Camel 2.4: The netty component installs a default codec if both, encoder/deocder is null and textline is false. Setting allowDefaultCodec to false prevents the netty component from installing a default codec as the first element in the filter chain.
textline false Camel 2.4: Only used for TCP. If no codec is specified, you can use this flag to indicate a text line based codec; if not specified or the value is false, then Object Serialization is assumed over TCP.
delimiter LINE Camel 2.4: The delimiter to use for the textline codec. Possible values are LINE and NULL.
decoderMaxLineLength 1024 Camel 2.4: The max line length to use for the textline codec.
autoAppendDelimiter true Camel 2.4: Whether or not to auto append missing end delimiter when sending using the textline codec.
encoding null Camel 2.4: The encoding (a charset name) to use for the textline codec. If not provided, Camel will use the JVM default Charset.
workerCount null Camel 2.9: When netty works on nio mode, it uses default workerCount parameter from Netty, which is cpu_core_threads*2. User can use this operation to override the default workerCount from Netty
sslContextParametersRef null Camel 2.9: Reference to a org.apache.camel.util.jsse.SSLContextParameters in the Registry.  This reference overrides any configured SSLContextParameters at the component level.  See Using the JSSE Configuration Utility.
receiveBufferSizePredictor null Camel 2.9: Configures the buffer size predictor. See details at Jetty documentation and this mail thread.

Registry based Options

Codec Handlers and SSL Keystores can be enlisted in the Registry, such as in the Spring XML file.
The values that could be passed in, are the following:

Name Description
passphrase password setting to use in order to encrypt/decrypt payloads sent using SSH
keyStoreFormat keystore format to be used for payload encryption. Defaults to "JKS" if not set
securityProvider Security provider to be used for payload encryption. Defaults to "SunX509" if not set.
keyStoreFile Client side certificate keystore to be used for encryption
trustStoreFile Server side certificate keystore to be used for encryption
sslHandler Reference to a class that could be used to return an SSL Handler
encoder A custom Handler class that can be used to perform special marshalling of outbound payloads. Must override org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelDownStreamHandler.
encorders A list of encoder to be used. You can use a String which have values separated by comma, and have the values be looked up in the Registry. Just remember to prefix the value with # so Camel knows it should lookup.
decoder A custom Handler class that can be used to perform special marshalling of inbound payloads. Must override org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelUpStreamHandler.
decoders A list of decorder to be used. You can use a String which have values separated by comma, and have the values be looked up in the Registry. Just remember to prefix the value with # so Camel knows it should lookup.

Sending Messages to/from a Netty endpoint

Netty Producer

In Producer mode, the component provides the ability to send payloads to a socket endpoint
using either TCP or UDP protocols (with optional SSL support).

The producer mode supports both one-way and request-response based operations.

Netty Consumer

In Consumer mode, the component provides the ability to:

  • listen on a specified socket using either TCP or UDP protocols (with optional SSL support),
  • receive requests on the socket using text/xml, binary and serialized object based payloads and
  • send them along on a route as message exchanges.

The consumer mode supports both one-way and request-response based operations.

Usage Samples

A UDP Netty endpoint using Request-Reply and serialized object payload

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
  public void configure() {
    from("netty:udp://localhost:5155?sync=true")
      .process(new Processor() {
         public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
           Poetry poetry = (Poetry) exchange.getIn().getBody();
           poetry.setPoet("Dr. Sarojini Naidu");
           exchange.getOut().setBody(poetry);
         }
       }
    }
};

A TCP based Netty consumer endpoint using One-way communication

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
  public void configure() {
       from("netty:tcp://localhost:5150")
           .to("mock:result");
  }
};

An SSL/TCP based Netty consumer endpoint using Request-Reply communication

Using the JSSE Configuration Utility

As of Camel 2.9, the Netty component supports SSL/TLS configuration through the Camel JSSE Configuration Utility.  This utility greatly decreases the amount of component specific code you need to write and is configurable at the endpoint and component levels.  The following examples demonstrate how to use the utility with the Netty component.

Programmatic configuration of the component
KeyStoreParameters ksp = new KeyStoreParameters();
ksp.setResource("/users/home/server/keystore.jks");
ksp.setPassword("keystorePassword");

KeyManagersParameters kmp = new KeyManagersParameters();
kmp.setKeyStore(ksp);
kmp.setKeyPassword("keyPassword");

SSLContextParameters scp = new SSLContextParameters();
scp.setKeyManagers(kmp);

NettyComponent nettyComponent = getContext().getComponent("netty", NettyComponent.class);
nettyComponent.setSslContextParameters(scp);
Spring DSL based configuration of endpoint
...
  <camel:sslContextParameters
      id="sslContextParameters">
    <camel:keyManagers
        keyPassword="keyPassword">
      <camel:keyStore
          resource="/users/home/server/keystore.jks"
          password="keystorePassword"/>
    </camel:keyManagers>
  </camel:sslContextParameters>...
...
  <to uri="netty:tcp://localhost:5150?sync=true&ssl=true&sslContextParameters=#sslContextParameters"/>
...
Using Basic SSL/TLS configuration on the Jetty Component
JndiRegistry registry = new JndiRegistry(createJndiContext());
registry.bind("password", "changeit");
registry.bind("ksf", new File("src/test/resources/keystore.jks"));
registry.bind("tsf", new File("src/test/resources/keystore.jks"));

context.createRegistry(registry);
context.addRoutes(new RouteBuilder() {
  public void configure() {
      String netty_ssl_endpoint =
         "netty:tcp://localhost:5150?sync=true&ssl=true&passphrase=#password"
         + "&keyStoreFile=#ksf&trustStoreFile=#tsf";
      String return_string =
         "When You Go Home, Tell Them Of Us And Say,"
         + "For Your Tomorrow, We Gave Our Today.";

      from(netty_ssl_endpoint)
       .process(new Processor() {
          public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
            exchange.getOut().setBody(return_string);
          }
       }
  }
});

Using Multiple Codecs

In certain cases it may be necessary to add chains of encoders and decoders to the netty pipeline. To add multpile codecs to a camel netty endpoint the 'encoders' and 'decoders' uri parameters should be used. Like the 'encoder' and 'decoder' parameters they are used to supply references (to lists of ChannelUpstreamHandlers and ChannelDownstreamHandlers) that should be added to the pipeline. Note that if encoders is specified then the encoder param will be ignored, similarly for decoders and the decoder param.

The lists of codecs need to be added to the Camel's registry so they can be resolved when the endpoint is created.

LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder lengthDecoder = new LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder(1048576, 0, 4, 0, 4);
StringDecoder stringDecoder = new StringDecoder();
registry.bind("length-decoder", lengthDecoder);
registry.bind("string-decoder", stringDecoder);

LengthFieldPrepender lengthEncoder = new LengthFieldPrepender(4);
StringEncoder stringEncoder = new StringEncoder();
registry.bind("length-encoder", lengthEncoder);
registry.bind("string-encoder", stringEncoder);

List<ChannelUpstreamHandler> decoders = new ArrayList<ChannelUpstreamHandler>();
decoders.add(lengthDecoder);
decoders.add(stringDecoder);

List<ChannelDownstreamHandler> encoders = new ArrayList<ChannelDownstreamHandler>();
encoders.add(lengthEncoder);
encoders.add(stringEncoder);

registry.bind("encoders", encoders);
registry.bind("decoders", decoders);

Spring's native collections support can be used to specify the codec lists in an application context

    <util:list id="decoders" list-class="java.util.LinkedList">
        <bean class="org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.frame.LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder">
            <constructor-arg value="1048576"/>
            <constructor-arg value="0"/>
            <constructor-arg value="4"/>
            <constructor-arg value="0"/>
            <constructor-arg value="4"/>
        </bean>
        <bean class="org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder"/>
    </util:list>

    <util:list id="encoders" list-class="java.util.LinkedList">
        <bean class="org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.frame.LengthFieldPrepender">
            <constructor-arg value="4"/>
        </bean>
        <bean class="org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder"/>
    </util:list>

    <bean id="length-encoder" class="org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.frame.LengthFieldPrepender">
        <constructor-arg value="4"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="string-encoder" class="org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder"/>

    <bean id="length-decoder" class="org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.frame.LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder">
        <constructor-arg value="1048576"/>
        <constructor-arg value="0"/>
        <constructor-arg value="4"/>
        <constructor-arg value="0"/>
        <constructor-arg value="4"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="string-decoder" class="org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder"/>

</beans>

The bean names can then be used in netty endpoint definitions either as a comma separated list or contained in a List e.g.

                from("direct:multiple-codec").to("netty:tcp://localhost:{{port}}?encoders=#encoders&sync=false");
                
                from("netty:tcp://localhost:{{port}}?decoders=#length-decoder,#string-decoder&sync=false").to("mock:multiple-codec");
            }
        };
    }
}

or via spring.

<camelContext id="multiple-netty-codecs-context" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <route>
        <from uri="direct:multiple-codec"/>
        <to uri="netty:tcp://localhost:5150?encoders=#encoders&amp;sync=false"/>
    </route>
    <route>
        <from uri="netty:tcp://localhost:5150?decoders=#length-decoder,#string-decoder&amp;sync=false"/>
        <to uri="mock:multiple-codec"/>
    </route>
</camelContext>

Closing Channel When Complete

When acting as a server you sometimes want to close the channel when, for example, a client conversion is finished.
You can do this by simply setting the endpoint option disconnect=true.

However you can also instruct Camel on a per message basis as follows.
To instruct Camel to close the channel, you should add a header with the key CamelNettyCloseChannelWhenComplete set to a boolean true value.
For instance, the example below will close the channel after it has written the bye message back to the client:

        from("netty:tcp://localhost:8080").process(new Processor() {
            public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
                String body = exchange.getIn().getBody(String.class);
                exchange.getOut().setBody("Bye " + body);
                // some condition which determines if we should close
                if (close) {
                    exchange.getOut().setHeader(NettyConstants.NETTY_CLOSE_CHANNEL_WHEN_COMPLETE, true);
                }
            }
        });

Adding custom channel pipeline factories to gain complete control over a created pipeline

Available as of Camel 2.5

Custom channel pipelines provide complete control to the user over the handler/interceptor chain by inserting custom handler(s), encoder(s) & decoders without having to specify them in the Netty Endpoint URL in a very simple way.

In order to add a custom pipeline, a custom channel pipeline factory must be created and registered with the context via the context registry (JNDIRegistry,or the camel-spring ApplicationContextRegistry etc).

A custom pipeline factory must be constructed as follows

  • A Producer linked channel pipeline factory must extend the abstract class ClientPipelineFactory.
  • A Consumer linked channel pipeline factory must extend the abstract class ServerPipelineFactory.
  • Camel 2.9.1 or older: The classes should override the getPipeline() method in order to insert custom handler(s), encoder(s) and decoder(s). Not overriding the getPipeline() method creates a pipeline with no handlers, encoders or decoders wired to the pipeline.
  • Camel 2.9.2 or newer: The classes must implement the getPipeline(NettyProducer) / getPipeline(NettyConsumer) method in order to insert custom handler(s), encoder(s) and decoder(s).

The example below shows how ServerChannel Pipeline factory may be created

Camel 2.9.1 or older
public class SampleServerChannelPipelineFactory extends ServerPipelineFactory {
    private int maxLineSize = 1024;

    public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline channelPipeline = Channels.pipeline();

        channelPipeline.addLast("encoder-SD", new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        channelPipeline.addLast("decoder-DELIM", new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(maxLineSize, true, Delimiters.lineDelimiter()));
        channelPipeline.addLast("decoder-SD", new StringDecoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        // here we add the default Camel ServerChannelHandler for the consumer, to allow Camel to route the message etc.
        channelPipeline.addLast("handler", new ServerChannelHandler(consumer));

        return channelPipeline;
    }
}

And from Camel 2.9.2 onwards you do

Camel 2.9.2 or newer
public class SampleServerChannelPipelineFactory extends ServerPipelineFactory {
    private int maxLineSize = 1024;

    public ChannelPipeline getPipeline(NettyConsumer consumer) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline channelPipeline = Channels.pipeline();

        channelPipeline.addLast("encoder-SD", new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        channelPipeline.addLast("decoder-DELIM", new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(maxLineSize, true, Delimiters.lineDelimiter()));
        channelPipeline.addLast("decoder-SD", new StringDecoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        // here we add the default Camel ServerChannelHandler for the consumer, to allow Camel to route the message etc.
        channelPipeline.addLast("handler", new ServerChannelHandler(consumer));

        return channelPipeline;
    }
}

The custom channel pipeline factory can then be added to the registry and instantiated/utilized on a camel route in the following way

Registry registry = camelContext.getRegistry();
serverPipelineFactory = new TestServerChannelPipelineFactory();
registry.bind("spf", serverPipelineFactory);
context.addRoutes(new RouteBuilder() {
  public void configure() {
      String netty_ssl_endpoint =
         "netty:tcp://localhost:5150?serverPipelineFactory=#spf"
      String return_string =
         "When You Go Home, Tell Them Of Us And Say,"
         + "For Your Tomorrow, We Gave Our Today.";

      from(netty_ssl_endpoint)
       .process(new Processor() {
          public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
            exchange.getOut().setBody(return_string);
          }
       }
  }
});

See Also

NMR Component

The nmr component is an adapter to the Normalized Message Router (NMR) in ServiceMix, which is intended for use by Camel applications deployed directly into the OSGi container. You can exchange objects with NMR and not only XML like this is the case with the JBI specification. The interest of this component is that you can interconnect camel routes deployed in different OSGI bundles.

By contrast, the JBI component is intended for use by Camel applications deployed into the ServiceMix JBI container.

Installing

The NMR component is provided with Apache ServiceMix. It is not distributed with Camel. To install the NMR component in ServiceMix, enter the following command in the ServiceMix console window:

features install nmr

You also need to instantiate the NMR component. You can do this by editing your Spring configuration file, META-INF/spring/*.xml, and adding the following bean instance:

<beans xmlns:osgi="http://www.springframework.org/schema/osgi" ... >
    ...
    <bean id="nmr" class="org.apache.servicemix.camel.nmr.ServiceMixComponent">
        <property name="nmr">
            <osgi:reference interface="org.apache.servicemix.nmr.api.NMR" />
        </property>
    </bean>
    ...
</beans>

NMR consumer and producer endpoints

The following code:

from("nmr:MyServiceEndpoint")

Automatically exposes a new endpoint to the bus with endpoint name MyServiceEndpoint (see URI-format).

When an NMR endpoint appears at the end of a route, for example:

to("nmr:MyServiceEndpoint")

The messages sent by this producer endpoint are sent to the already deployed NMR endpoint.

URI format

nmr:endpointName

URI Options

Option Default Value Description
runAsSubject false Apache ServiceMix 4.4: When this is set to true on a consumer endpoint, the endpoint will be invoked on behalf of the Subject that is set on the Exchange (i.e. the call to Subject.getSubject(AccessControlContext) will return the Subject instance)
synchronous false When this is set to true on a consumer endpoint, an incoming, synchronous NMR Exchange will be handled on the sender's thread instead of being handled on a new thread of the NMR endpoint's thread pool
timeout 0 Apache ServiceMix 4.4: When this is set to a value greater than 0, the producer endpoint will timeout if it doesn't receive a response from the NMR within the given timeout period (in milliseconds). Configuring a timeout value will switch to using synchronous interactions with the NMR instead of the usual asynchronous messaging.

Examples

Consumer

from("nmr:MyServiceEndpoint") // consume nmr exchanges asynchronously
from("nmr:MyServiceEndpoint?synchronous=true").to() // consume nmr exchanges synchronously and use the same thread as defined by NMR ThreadPool

Producer

from()...to("nmr:MyServiceEndpoint") // produce nmr exchanges asynchronously
from()...to("nmr:MyServiceEndpoint?timeout=10000") // produce nmr exchanges synchronously and wait till 10s to receive response

Using Stream bodies

If you are using a stream type as the message body, you should be aware that a stream is only capable of being read once. So if you enable DEBUG logging, the body is usually logged and thus read. To deal with this, Camel has a streamCaching option that can cache the stream, enabling you to read it multiple times.

from("nmr:MyEndpoint").streamCaching().to("xslt:transform.xsl", "bean:doSomething");

From Camel 1.5 onwards, the stream caching is default enabled, so it is not necessary to set the streamCaching() option.
In Camel 2.0 we store big input streams (by default, over 64K) in a temp file using CachedOutputStream. When you close the input stream, the temp file will be deleted.

Testing

NMR camel routes can be tested using the camel unit test approach even if they will be deployed next in different bundles on an OSGI runtime. With this aim in view, you will extend the ServiceMixNMR Mock class org.apache.servicemix.camel.nmr.AbstractComponentTest which will create a NMR bus, register the Camel NMR Component and the endpoints defined into the Camel routes.

public class ExchangeUsingNMRTest extends AbstractComponentTest {

    @Test
    public void testProcessing() throws InterruptedException {
        MockEndpoint mock = getMockEndpoint("mock:simple");
        mock.expectedBodiesReceived("Simple message body");

        template.sendBody("direct:simple", "Simple message body");

        assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();

    }

    @Override
    protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
        return new RouteBuilder() {

            @Override
            public void configure() throws Exception {
                from("direct:simple").to("nmr:simple");
                from("nmr:simple?synchronous=true").to("mock:simple");
            }
        };
    }
}

See Also

Quartz Component

The quartz: component provides a scheduled delivery of messages using the Quartz scheduler.
Each endpoint represents a different timer (in Quartz terms, a Trigger and JobDetail).

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-quartz</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>
Using cron expressions
Configuring the cron expression in Camel 1.x is based on path separators. We changed this to an URI option in Camel 2.0, allowing a more elegant configuration.
Also it is not possible to use the / cron special character (for increments) in Camel 1.x, which Camel 2.0 also fixes.

You may need to escape certain URI characters such as using ? in the quartz cron expression.

URI format

quartz://timerName?options
quartz://groupName/timerName?options
quartz://groupName/timerName/cronExpression       (@deprecated)
quartz://groupName/timerName/?cron=expression     (Camel 2.0)
quartz://timerName?cron=expression                (Camel 2.0)

The component uses either a CronTrigger or a SimpleTrigger. If no cron expression is provided, the component uses a simple trigger. If no groupName is provided, the quartz component uses the Camel group name.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Parameter Default Description
cron None Specifies a cron expression (not compatible with the trigger.* or job.* options).
trigger.repeatCount 0 SimpleTrigger: How many times should the timer repeat?
trigger.repeatInterval 0 SimpleTrigger: The amount of time in milliseconds between repeated triggers.
job.name null Sets the job name.
job.XXX null Sets the job option with the XXX setter name.
trigger.XXX null Sets the trigger option with the XXX setter name.
stateful false Uses a Quartz StatefulJob instead of the default job.
fireNow false New to Camel 2.2.0, if it is true will fire the trigger when the route is start when using SimpleTrigger.

For example, the following routing rule will fire two timer events to the mock:results endpoint:

from("quartz://myGroup/myTimerName?trigger.repeatInterval=2&trigger.repeatCount=1").routeId("myRoute").to("mock:result");

When using a StatefulJob, the JobDataMap is re-persisted after every execution of the job, thus preserving state for the next execution.

Running in OSGi and having multiple bundles with quartz routes
If you run in OSGi such as Apache ServiceMix, or Apache Karaf, and have multiple bundles with Camel routes that starts from Quartz endpoints, then make sure if you assign
an id to the <camelContext> that this id is unique, as this is required by the QuartzScheduler in the OSGi container. If you do not set any id on <camelContext> then
an unique id is auto assigned, and there is no problem.

Configuring quartz.properties file

By default Quartz will look for a quartz.properties file in the root of the classpath. If you are using WAR deployments this means just drop the quartz.properties in WEB-INF/classes.

However the Camel Quartz component also allows you to configure properties:

Parameter Default Type Description
properties null Properties Camel 2.4: You can configure a java.util.Propoperties instance.
propertiesFile null String Camel 2.4: File name of the properties to load from the classpath

To do this you can configure this in Spring XML as follows

<bean id="quartz" class="org.apache.camel.component.quartz.QuartzComponent">
    <property name="propertiesFile" value="com/mycompany/myquartz.properties"/>
</bean>

Starting the Quartz scheduler

Available as of Camel 2.4

The Quartz component offers an option to let the Quartz scheduler be started delayed, or not auto started at all.

Parameter Default Type Description
startDelayedSeconds 0 int Camel 2.4: Seconds to wait before starting the quartz scheduler.
autoStartScheduler true boolean Camel 2.4: Whether or not the scheduler should be auto started.

To do this you can configure this in Spring XML as follows

<bean id="quartz" class="org.apache.camel.component.quartz.QuartzComponent">
    <property name="startDelayedSeconds" value="5"/>
</bean>

Clustering

Available as of Camel 2.4

If you use Quartz in clustered mode, e.g. the JobStore is clustered. Then from Camel 2.4 onwards the Quartz component will not pause/remove triggers when a node is being stopped/shutdown. This allows the trigger to keep running on the other nodes in the cluster.

Note: When running in clustered node no checking is done to ensure unique job name/group for endpoints.

Message Headers

Camel adds the getters from the Quartz Execution Context as header values. The following headers are added:
calendar, fireTime, jobDetail, jobInstance, jobRuntTime, mergedJobDataMap, nextFireTime, previousFireTime, refireCount, result, scheduledFireTime, scheduler, trigger, triggerName, triggerGroup.

The fireTime header contains the java.util.Date of when the exchange was fired.

Using Cron Triggers

Available as of Camel 2.0
Quartz supports Cron-like expressions for specifying timers in a handy format. You can use these expressions in the cron URI parameter; though to preserve valid URI encoding we allow + to be used instead of spaces. Quartz provides a little tutorial on how to use cron expressions.

For example, the following will fire a message every five minutes starting at 12pm (noon) to 6pm on weekdays:

from("quartz://myGroup/myTimerName?cron=0+0/5+12-18+?+*+MON-FRI").to("activemq:Totally.Rocks");

which is equivalent to using the cron expression

0 0/5 12-18 ? * MON-FRI

The following table shows the URI character encodings we use to preserve valid URI syntax:

URI CharacterCron character
+ Space

Using Cron Triggers in Camel 1.x

@deprecated
Quartz supports Cron-like expressions for specifying timers in a handy format. You can use these expressions in the URI; though to preserve valid URI encoding we allow / to be used instead of spaces and $ to be used instead of ?.

For example, the following endpoint URI will fire a message at 12pm (noon) every day

from("quartz://myGroup/myTimerName/0/0/12/*/*/$").to("activemq:Totally.Rocks");

which is equivalent to using the cron expression

0 0 12 * * ?

The following table shows the URI character encodings we use to preserve valid URI syntax:

URI CharacterCron character
/ Space
$ ?

Specifying time zone

Available as of Camel 2.8.1
The Quartz Scheduler allows you to configure time zone per trigger. For example to use a timezone of your country, then you can do as follows:

quartz://groupName/timerName?cron=0+0/5+12-18+?+*+MON-FRI&trigger.timeZone=Europe/Stockholm

The timeZone value is the values accepted by java.util.TimeZone.

In Camel 2.8.0 or older versions you would have to provide your custom String to java.util.TimeZone Type Converter to be able configure this from the endpoint uri.
From Camel 2.8.1 onwards we have included such a Type Converter in the camel-core.

See Also

QuickFIX/J Component

Available as of Camel 2.0

The quickfix component adapts the QuickFIX/J FIX engine for using in Camel . This component uses the standard Financial Interchange (FIX) protocol for message transport.

Previous Versions
The quickfix component was rewritten for Camel 2.5. For information about using the quickfix component prior to 2.5 see the documentation section below.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-quickfix</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

quickfix:configFile[?sessionID=sessionID]

The configFile is the name of the QuickFIX/J configuration to use for the FIX engine (located as a resource found in your classpath). The optional sessionID identifies a specific FIX session. The format of the sessionID is:

(BeginString):(SenderCompID)[/(SenderSubID)[/(SenderLocationID)]]->(TargetCompID)[/(TargetSubID)[/(TargetLocationID)]]

Example URIs:

quickfix:config.cfg

quickfix:config.cfg?sessionID=FIX.4.2:MyTradingCompany->SomeExchange

Endpoints

FIX sessions are endpoints for the quickfix component. An endpoint URI may specify a single session or all sessions managed by a specific QuickFIX/J engine. Typical applications will use only one FIX engine but advanced users may create multiple FIX engines by referencing different configuration files in quickfix component endpoint URIs.

When a consumer does not include a session ID in the endpoint URI, it will receive exchanges for all sessions managed by the FIX engine associated with the configuration file specified in the URI. If a producer does not specify a session in the endpoint URI then it must include the session-related fields in the FIX message being sent. If a session is specified in the URI then the component will automatically inject the session-related fields into the FIX message.

Exchange Format

The exchange headers include information to help with exchange filtering, routing and other processing. The following headers are available:

Header Name Description
EventCategory One of AppMessageReceived, AppMessageSent, AdminMessageReceived, AdminMessageSent, SessionCreated, SessionLogon, SessionLogoff. See the QuickfixjEventCategory enum.
SessionID The FIX message SessionID
MessageType The FIX MsgType tag value
DataDictionary Specifies a data dictionary to used for parsing an incoming message. Can be an instance of a data dictionary or a resource path for a QuickFIX/J data dictionary file

The DataDictionary header is useful if string messages are being received and need to be parsed in a route. QuickFIX/J requires a data dictionary to parse certain types of messages (with repeating groups, for example). By injecting a DataDictionary header in the route after receiving a message string, the FIX engine can properly parse the data.

QuickFIX/J Configuration Extensions

When using QuickFIX/J directly, one typically writes code to create instances of logging adapters, message stores and communication connectors. The quickfix component will automatically create instances of these classes based on information in the configuration file. It also provides defaults for many of the common required settings and adds additional capabilities (like the ability to activate JMX support).

The following sections describe how the quickfix component processes the QuickFIX/J configuration. For comprehensive information about QuickFIX/J configuration, see the QFJ user manual.

Communication Connectors

When the component detects an initiator or acceptor session setting in the QuickFIX/J configuration file it will automatically create the corresponding initiator and/or acceptor connector. These settings can be in the default or in a specific session section of the configuration file.

Session Setting Component Action
ConnectionType=initiator Create an initiator connector
ConnectionType=acceptor Create an acceptor connector

The threading model for the QuickFIX/J session connectors can also be specified. These settings affect all sessions in the configuration file and must be placed in the settings default section.

Default/Global Setting Component Action
ThreadModel=ThreadPerConnector Use SocketInitiator or SocketAcceptor (default)
ThreadModel=ThreadPerSession Use ThreadedSocketInitiator or ThreadedSocketAcceptor

Logging

The QuickFIX/J logger implementation can be specified by including the following settings in the default section of the configuration file. The ScreenLog is the default if none of the following settings are present in the configuration. It's an error to include settings that imply more than one log implementation. The log factory implementation can also be set directly on the Quickfix component. This will override any related values in the QuickFIX/J settings file.

Default/Global Setting Component Action
ScreenLogShowEvents Use a ScreenLog
ScreenLogShowIncoming Use a ScreenLog
ScreenLogShowOutgoing Use a ScreenLog
SLF4J* Camel 2.6+. Use a SLF4JLog. Any of the SLF4J settings will cause this log to be used.
FileLogPath Use a FileLog
JdbcDriver Use a JdbcLog

Message Store

The QuickFIX/J message store implementation can be specified by including the following settings in the default section of the configuration file. The MemoryStore is the default if none of the following settings are present in the configuration. It's an error to include settings that imply more than one message store implementation. The message store factory implementation can also be set directly on the Quickfix component. This will override any related values in the QuickFIX/J settings file.

Default/Global Setting Component Action
JdbcDriver Use a JdbcStore
FileStorePath Use a FileStore
SleepycatDatabaseDir Use a SleepcatStore

Message Factory

A message factory is used to construct domain objects from raw FIX messages. The default message factory is DefaultMessageFactory. However, advanced applications may require a custom message factory. This can be set on the QuickFIX/J component.

JMX

Default/Global Setting Component Action
UseJmx if Y, then enable QuickFIX/J JMX

Other Defaults

The component provides some default settings for what are normally required settings in QuickFIX/J configuration files. SessionStartTime and SessionEndTime default to "00:00:00", meaning the session will not be automatically started and stopped. The HeartBtInt (heartbeat interval) defaults to 30 seconds.

Minimal Initiator Configuration Example

[SESSION]
ConnectionType=initiator
BeginString=FIX.4.4
SenderCompID=YOUR_SENDER
TargetCompID=YOUR_TARGET

Using the InOut Message Exchange Pattern

Camel 2.8+

Although the FIX protocol is event-driven and asynchronous, there are specific pairs of messages
that represent a request-reply message exchange. To use an InOut exchange pattern, there should
be a single request message and single reply message to the request. Examples include an
OrderStatusRequest message and UserRequest.

Implementing InOut Exchanges for Consumers

Add "exchangePattern=InOut" to the QuickFIX/J enpoint URI. The MessageOrderStatusService in
the example below is a bean with a synchronous service method. The method returns the response
to the request (an ExecutionReport in this case) which is then sent back to the requestor session.

    from("quickfix:examples/inprocess.cfg?sessionID=FIX.4.2:MARKET->TRADER&exchangePattern=InOut")
        .filter(header(QuickfixjEndpoint.MESSAGE_TYPE_KEY).isEqualTo(MsgType.ORDER_STATUS_REQUEST))
        .bean(new MarketOrderStatusService());

Implementing InOut Exchanges for Producers

For producers, sending a message will block until a reply is received or a timeout occurs. There
is no standard way to correlate reply messages in FIX. Therefore, a correlation criteria must be
defined for each type of InOut exchange. The correlation criteria and timeout can be specified
using Exchange properties.

Description Key String Key Constant Default
Correlation Criteria "CorrelationCriteria" QuickfixjProducer.CORRELATION_CRITERIA_KEY None
Correlation Timeout in Milliseconds "CorrelationTimeout" QuickfixjProducer.CORRELATION_TIMEOUT_KEY 1000

The correlation criteria is defined with a MessagePredicate object. The following example will treat
a FIX ExecutionReport from the specified session where the transaction type is STATUS and the Order ID
matches our request. The session ID should be for the requestor, the sender and target CompID fields
will be reversed when looking for the reply.

exchange.setProperty(QuickfixjProducer.CORRELATION_CRITERIA_KEY, 
    new MessagePredicate(new SessionID(sessionID), MsgType.EXECUTION_REPORT)
        .withField(ExecTransType.FIELD, Integer.toString(ExecTransType.STATUS))
        .withField(OrderID.FIELD, request.getString(OrderID.FIELD)));

Example

The source code contains an example called RequestReplyExample that demonstrates the InOut exchanges
for a consumer and producer. This example creates a simple HTTP server endpoint that accepts order
status requests. The HTTP request is converted to a FIX OrderStatusRequestMessage, is augmented with a
correlation criteria, and is then routed to a quickfix endpoint. The response is then converted to a
JSON-formatted string and sent back to the HTTP server endpoint to be provided as the web response.

The Spring configuration have changed from Camel 2.9 onwards. See further below for example.

Spring Configuration

Camel 2.6 - 2.8.x

The QuickFIX/J component includes a Spring FactoryBean for configuring the session settings within a Spring context. A type converter for QuickFIX/J session ID strings is also included. The following example shows a simple configuration of an acceptor and initiator session with default settings for both sessions.

<!-- camel route -->
<camelContext id="quickfixjContext" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <route>
        <from uri="quickfix:example"/>
        <filter>
            <simple>${in.header.EventCategory} == 'AppMessageReceived'</simple>
            <to uri="log:test"/>
        </filter>
    </route>
</camelContext>

<!-- quickfix component -->
<bean id="quickfix" class="org.apache.camel.component.quickfixj.QuickfixjComponent">
    <property name="engineSettings">
        <util:map>
            <entry key="quickfix:example" value-ref="quickfixjSettings"/>
        </util:map>
    </property>
    <property name="messageFactory">
        <bean class="org.apache.camel.component.quickfixj.QuickfixjSpringTest.CustomMessageFactory"/>
    </property>
</bean>

<!-- quickfix settings -->
<bean id="quickfixjSettings"
      class="org.apache.camel.component.quickfixj.QuickfixjSettingsFactory">
    <property name="defaultSettings">
        <util:map>
            <entry key="SocketConnectProtocol" value="VM_PIPE"/>
            <entry key="SocketAcceptProtocol" value="VM_PIPE"/>
            <entry key="UseDataDictionary" value="N"/>
        </util:map>
    </property>
    <property name="sessionSettings">
        <util:map>
            <entry key="FIX.4.2:INITIATOR->ACCEPTOR">
                <util:map>
                    <entry key="ConnectionType" value="initiator"/>
                    <entry key="SocketConnectHost" value="localhost"/>
                    <entry key="SocketConnectPort" value="5000"/>
                </util:map>
            </entry>
            <entry key="FIX.4.2:ACCEPTOR->INITIATOR">
                <util:map>
                    <entry key="ConnectionType" value="acceptor"/>
                    <entry key="SocketAcceptPort" value="5000"/>
                </util:map>
            </entry>
        </util:map>
    </property>
</bean>

Camel 2.9 onwards

The QuickFIX/J component includes a QuickfixjConfiguration class for configuring the session settings. A type converter for QuickFIX/J session ID strings is also included. The following example shows a simple configuration of an acceptor and initiator session with default settings for both sessions.

<!-- camel route -->
<camelContext id="quickfixjContext" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <route>
        <from uri="quickfix:example"/>
        <filter>
            <simple>${in.header.EventCategory} == 'AppMessageReceived'</simple>
            <to uri="log:test"/>
        </filter>
    </route>
</camelContext>

<!-- quickfix component -->
<bean id="quickfix" class="org.apache.camel.component.quickfixj.QuickfixjComponent">
    <property name="configurations">
        <util:map>
            <entry key="example" value-ref="quickfixjConfiguration"/>
        </util:map>
    </property>
    <property name="messageFactory">
        <bean class="org.apache.camel.component.quickfixj.QuickfixjSpringTest.CustomMessageFactory"/>
    </property>
</bean>

<!-- quickfix settings -->
<bean id="quickfixjConfiguration" class="org.apache.camel.component.quickfixj.QuickfixjConfiguration">
    <property name="defaultSettings">
        <util:map>
            <entry key="SocketConnectProtocol" value="VM_PIPE"/>
            <entry key="SocketAcceptProtocol" value="VM_PIPE"/>
            <entry key="UseDataDictionary" value="N"/>
        </util:map>
    </property>
    <property name="sessionSettings">
        <util:map>
            <entry key="FIX.4.2:INITIATOR->ACCEPTOR">
                <util:map>
                    <entry key="ConnectionType" value="initiator"/>
                    <entry key="SocketConnectHost" value="localhost"/>
                    <entry key="SocketConnectPort" value="5000"/>
                </util:map>
            </entry>
            <entry key="FIX.4.2:ACCEPTOR->INITIATOR">
                <util:map>
                    <entry key="ConnectionType" value="acceptor"/>
                    <entry key="SocketAcceptPort" value="5000"/>
                </util:map>
            </entry>
        </util:map>
    </property>
</bean>

Exception handling

QuickFIX/J behavior can be modified if certain exceptions are thrown during processing of a message. If a RejectLogon exception is thrown while processing an incoming logon administrative message, then the logon will be rejected.

Normally, QuickFIX/J handles the logon process automatically. However, sometimes an outgoing logon message must be modified to include credentials required by a FIX counterparty. If the FIX logon message body is modified when sending a logon message (EventCategory=AdminMessageSent the modified message will be sent to the counterparty. It is important that the outgoing logon message is being processed synchronously. If it is processed asynchronously (on another thread), the FIX engine will immediately send the unmodified outgoing message when it's callback method returns.

FIX Sequence Number Management

If an application exception is thrown during synchronous exchange processing, this will cause QuickFIX/J to not increment incoming FIX message sequence numbers and will cause a resend of the counterparty message. This FIX protocol behavior is primarily intended to handle transport errors rather than application errors. There are risks associated with using this mechanism to handle application errors. The primary risk is that the message will repeatedly cause application errors each time it's re-received. A better solution is to persist the incoming message (database, JMS queue) immediately before processing it. This also allows the application to process messages asynchronously without losing messages when errors occur.

Although it's possible to send messages to a FIX session before it's logged on (the messages will be sent at logon time), it is usually a better practice to wait until the session is logged on. This eliminates the required sequence number resynchronization steps at logon. Waiting for session logon can be done by setting up a route that processes the SessionLogon event category and signals the application to start sending messages.

See the FIX protocol specifications and the QuickFIX/J documentation for more details about FIX sequence number management.

Route Examples

Several examples are included in the QuickFIX/J component source code (test subdirectories). One of these examples implements a trival trade excecution simulation. The example defines an application component that uses the URI scheme "trade-executor".

The following route receives messages for the trade executor session and passes application messages to the trade executor component.

from("quickfix:examples/inprocess.cfg?sessionID=FIX.4.2:MARKET->TRADER").
    filter(header(QuickfixjEndpoint.EVENT_CATEGORY_KEY).isEqualTo(QuickfixjEventCategory.AppMessageReceived)).
    to("trade-executor:market");

The trade executor component generates messages that are routed back to the trade session. The session ID must be set in the FIX message itself since no session ID is specified in the endpoint URI.

from("trade-executor:market").to("quickfix:examples/inprocess.cfg");

The trader session consumes execution report messages from the market and processes them.

from("quickfix:examples/inprocess.cfg?sessionID=FIX.4.2:TRADER->MARKET").
    filter(header(QuickfixjEndpoint.MESSAGE_TYPE_KEY).isEqualTo(MsgType.EXECUTION_REPORT)).
    bean(new MyTradeExecutionProcessor());

QuickFIX/J Component Prior to Camel 2.5

Available since Camel 2.0

The quickfix component is an implementation of the QuickFIX/J engine for Java . This engine allows to connect to a FIX server which is used to exchange financial messages according to FIX protocol standard.

Note: The component can be used to send/receives messages to a FIX server.

URI format

quickfix-server:config file
quickfix-client:config file

Where config file is the location (in your classpath) of the quickfix configuration file used to configure the engine at the startup.

Note: Information about parameters available for quickfix can be found on QuickFIX/J web site.

The quickfix-server endpoint must be used to receive from FIX server FIX messages and quickfix-client endpoint in the case that you want to send messages to a FIX gateway.

Exchange data format

The QuickFIX/J engine is like CXF component a messaging bus using MINA as protocol layer to create the socket connection with the FIX engine gateway.

When QuickFIX/J engine receives a message, then it create a QuickFix.Message instance which is next received by the camel endpoint. This object is a 'mapping object' created from a FIX message formatted initially as a collection of key value pairs data. You can use this object or you can use the method 'toString' to retrieve the original FIX message.

Note: Alternatively, you can use camel bindy dataformat to transform the FIX message into your own java POJO

When a message must be send to QuickFix, then you must create a QuickFix.Message instance.

Samples

Direction : to FIX gateway

<route>
  <from uri="activemq:queue:fix"/>
  <bean ref="fixService" method="createFixMessage"/> // bean method in charge to transform message into a QuickFix.Message
  <to uri="quickfix-client:META-INF/quickfix/client.cfg"/> // Quickfix engine who will send the FIX messages to the gateway
</route>

Direction : from FIX gateway

<route>
  <from uri="quickfix-server:META-INF/quickfix/server.cfg"/> // QuickFix engine who will receive the message from FIX gateway
  <bean ref="fixService" method="parseFixMessage"/> // bean method parsing the QuickFix.Message
  <to uri="uri="activemq:queue:fix"/>"
</route>

See Also

Printer Component

Available as of Camel 2.1

The printer component provides a way to direct payloads on a route to a printer. Obviously the payload has to be a formatted piece of payload in order for the component to appropriately print it. The objective is to be able to direct specific payloads as jobs to a line printer in a camel flow.

This component only supports a camel producer endpoint.

The functionality allows for the payload to be printed on a default printer, named local, remote or wirelessly linked printer using the javax printing API under the covers.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-printer</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

Since the URI scheme for a printer has not been standardized (the nearest thing to a standard being the IETF print standard) and therefore not uniformly applied by vendors, we have chosen "lpr" as the scheme.

lpr://localhost/default[?options]
lpr://remotehost:port/path/to/printer[?options]

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
mediaSize MediaSizeName.NA_LETTER Sets the stationary as defined by enumeration settings in the javax.print.attribute.standard.MediaSizeName API. The default setting is to use North American Letter sized stationary
copies 1 Sets number of copies based on the javax.print.attribute.standard.Copies API
sides Sides.ONE_SIDED Sets one sided or two sided printing based on the javax.print.attribute.standard.Sides API
flavor DocFlavor.BYTE_ARRAY Sets DocFlavor based on the javax.print.DocFlavor API
mimeType AUTOSENSE Sets mimeTypes supported by the javax.print.DocFlavor API

Sending Messages to a Printer

Printer Producer

Sending data to the printer is very straightforward and involves creating a producer endpoint that can be sent message exchanges on in route.

Usage Samples

Example 1: Printing text based payloads on a Default printer using letter stationary and one-sided mode

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {
       from(file://inputdir/?delete=true)
       .to("lpr://localhost/default?copies=2" +
           "&flavor=DocFlavor.INPUT_STREAM&" +
           "&mimeType=AUTOSENSE" +
           "&mediaSize=na-letter" +
           "&sides=one-sided")
    }};

Example 2: Printing GIF based payloads on a Remote printer using A4 stationary and one-sided mode

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {
       from(file://inputdir/?delete=true)
       .to("lpr://remotehost/sales/salesprinter" +
           "?copies=2&sides=one-sided" +
           "&mimeType=GIF&mediaSize=iso-a4" +
           "&flavor=DocFlavor.INPUT_STREAM")
   }};

Example 3: Printing JPEG based payloads on a Remote printer using Japanese Postcard stationary and one-sided mode

RouteBuilder builder = new RouteBuilder() {
    public void configure() {
       from(file://inputdir/?delete=true)
       .to("lpr://remotehost/sales/salesprinter" +
           "?copies=2&sides=one-sided" +
           "&mimeType=JPEG" +
           "&mediaSize=japanese-postcard" +
           "&flavor=DocFlavor.INPUT_STREAM")
    }};

Properties Component

Available as of Camel 2.3

URI format

properties:key[?options]

Where key is the key for the property to lookup

Options

Name Type Default Description
cache boolean true Whether or not to cache loaded properties.
locations String null A list of locations to load properties. You can use comma to separate multiple locations. This option will override any default locations and only use the locations from this option.
ignoreMissingLocation boolean false Camel 2.10: Whether to silently ignore if a location cannot be located, such as a properties file not found.
propertyPrefix String null Camel 2.9 Optional prefix prepended to property names before resolution.
propertySuffix String null Camel 2.9 Optional suffix appended to property names before resolution.
fallbackToUnaugmentedProperty boolean true Camel 2.9 If true, first attempt resolution of property name augmented with propertyPrefix and propertySuffix before falling back the plain property name specified. If false, only the augmented property name is searched.
prefixToken String {{
Camel 2.9 The token to indicate the beginning of a property token.
suffixToken String }}
Camel 2.9 The token to indicate the end of a property token.
Resolving property from Java code
You can use the method resolvePropertyPlaceholders on the CamelContext to resolve a property from any Java code.

Using PropertyPlaceholder

Available as of Camel 2.3

Camel now provides a new PropertiesComponent in camel-core which allows you to use property placeholders when defining Camel Endpoint URIs.
This works much like you would do if using Spring's <property-placeholder> tag. However Spring have a limitation which prevents 3rd party frameworks to leverage Spring property placeholders to the fullest. See more at How do I use Spring Property Placeholder with Camel XML.

The property placeholder is generally in use when doing:

  • lookup or creating endpoints
  • lookup of beans in the Registry
  • additional supported in Spring XML (see below in examples)
  • using Blueprint PropertyPlaceholder with Camel Properties component

Syntax

The syntax to use Camel's property placeholder is to use {{key}} for example {{file.uri}} where file.uri is the property key.
You can use property placeholders in parts of the endpoint URI's which for example you can use placeholders for parameters in the URIs.

PropertyResolver

Camel provides a pluggable mechanism which allows 3rd part to provide their own resolver to lookup properties. Camel provides a default implementation org.apache.camel.component.properties.DefaultPropertiesResolver which is capable of loading properties from the file system, classpath or Registry. You can prefix the locations with either:

  • ref: Camel 2.4: to lookup in the Registry
  • file: to load the from file system
  • classpath: to load from classpath (this is also the default if no prefix is provided)
  • blueprint: Camel 2.7: to use a specific OSGi blueprint placeholder service

Defining location

The PropertiesResolver need to know a location(s) where to resolve the properties. You can define 1 to many locations. If you define the location in a single String property you can separate multiple locations with comma such as:

pc.setLocation("com/mycompany/myprop.properties,com/mycompany/other.properties");

Using system and environment variables in locations

Available as of Camel 2.7

The location now supports using placeholders for JVM system properties and OS environments variables.

For example:

location=file:${karaf.home}/etc/foo.properties

In the location above we defined a location using the file scheme using the JVM system property with key karaf.home.

To use an OS environment variable instead you would have to prefix with env:

location=file:${env:APP_HOME}/etc/foo.properties

Where APP_HOME is an OS environment.

You can have multiple placeholders in the same location, such as:

location=file:${env:APP_HOME}/etc/${prop.name}.properties

Configuring in Java DSL

You have to create and register the PropertiesComponent under the name properties such as:

PropertiesComponent pc = new PropertiesComponent();
pc.setLocation("classpath:com/mycompany/myprop.properties");
context.addComponent("properties", pc);

Configuring in Spring XML

Spring XML offers two variations to configure. You can define a spring bean as a PropertiesComponent which resembles the way done in Java DSL. Or you can use the <propertyPlaceholder> tag.

<bean id="properties" class="org.apache.camel.component.properties.PropertiesComponent">
    <property name="location" value="classpath:com/mycompany/myprop.properties"/>
</bean>

Using the <propertyPlaceholder> tag makes the configuration a bit more fresh such as:

<camelContext ...>
   <propertyPlaceholder id="properties" location="com/mycompany/myprop.properties"/>
</camelContext>
Specifying the cache option inside XML
Camel 2.10 onwards supports specifying a value for the cache option both inside the Spring as well as the Blueprint XML.

Using a Properties from the Registry

Available as of Camel 2.4
For example in OSGi you may want to expose a service which returns the properties as a java.util.Properties object.

Then you could setup the Properties component as follows:

   <propertyPlaceholder id="properties" location="ref:myProperties"/>

Where myProperties is the id to use for lookup in the OSGi registry. Notice we use the ref: prefix to tell Camel that it should lookup the properties for the Registry.

Examples using properties component

When using property placeholders in the endpoint URIs you can either use the properties: component or define the placeholders directly in the URI. We will show example of both cases, starting with the former.

// properties
cool.end=mock:result

// route
from("direct:start").to("properties:{{cool.end}}");

You can also use placeholders as a part of the endpoint uri:

// properties
cool.foo=result

// route
from("direct:start").to("properties:mock:{{cool.foo}}");

In the example above the to endpoint will be resolved to mock:result.

You can also have properties with refer to each other such as:

// properties
cool.foo=result
cool.concat=mock:{{cool.foo}}

// route
from("direct:start").to("properties:mock:{{cool.concat}}");

Notice how cool.concat refer to another property.

The properties: component also offers you to override and provide a location in the given uri using the locations option:

   from("direct:start").to("properties:bar.end?locations=com/mycompany/bar.properties");

Examples

You can also use property placeholders directly in the endpoint uris without having to use properties:.

// properties
cool.foo=result

// route
from("direct:start").to("mock:{{cool.foo}}");

And you can use them in multiple wherever you want them:

// properties
cool.start=direct:start
cool.showid=true
cool.result=result

// route
from("{{cool.start}}")
    .to("log:{{cool.start}}?showBodyType=false&showExchangeId={{cool.showid}}")
    .to("mock:{{cool.result}}");

You can also your property placeholders when using ProducerTemplate for example:

template.sendBody("{{cool.start}}", "Hello World");

Example with Simple language

The Simple language now also support using property placeholders, for example in the route below:

// properties
cheese.quote=Camel rocks

// route
from("direct:start")
    .transform().simple("Hi ${body} do you think ${properties:cheese.quote}?");

You can also specify the location in the Simple language for example:

// bar.properties
bar.quote=Beer tastes good

// route
from("direct:start")
    .transform().simple("Hi ${body}. ${properties:com/mycompany/bar.properties:bar.quote}.");

Additional property placeholder supported in Spring XML

The property placeholders is also supported in many of the Camel Spring XML tags such as <package>, <packageScan>, <contextScan>, <jmxAgent>, <endpoint>, <routeBuilder>, <proxy> and the others.

The example below has property placeholder in the <jmxAgent> tag:

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <propertyPlaceholder id="properties" location="org/apache/camel/spring/jmx.properties"/>

    <!-- we can use propery placeholders when we define the JMX agent -->
    <jmxAgent id="agent" registryPort="{{myjmx.port}}" disabled="{{myjmx.disabled}}"
              usePlatformMBeanServer="{{myjmx.usePlatform}}"
              createConnector="true"
              statisticsLevel="RoutesOnly"/>

    <route id="foo" autoStartup="false">
        <from uri="seda:start"/>
        <to uri="mock:result"/>
    </route>

</camelContext>

You can also define property placeholders in the various attributes on the <camelContext> tag such as trace as shown here:

<camelContext trace="{{foo.trace}}" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <propertyPlaceholder id="properties" location="org/apache/camel/spring/processor/myprop.properties"/>

    <template id="camelTemplate" defaultEndpoint="{{foo.cool}}"/>

    <route>
        <from uri="direct:start"/>
        <setHeader headerName="{{foo.header}}">
            <simple>${in.body} World!</simple>
        </setHeader>
        <to uri="mock:result"/>
    </route>
</camelContext>

Overriding a property setting using a JVM System Property

Available as of Camel 2.5
It is possible to override a property value at runtime using a JVM System property without the need to restart the application to pick up the change. This may also be accomplished from the command line by creating a JVM System property of the same name as the property it replaces with a new value. An example of this is given below

PropertiesComponent pc = context.getComponent("properties", PropertiesComponent.class);
pc.setCache(false);
        
System.setProperty("cool.end", "mock:override");
System.setProperty("cool.result", "override");

context.addRoutes(new RouteBuilder() {
    @Override
    public void configure() throws Exception {
        from("direct:start").to("properties:cool.end");
        from("direct:foo").to("properties:mock:{{cool.result}}");
    }
});
context.start();

getMockEndpoint("mock:override").expectedMessageCount(2);

template.sendBody("direct:start", "Hello World");
template.sendBody("direct:foo", "Hello Foo");

System.clearProperty("cool.end");
System.clearProperty("cool.result");
        
assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();

Using property placeholders for any kind of attribute in the XML DSL

Available as of Camel 2.7

Previously it was only the xs:string type attributes in the XML DSL that support placeholders. For example often a timeout attribute would be a xs:int type and thus you cannot set a string value as the placeholder key. This is now possible from Camel 2.7 onwards using a special placeholder namespace.

In the example below we use the prop prefix for the namespace http://camel.apache.org/schema/placeholder by which we can use the prop prefix in the attributes in the XML DSLs. Notice how we use that in the Multicast to indicate that the option stopOnException should be the value of the placeholder with the key "stop".

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:prop="http://camel.apache.org/schema/placeholder"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring/camel-spring.xsd
    ">

    <!-- Notice in the declaration above, we have defined the prop prefix as the Camel placeholder namespace -->

    <bean id="damn" class="java.lang.IllegalArgumentException">
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="Damn"/>
    </bean>

    <camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">

        <propertyPlaceholder id="properties"
                             location="classpath:org/apache/camel/component/properties/myprop.properties"
                             xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring"/>

        <route>
            <from uri="direct:start"/>
            <!-- use prop namespace, to define a property placeholder, which maps to
                 option stopOnException={{stop}} -->
            <multicast prop:stopOnException="stop">
                <to uri="mock:a"/>
                <throwException ref="damn"/>
                <to uri="mock:b"/>
            </multicast>
        </route>

    </camelContext>

</beans>

In our properties file we have the value defined as

stop=true

Using property placeholder in the Java DSL

Available as of Camel 2.7

Likewise we have added support for defining placeholders in the Java DSL using the new placeholder DSL as shown in the following equivalent example:

from("direct:start")
    // use a property placeholder for the option stopOnException on the Multicast EIP
    // which should have the value of {{stop}} key being looked up in the properties file
    .multicast().placeholder("stopOnException", "stop")
        .to("mock:a").throwException(new IllegalAccessException("Damn")).to("mock:b");

Using Blueprint property placeholder with Camel routes

Available as of Camel 2.7

Camel supports Blueprint which also offers a property placeholder service. Camel supports convention over configuration, so all you have to do is to define the OSGi Blueprint property placeholder in the XML file as shown below:

Using OSGi blueprint property placeholders in Camel routes
<blueprint xmlns="http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:cm="http://aries.apache.org/blueprint/xmlns/blueprint-cm/v1.0.0"
           xsi:schemaLocation="
           http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0 http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0/blueprint.xsd">

    <!-- OSGI blueprint property placeholder -->
    <cm:property-placeholder id="myblueprint.placeholder" persistent-id="camel.blueprint">
        <!-- list some properties for this test -->
        <cm:default-properties>
            <cm:property name="result" value="mock:result"/>
        </cm:default-properties>
    </cm:property-placeholder>

    <camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/blueprint">

        <!-- in the route we can use {{ }} placeholders which will lookup in blueprint
             as Camel will auto detect the OSGi blueprint property placeholder and use it -->
        <route>
            <from uri="direct:start"/>
            <to uri="mock:foo"/>
            <to uri="{{result}}"/>
        </route>

    </camelContext>

</blueprint>

By default Camel detects and uses OSGi blueprint property placeholder service. You can disable this by setting the attribute useBlueprintPropertyResolver to false on the <camelContext> definition.

About placeholder syntaxes
Notice how we can use the Camel syntax for placeholders {{ }} in the Camel route, which will lookup the value from OSGi blueprint.
The blueprint syntax for placeholders is ${ }. So outside the <camelContext> you must use the ${ } syntax. Where as inside <camelContext> you must use {{ }} syntax.
OSGi blueprint allows you to configure the syntax, so you can actually align those if you want.

You can also explicit refer to a specific OSGi blueprint property placeholder by its id. For that you need to use the Camel's <propertyPlaceholder> as shown in the example below:

Explicit referring to a OSGi blueprint placeholder in Camel
<blueprint xmlns="http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:cm="http://aries.apache.org/blueprint/xmlns/blueprint-cm/v1.0.0"
           xsi:schemaLocation="
           http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0 http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0/blueprint.xsd">

    <!-- OSGI blueprint property placeholder -->
    <cm:property-placeholder id="myblueprint.placeholder" persistent-id="camel.blueprint">
        <!-- list some properties for this test -->
        <cm:default-properties>
            <cm:property name="prefix.result" value="mock:result"/>
        </cm:default-properties>
    </cm:property-placeholder>

    <camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/blueprint">

        <!-- using Camel properties component and refer to the blueprint property placeholder by its id -->
        <propertyPlaceholder id="properties" location="blueprint:myblueprint.placeholder"
                             prefixToken="[[" suffixToken="]]"
                             propertyPrefix="prefix."/>

        <!-- in the route we can use {{ }} placeholders which will lookup in blueprint -->
        <route>
            <from uri="direct:start"/>
            <to uri="mock:foo"/>
            <to uri="[[result]]"/>
        </route>

    </camelContext>

</blueprint>

Notice how we use the blueprint scheme to refer to the OSGi blueprint placeholder by its id. This allows you to mix and match, for example you can also have additional schemes in the location. For example to load a file from the classpath you can do:

location="blueprint:myblueprint.placeholder,classpath:myproperties.properties"

Each location is separated by comma.

See Also

  • Jasypt for using encrypted values (eg passwords) in the properties

Ref Component

The ref: component is used for lookup of existing endpoints bound in the Registry.

URI format

ref:someName

Where someName is the name of an endpoint in the Registry (usually, but not always, the Spring registry). If you are using the Spring registry, someName would be the bean ID of an endpoint in the Spring registry.

Runtime lookup

This component can be used when you need dynamic discovery of endpoints in the Registry where you can compute the URI at runtime. Then you can look up the endpoint using the following code:

   // lookup the endpoint
   String myEndpointRef = "bigspenderOrder";
   Endpoint endpoint = context.getEndpoint("ref:" + myEndpointRef);
   
   Producer producer = endpoint.createProducer();
   Exchange exchange = producer.createExchange();
   exchange.getIn().setBody(payloadToSend);
   // send the exchange
   producer.process(exchange);
   ...

And you could have a list of endpoints defined in the Registry such as:

  <camelContext id="camel" xmlns="http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/spring">
      <endpoint id="normalOrder" uri="activemq:order.slow"/>
      <endpoint id="bigspenderOrder" uri="activemq:order.high"/>
      ...
  </camelContext>

Sample

In the sample below we use the ref: in the URI to reference the endpoint with the spring ID, endpoint2:

<bean id="mybean" class="org.apache.camel.spring.example.DummyBean">
  <property name="endpoint" ref="endpoint1"/>
</bean>

<camelContext id="camel" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
  <jmxAgent id="agent" disabled="true"/>
  <endpoint id="endpoint1" uri="direct:start"/>
  <endpoint id="endpoint2" uri="mock:end"/>

  <route>
    <from ref="endpoint1"/>
    <to uri="ref:endpoint2"/>
  </route>
</camelContext>

You could, of course, have used the ref attribute instead:

      <to ref="endpoint2"/>

Which is the more common way to write it.

See Also

Restlet Component

The Restlet component provides Restlet based endpoints for consuming and producing RESTful resources.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-restlet</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

restlet:restletUrl[?options]

Format of restletUrl:

protocol://hostname[:port][/resourcePattern]

Restlet promotes decoupling of protocol and application concerns. The reference implementation of Restlet Engine supports a number of protocols. However, we have tested the HTTP protocol only. The default port is port 80. We do not automatically switch default port based on the protocol yet.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
headerFilterStrategy=#refName (2.x or later) An instance of RestletHeaderFilterStrategy Use the # notation (headerFilterStrategy=#refName) to reference a header filter strategy in the Camel Registry. The strategy will be plugged into the restlet binding if it is HeaderFilterStrategyAware.
restletBindingRef (1.x),
restletBinding=#refName (2.x or later)
An instance of DefaultRestletBinding The bean ID of a RestletBinding object in the Camel Registry.
restletMethod GET On a producer endpoint, specifies the request method to use. On a consumer endpoint, specifies that the endpoint consumes only restletMethod requests. The string value is converted to org.restlet.data.Method by the Method.valueOf(String) method.
restletMethods (2.x or later) None Consumer only Specify one or more methods separated by commas (e.g. restletMethods=post,put) to be serviced by a restlet consumer endpoint. If both restletMethod and restletMethods options are specified, the restletMethod setting is ignored.
restletRealmRef (1.x),
restletRealm=#refName (2.x or later)
null The bean ID of the Realm Map in the Camel Registry.
restletUriPatterns=#refName (2.x or later) None Consumer only Specify one ore more URI templates to be serviced by a restlet consumer endpoint, using the # notation to reference a List<String> in the Camel Registry. If a URI pattern has been defined in the endpoint URI, both the URI pattern defined in the endpoint and the restletUriPatterns option will be honored.
throwExceptionOnFailure (2.6 or later) true *Producer only * Throws exception on a producer failure.

Message Headers

Camel 1.x

Name Type Description
org.apache.camel.restlet.auth.login String Login name for basic authentication. It is set on the IN message by the application and gets filtered before the restlet request header by Camel.
org.apache.camel.restlet.auth.password String Password name for basic authentication. It is set on the IN message by the application and gets filtered before the restlet request header by Camel.
org.apache.camel.restlet.mediaType String Specifies the content type, which can be set on the OUT message by the application/processor. The value is the content-type of the response message. If this header is not set, the content-type is set based on the object type of the OUT message body.
org.apache.camel.restlet.queryString String The query string of the request URI. It is set on the IN message by DefaultRestletBinding when the restlet component receives a request.
org.apache.camel.restlet.responseCode String or Integer The response code can be set on the OUT message by the application/processor. The value is the response code of the response message. If this header is not set, the response code is set by the restlet runtime engine.
org.restlet.*   Attributes of a restlet message that get propagated to Camel IN headers.

Camel 2.x

Name Type Description
Content-Type String Specifies the content type, which can be set on the OUT message by the application/processor. The value is the content-type of the response message. If this header is not set, the content type is based on the object type of the OUT message body. In Camel 2.3 onward, if the Content-Type header is specified in the Camel IN message, the value of the header determine the content type for the Restlet request message.   Otherwise, it is defaulted to "application/x-www-form-urlencoded'. Prior to release 2.3, it is not possible to change the request content type default.
CamelHttpMethod String The HTTP request method. This is set in the IN message header.
CamelHttpQuery String The query string of the request URI. It is set on the IN message by DefaultRestletBinding when the restlet component receives a request.
CamelHttpResponseCode String or Integer The response code can be set on the OUT message by the application/processor. The value is the response code of the response message. If this header is not set, the response code is set by the restlet runtime engine.
CamelHttpUri String The HTTP request URI. This is set in the IN message header.
CamelRestletLogin String Login name for basic authentication. It is set on the IN message by the application and gets filtered before the restlet request header by Camel.
CamelRestletPassword String Password name for basic authentication. It is set on the IN message by the application and gets filtered before the restlet request header by Camel.
CamelRestletRequest Request Camel 2.8: The org.restlet.Request object which holds all request details.
CamelRestletResponse Response Camel 2.8: The org.restlet.Response object. You can use this to create responses using the API from Restlet. See examples below.
org.restlet.*   Attributes of a Restlet message that get propagated to Camel IN headers.

Message Body

Camel will store the restlet response from the external server on the OUT body. All headers from the IN message will be copied to the OUT message, so that headers are preserved during routing.

Samples

Restlet Endpoint with Authentication

The following route starts a restlet consumer endpoint that listens for POST requests on http://localhost:8080. The processor creates a response that echoes the request body and the value of the id header.

from("restlet:http://localhost:" + port + "/securedOrders?restletMethod=post&restletRealm=#realm").process(new Processor() {
    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        exchange.getOut().setBody(
                "received [" + exchange.getIn().getBody()
                + "] as an order id = "
                + exchange.getIn().getHeader("id"));
    }
});

The restletRealm setting (in 2.x, use the # notation, that is, restletRealm=#refName)in the URI query is used to look up a Realm Map in the registry. If this option is specified, the restlet consumer uses the information to authenticate user logins. Only authenticated requests can access the resources. In this sample, we create a Spring application context that serves as a registry. The bean ID of the Realm Map should match the restletRealmRef.

<util:map id="realm">
	<entry key="admin" value="foo" />
	<entry key="bar" value="foo" />
</util:map>

The following sample starts a direct endpoint that sends requests to the server on http://localhost:8080 (that is, our restlet consumer endpoint).

// Note: restletMethod and restletRealmRef are stripped 
// from the query before a request is sent as they are 
// only processed by Camel.
from("direct:start-auth").to("restlet:http://localhost:" + port + "/securedOrders?restletMethod=post");

That is all we need. We are ready to send a request and try out the restlet component:

final String id = "89531";

Map<String, Object> headers = new HashMap<String, Object>();
headers.put(RestletConstants.RESTLET_LOGIN, "admin");
headers.put(RestletConstants.RESTLET_PASSWORD, "foo");
headers.put("id", id);

String response = (String)template.requestBodyAndHeaders(
    "direct:start-auth", "<order foo='1'/>", headers);

The sample client sends a request to the direct:start-auth endpoint with the following headers:

  • CamelRestletLogin (used internally by Camel)
  • CamelRestletPassword (used internally by Camel)
  • id (application header)
Note
org.apache.camel.restlet.auth.login and org.apache.camel.restlet.auth.password will not be propagated as Restlet header.

The sample client gets a response like the following:

received [<order foo='1'/>] as an order id = 89531

Single restlet endpoint to service multiple methods and URI templates (2.0 or later)

It is possible to create a single route to service multiple HTTP methods using the restletMethods option. This snippet also shows how to retrieve the request method from the header:

from("restlet:http://localhost:" + portNum + "/users/{username}?restletMethods=post,get,put")
    .process(new Processor() {
        public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
            // echo the method
            exchange.getOut().setBody(exchange.getIn().getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_METHOD, String.class));
        }
    });

In addition to servicing multiple methods, the next snippet shows how to create an endpoint that supports multiple URI templates using the restletUriPatterns option. The request URI is available in the header of the IN message as well. If a URI pattern has been defined in the endpoint URI (which is not the case in this sample), both the URI pattern defined in the endpoint and the restletUriPatterns option will be honored.

from("restlet:http://localhost:" + portNum + "?restletMethods=post,get&restletUriPatterns=#uriTemplates")
    .process(new Processor() {
        public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
            // echo the method
            String uri = exchange.getIn().getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_URI, String.class);
            String out = exchange.getIn().getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_METHOD, String.class);
            if (("http://localhost:" + portNum + "/users/homer").equals(uri)) {
                exchange.getOut().setBody(out + " " + exchange.getIn().getHeader("username", String.class));
            } else if (("http://localhost:" + portNum + "/atom/collection/foo/component/bar").equals(uri)) {
                exchange.getOut().setBody(out + " " + exchange.getIn().getHeader("id", String.class)
                                          + " " + exchange.getIn().getHeader("cid", String.class));
            }
        }
    });

The restletUriPatterns=#uriTemplates option references the List<String> bean defined in the Spring XML configuration.

<util:list id="uriTemplates">
    <value>/users/{username}</value>
    <value>/atom/collection/{id}/component/{cid}</value>
</util:list>

Using Restlet API to populate response

Available as of Camel 2.8

You may want to use the org.restlet.Response API to populate the response. This gives you full access to the Restlet API and fine grained control of the response. See the route snippet below where we generate the response from an inlined Camel Processor:

Generating response using Restlet Response API
from("restlet:http://localhost:" + portNum + "/users/{id}/like/{beer}")
    .process(new Processor() {
        public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
            // the Restlet request should be available if neeeded
            Request request = exchange.getIn().getHeader(RestletConstants.RESTLET_REQUEST, Request.class);
            assertNotNull("Restlet Request", request);

            // use Restlet API to create the response
            Response response = exchange.getIn().getHeader(RestletConstants.RESTLET_RESPONSE, Response.class);
            assertNotNull("Restlet Response", response);
            response.setStatus(Status.SUCCESS_OK);
            response.setEntity("<response>Beer is Good</response>", MediaType.TEXT_XML);
            exchange.getOut().setBody(response);
        }
    });

Using the Restlet servlet within a webapp

Available as of Camel 2.8
There are three possible ways to configure a Restlet application within a servlet container and using the subclassed SpringServerServlet enables configuration within Camel by injecting the Restlet Component.

Use of the Restlet servlet within a servlet container enables routes to be configured with relative paths in URIs (removing the restrictions of hard-coded absolute URIs) and for the hosting servlet container to handle incoming requests (rather than have to spawn a separate server process on a new port).

To configure, add the following to your camel-context.xml;

<camelContext>
  <route id="RS_RestletDemo">
    <from uri="restlet:/demo/{id}" />
    <transform>
      <simple>Request type : ${header.CamelHttpMethod} and ID : ${header.id}</simple>
    </transform>
  </route> 
</camelContext>

<bean id="RestletComponent" class="org.restlet.Component" />

<bean id="RestletComponentService" class="org.apache.camel.component.restlet.RestletComponent">
  <constructor-arg index="0">
    <ref bean="RestletComponent" />
  </constructor-arg>
</bean>

And add this to your web.xml;

<!-- Restlet Servlet -->
<servlet>
  <servlet-name>RestletServlet</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>org.restlet.ext.spring.SpringServerServlet</servlet-class>
  <init-param>
    <param-name>org.restlet.component</param-name>
    <param-value>RestletComponent</param-value>
  </init-param>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>RestletServlet</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>/rs/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

You will then be able to access the deployed route at http://localhost:8080/mywebapp/rs/demo/1234 where;

localhost:8080 is the server and port of your servlet container
mywebapp is the name of your deployed webapp
Your browser will then show the following content;

"Request type : GET and ID : 1234"

You will need to add dependency on the Spring extension to restlet which you can do in your Maven pom.xml file:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.restlet.jee</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.restlet.ext.spring</artifactId>
  <version>${restlet-version}</version>
</dependency>

And you would need to add dependency on the restlet maven repository as well:

<repository>  
   <id>maven-restlet</id>  
   <name>Public online Restlet repository</name>  
   <url>http://maven.restlet.org</url>  
</repository>

See Also

RMI Component

The rmi: component binds PojoExchanges to the RMI protocol (JRMP).

Since this binding is just using RMI, normal RMI rules still apply regarding what methods can be invoked. This component supports only PojoExchanges that carry a method invocation from an interface that extends the Remote interface. All parameters in the method should be either Serializable or Remote objects.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-rmi</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

rmi://rmi-regisitry-host:rmi-registry-port/registry-path[?options]

For example:

rmi://localhost:1099/path/to/service

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
method null As of Camel 1.3, you can set the name of the method to invoke.
remoteInterfaces null Its now possible to use this option from Camel 2.7: in the XML DSL. It can be a list of interface names separated by comma.

Using

To call out to an existing RMI service registered in an RMI registry, create a route similar to the following:

from("pojo:foo").to("rmi://localhost:1099/foo");

To bind an existing camel processor or service in an RMI registry, define an RMI endpoint as follows:

RmiEndpoint endpoint= (RmiEndpoint) endpoint("rmi://localhost:1099/bar");
endpoint.setRemoteInterfaces(ISay.class);
from(endpoint).to("pojo:bar");

Note that when binding an RMI consumer endpoint, you must specify the Remote interfaces exposed.

In XML DSL you can do as follows from Camel 2.7 onwards:

    <camel:route>
        <from uri="rmi://localhost:37541/helloServiceBean?remoteInterfaces=org.apache.camel.example.osgi.HelloService"/>
        <to uri="bean:helloServiceBean"/>
    </camel:route>

See Also

RSS Component

The rss: component is used for polling RSS feeds. Camel will default poll the feed every 60th seconds.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-rss</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

Note: The component currently only supports polling (consuming) feeds.

Camel-rss internally uses a patched version of ROME hosted on ServiceMix to solve some OSGi class loading issues.

URI format

rss:rssUri

Where rssUri is the URI to the RSS feed to poll.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Property Default Description
splitEntries true If true, Camel splits a feed into its individual entries and returns each entry, poll by poll. For example, if a feed contains seven entries, Camel returns the first entry on the first poll, the second entry on the second poll, and so on. When no more entries are left in the feed, Camel contacts the remote RSS URI to obtain a new feed. If false, Camel obtains a fresh feed on every poll and returns all of the feed's entries.
filter true Use in combination with the splitEntries option in order to filter returned entries. By default, Camel applies the UpdateDateFilter filter, which returns only new entries from the feed, ensuring that the consumer endpoint never receives an entry more than once. The filter orders the entries chronologically, with the newest returned last.
throttleEntries true Camel 2.5: Sets whether all entries identified in a single feed poll should be delivered immediately. If true, only one entry is processed per consumer.delay. Only applicable when splitEntries is set to true.
lastUpdate null Use in combination with the filter option to block entries earlier than a specific date/time (uses the entry.updated timestamp). The format is: yyyy-MM-ddTHH:MM:ss. Example: 2007-12-24T17:45:59.
feedHeader true Specifies whether to add the ROME SyndFeed object as a header.
sortEntries false If splitEntries is true, this specifies whether to sort the entries by updated date.
consumer.delay 60000 Delay in milliseconds between each poll.
consumer.initialDelay 1000 Milliseconds before polling starts.
consumer.userFixedDelay false Set to true to use fixed delay between pools, otherwise fixed rate is used. See ScheduledExecutorService in JDK for details.

Exchange data types

Camel initializes the In body on the Exchange with a ROME SyndFeed. Depending on the value of the splitEntries flag, Camel returns either a SyndFeed with one SyndEntry or a java.util.List of SyndEntrys.

Option Value Behavior
splitEntries true A single entry from the current feed is set in the exchange.
splitEntries false The entire list of entries from the current feed is set in the exchange.

Message Headers

Header Description
org.apache.camel.component.rss.feed Camel 1.x: The entire SyncFeed object.
CamelRssFeed Camel 2.0: The entire SyncFeed object.

RSS Dataformat

The RSS component ships with an RSS dataformat that can be used to convert between String (as XML) and ROME RSS model objects.

  • marshal = from ROME SyndFeed to XML String
  • unmarshal = from XML String to ROME SyndFeed

A route using this would look something like this:

from("rss:file:src/test/data/rss20.xml?splitEntries=false&consumer.delay=1000").marshal().rss().to("mock:marshal");

The purpose of this feature is to make it possible to use Camel's lovely built-in expressions for manipulating RSS messages. As shown below, an XPath expression can be used to filter the RSS message:

// only entries with Camel in the title will get through the filter
from("rss:file:src/test/data/rss20.xml?splitEntries=true&consumer.delay=100")
    .marshal().rss().filter().xpath("//item/title[contains(.,'Camel')]").to("mock:result");
Query parameters
If the URL for the RSS feed uses query parameters, this component will understand them as well, for example if the feed uses alt=rss, then you can for example do
from("rss:http://someserver.com/feeds/posts/default?alt=rss&splitEntries=false&consumer.delay=1000").to("bean:rss");

Filtering entries

You can filter out entries quite easily using XPath, as shown in the data format section above. You can also exploit Camel's Bean Integration to implement your own conditions. For instance, a filter equivalent to the XPath example above would be:

// only entries with Camel in the title will get through the filter
from("rss:file:src/test/data/rss20.xml?splitEntries=true&consumer.delay=100").
    filter().method("myFilterBean", "titleContainsCamel").to("mock:result");

The custom bean for this would be:

public static class FilterBean {
    public boolean titleContainsCamel(@Body SyndFeed feed) {
        SyndEntry firstEntry = (SyndEntry) feed.getEntries().get(0);
        return firstEntry.getTitle().contains("Camel");
    }
}

See Also

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SEDA Component

The seda: component provides asynchronous SEDA behavior, so that messages are exchanged on a BlockingQueue and consumers are invoked in a separate thread from the producer.

Note that queues are only visible within a single CamelContext. If you want to communicate across CamelContext instances (for example, communicating between Web applications), see the VM component.

This component does not implement any kind of persistence or recovery, if the VM terminates while messages are yet to be processed. If you need persistence, reliability or distributed SEDA, try using either JMS or ActiveMQ.

Synchronous
The Direct component provides synchronous invocation of any consumers when a producer sends a message exchange.

URI format

seda:someName[?options]

Where someName can be any string that uniquely identifies the endpoint within the current CamelContext.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format: ?option=value&option=value&…

Options

Name Since Default Description
size    The maximum capacity of the SEDA queue (i.e., the number of messages it can hold). The default value in Camel 2.2 or older is 1000. From Camel 2.3 onwards, the size is unbounded by default.
concurrentConsumers   1 Number of concurrent threads processing exchanges.
waitForTaskToComplete   IfReplyExpected Option to specify whether the caller should wait for the async task to complete or not before continuing. The following three options are supported: Always, Never or IfReplyExpected. The first two values are self-explanatory. The last value, IfReplyExpected, will only wait if the message is Request Reply based. The default option is IfReplyExpected. See more information about Async messaging.
timeout   30000 Timeout (in milliseconds) before a SEDA producer will stop waiting for an asynchronous task to complete. See waitForTaskToComplete and Async for more details. In Camel 2.2 you can now disable timeout by using 0 or a negative value.
multipleConsumers 2.2 false Specifies whether multiple consumers are allowed. If enabled, you can use SEDA for Publish-Subscribe messaging. That is, you can send a message to the SEDA queue and have each consumer receive a copy of the message. When enabled, this option should be specified on every consumer endpoint.
limitConcurrentConsumers 2.3 true Whether to limit the number of concurrentConsumers to the maximum of 500. By default, an exception will be thrown if a SEDA endpoint is configured with a greater number. You can disable that check by turning this option off.
blockWhenFull 2.9 false Whether a thread that sends messages to a full SEDA queue will block until the queue's capacity is no longer exhausted. By default, an exception will be thrown stating that the queue is full. By enabling this option, the calling thread will instead block and wait until the message can be accepted.
queueSize 2.9   The maximum size (capacity of the number of messages it can hold) of the SEDA queue.
pollTimeout 2.9.3 1000 Consumer only – The timeout used when polling. When a timeout occurs, the consumer can check whether it is allowed to continue running. Setting a lower value allows the consumer to react more quickly upon shutdown.

Use of Request Reply

The SEDA component supports using Request Reply, where the caller will wait for the Async route to complete. For instance:

from("mina:tcp://0.0.0.0:9876?textline=true&sync=true").to("seda:input");

from("seda:input").to("bean:processInput").to("bean:createResponse");

In the route above, we have a TCP listener on port 9876 that accepts incoming requests. The request is routed to the seda:input queue. As it is a Request Reply message, we wait for the response. When the consumer on the seda:input queue is complete, it copies the response to the original message response.

Camel 2.0 - 2.2: Works only with 2 endpoints
Using Request Reply over SEDA or VM only works with 2 endpoints. You cannot chain endpoints by sending to A -> B -> C etc. Only between A -> B. The reason is the implementation logic is fairly simple. To support 3+ endpoints makes the logic much more complex to handle ordering and notification between the waiting threads properly.

This has been improved in Camel 2.3 onwards, which allows you to chain as many endpoints as you like.

Concurrent consumers

By default, the SEDA endpoint uses a single consumer thread, but you can configure it to use concurrent consumer threads. So instead of thread pools you can use:

from("seda:stageName?concurrentConsumers=5").process(...)

As for the difference between the two, note a thread pool can increase/shrink dynamically at runtime depending on load, whereas the number of concurrent consumers is always fixed.

Thread pools

Be aware that adding a thread pool to a SEDA endpoint by doing something like:

from("seda:stageName").thread(5).process(...)

Can wind up with two BlockQueues: one from the SEDA endpoint, and one from the workqueue of the thread pool, which may not be what you want. Instead, you might wish to configure a Direct endpoint with a thread pool, which can process messages both synchronously and asynchronously. For example:

from("direct:stageName").thread(5).process(...)

You can also directly configure number of threads that process messages on a SEDA endpoint using the concurrentConsumers option.

Sample

In the route below we use the SEDA queue to send the request to this async queue to be able to send a fire-and-forget message for further processing in another thread, and return a constant reply in this thread to the original caller.

public void configure() throws Exception {
    from("direct:start")
        // send it to the seda queue that is async
        .to("seda:next")
        // return a constant response
        .transform(constant("OK"));

    from("seda:next").to("mock:result");
}

Here we send a Hello World message and expects the reply to be OK.

Object out = template.requestBody("direct:start", "Hello World");
assertEquals("OK", out);

The "Hello World" message will be consumed from the SEDA queue from another thread for further processing. Since this is from a unit test, it will be sent to a mock endpoint where we can do assertions in the unit test.

Using multipleConsumers

Available as of Camel 2.2

In this example we have defined two consumers and registered them as spring beans.

<!-- define the consumers as spring beans -->
<bean id="consumer1" class="org.apache.camel.spring.example.FooEventConsumer"/>

<bean id="consumer2" class="org.apache.camel.spring.example.AnotherFooEventConsumer"/>

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <!-- define a shared endpoint which the consumers can refer to instead of using url -->
    <endpoint id="foo" uri="seda:foo?multipleConsumers=true"/>
</camelContext>

Since we have specified multipleConsumers=true on the seda foo endpoint we can have those two consumers receive their own copy of the message as a kind of pub-sub style messaging.

As the beans are part of an unit test they simply send the message to a mock endpoint, but notice how we can use @Consume to consume from the seda queue.

public class FooEventConsumer {

    @EndpointInject(uri = "mock:result")
    private ProducerTemplate destination;

    @Consume(ref = "foo")
    public void doSomething(String body) {
        destination.sendBody("foo" + body);
    }

}

Extracting queue information.

If needed, information such as queue size, etc. can be obtained without using JMX in this fashion:

SedaEndpoint seda = context.getEndpoint("seda:xxxx");
int size = seda.getExchanges().size();

See Also

Servlet Component

The servlet: component provides HTTP based endpoints for consuming HTTP requests that arrive at a HTTP endpoint that is bound to a published Servlet.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-servlet</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <\!-\- use the same version as your Camel core version \-->
</dependency>
Stream
Servlet is stream based, which means the input it receives is submitted to Camel as a stream. That means you will only be able to read the content of the stream once. If you find a situation where the message body appears to be empty or you need to access the data multiple times (eg: doing multicasting, or redelivery error handling) you should use Stream caching or convert the message body to a String which is safe to be read multiple times.

URI format

servlet://relative_path[?options]

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
httpBindingRef null Reference to an org.apache.camel.component.http.HttpBinding in the Registry. A HttpBinding implementation can be used to customize how to write a response.
matchOnUriPrefix false Whether or not the CamelServlet should try to find a target consumer by matching the URI prefix, if no exact match is found.
servletName CamelServlet Specifies the servlet name that the servlet endpoint will bind to. This name should match the name you define in web.xml file.

Message Headers

Camel will apply the same Message Headers as the HTTP component.

Camel will also populate all request.parameter and request.headers. For example, if a client request has the URL, http://myserver/myserver?orderid=123, the exchange will contain a header named orderid with the value 123.

Usage

You can consume only from endpoints generated by the Servlet component. Therefore, it should be used only as input into your Camel routes. To issue HTTP requests against other HTTP endpoints, use the HTTP Component

Putting Camel JARs in the app server boot classpath

If you put the Camel JARs such as camel-core, camel-servlet, etc. in the boot classpath of your application server (eg usually in its lib directory), then mind that the servlet mapping list is now shared between multiple deployed Camel application in the app server.

Mind that putting Camel JARs in the boot classpath of the application server is generally not best practice!

So in those situations you must define a custom and unique servlet name in each of your Camel application, eg in the web.xml define:

<servlet>
  <servlet-name>MySerlvet</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>org.apache.camel.component.servlet.CamelHttpTransportServlet</servlet-class>
  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

And in your Camel endpoints then include the servlet name as well

<route>
  <from uri="servlet://foo?servletName=MyServlet"/>
  ...
</route>

Sample

From Camel 2.7 onwards it's easier to use Servlet in Spring web applications. See Servlet Tomcat Example for details.

In this sample, we define a route that exposes a HTTP service at http://localhost:8080/camel/services/hello.
First, you need to publish the CamelHttpTransportServlet through the normal Web Container, or OSGi Service.
Use the Web.xml file to publish the CamelHttpTransportServlet as follows:

<web-app>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>CamelServlet</servlet-name>
    <display-name>Camel Http Transport Servlet</display-name>
    <servlet-class>org.apache.camel.component.servlet.CamelHttpTransportServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>CamelServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

Then you can define your route as follows:

from("servlet:///hello?matchOnUriPrefix=true").process(new Processor() {
    public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
        String contentType = exchange.getIn().getHeader(Exchange.CONTENT_TYPE, String.class);
        String path = exchange.getIn().getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_PATH, String.class);
        assertEquals("Get a wrong content type", CONTENT_TYPE, contentType);
        // assert camel http header
        String charsetEncoding = exchange.getIn().getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_CHARACTER_ENCODING, String.class);
        assertEquals("Get a wrong charset name from the message heaer", "UTF-8", charsetEncoding);
        // assert exchange charset
        assertEquals("Get a wrong charset naem from the exchange property", "UTF-8", exchange.getProperty(Exchange.CHARSET_NAME));
        exchange.getOut().setHeader(Exchange.CONTENT_TYPE, contentType + "; charset=UTF-8");
        exchange.getOut().setHeader("PATH", path);
        exchange.getOut().setBody("<b>Hello World</b>");
    }
});
Specify the relative path for camel-servlet endpoint
Since we are binding the Http transport with a published servlet, and we don't know the servlet's application context path, the camel-servlet endpoint uses the relative path to specify the endpoint's URL. A client can access the camel-servlet endpoint through the servlet publish address: ("http://localhost:8080/camel/services") + RELATIVE_PATH("/hello").

Sample when using Spring 3.x

See Servlet Tomcat Example

Sample when using Spring 2.x

When using the Servlet component in a Camel/Spring application it's often required to load the Spring ApplicationContext after the Servlet component has started. This can be accomplished by using Spring's ContextLoaderServlet instead of ContextLoaderListener. In that case you'll need to start ContextLoaderServlet after CamelHttpTransportServlet like this:

 
<web-app>
  <servlet> 
        <servlet-name>CamelServlet</servlet-name> 
        <servlet-class> 
            org.apache.camel.component.servlet.CamelHttpTransportServlet 
        </servlet-class> 
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
  </servlet> 
  <servlet> 
        <servlet-name>SpringApplicationContext</servlet-name> 
        <servlet-class> 
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet 
        </servlet-class> 
        <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup> 
  </servlet> 
<web-app>

Sample when using OSGi

From Camel 2.6.0, you can publish the CamelHttpTransportServlet as an OSGi service with help of SpringDM like this.

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:osgi="http://www.springframework.org/schema/osgi"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/osgi  http://www.springframework.org/schema/osgi/spring-osgi.xsd">
    
    <bean id="camelServlet" class="org.apache.camel.component.servlet.CamelHttpTransportServlet">
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 
    	Enlist it in OSGi service registry 
    	This will cause two things:
    	1) As the pax web whiteboard extender is running the CamelServlet will
    	   be registered with the OSGi HTTP Service
    	2) It will trigger the HttpRegistry in other bundles so the servlet is
    	   made known there too
    -->
    <osgi:service ref="camelServlet">
    	<osgi:interfaces>
    		<value>javax.servlet.Servlet</value>
    		<value>org.apache.camel.component.http.CamelServlet</value>
    	</osgi:interfaces>
        <osgi:service-properties>
            <entry key="alias" value="/camel/services" />
            <entry key="matchOnUriPrefix" value="true" />
            <entry key="servlet-name" value="CamelServlet"/>
        </osgi:service-properties>
    </osgi:service>

</beans>

Then use this service in your camel route like this:

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:camel="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring"
       xmlns:osgi="http://www.springframework.org/schema/osgi"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/osgi  http://www.springframework.org/schema/osgi/spring-osgi.xsd
       http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring/camel-spring.xsd">

	<osgi:reference id="servletref" interface="org.apache.camel.component.http.CamelServlet">
  		<osgi:listener bind-method="register" unbind-method="unregister">
     		<ref bean="httpRegistry"/>
  		</osgi:listener>
	</osgi:reference>
	
	<bean id="httpRegistry" class="org.apache.camel.component.servlet.DefaultHttpRegistry"/>
        
	<bean id="servlet" class="org.apache.camel.component.servlet.ServletComponent">
    	<property name="httpRegistry" ref="httpRegistry" />
	</bean>

	<bean id="servletProcessor" class="org.apache.camel.itest.osgi.servlet.ServletProcessor" />

    <camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
        <route>
            <!-- notice how we can use the servlet scheme which is that osgi:reference above -->
            <from uri="servlet:///hello"/>
            <process ref="servletProcessor"/>
        </route>
    </camelContext>

</beans>

For versions prior to Camel 2.6 you can use an Activator to publish the CamelHttpTransportServlet on the OSGi platform

import java.util.Dictionary;
import java.util.Hashtable;

import org.apache.camel.component.servlet.CamelHttpTransportServlet;
import org.osgi.framework.BundleActivator;
import org.osgi.framework.BundleContext;
import org.osgi.framework.ServiceReference;
import org.osgi.service.http.HttpContext;
import org.osgi.service.http.HttpService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.osgi.context.BundleContextAware;

public final class ServletActivator implements BundleActivator, BundleContextAware {
    private static final transient Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ServletActivator.class);
    private static boolean registerService;
    
    /**
     * HttpService reference.
     */
    private ServiceReference httpServiceRef;
    
    /**
     * Called when the OSGi framework starts our bundle
     */
    public void start(BundleContext bc) throws Exception {
        registerServlet(bc);
    }

    /**
     * Called when the OSGi framework stops our bundle
     */
    public void stop(BundleContext bc) throws Exception {
        if (httpServiceRef != null) {
            bc.ungetService(httpServiceRef);
            httpServiceRef = null;
        }
    }
    
    protected void registerServlet(BundleContext bundleContext) throws Exception {
        httpServiceRef = bundleContext.getServiceReference(HttpService.class.getName());
        
        if (httpServiceRef != null && !registerService) {
            LOG.info("Register the servlet service");
            final HttpService httpService = (HttpService)bundleContext.getService(httpServiceRef);
            if (httpService != null) {
                // create a default context to share between registrations
                final HttpContext httpContext = httpService.createDefaultHttpContext();
                // register the hello world servlet
                final Dictionary<String, String> initParams = new Hashtable<String, String>();
                initParams.put("matchOnUriPrefix", "false");
                initParams.put("servlet-name", "CamelServlet");
                httpService.registerServlet("/camel/services", // alias
                    new CamelHttpTransportServlet(), // register servlet
                    initParams, // init params
                    httpContext // http context
                );
                registerService = true;
            }
        }
    }

    public void setBundleContext(BundleContext bc) {
        try {
            registerServlet(bc);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOG.error("Cannot register the servlet, the reason is " + e);
        }
    }

}

See Also

Shiro Security Component

Available as of Camel 2.5

The shiro-security component in Camel is a security focused component, based on the Apache Shiro security project.

Apache Shiro is a powerful and flexible open-source security framework that cleanly handles authentication, authorization, enterprise session management and cryptography. The objective of the Apache Shiro project is to provide the most robust and comprehensive application security framework available while also being very easy to understand and extremely simple to use.

This camel shiro-security component allows authentication and authorization support to be applied to different segments of a camel route.

Shiro security is applied on a route using a Camel Policy. A Policy in Camel utilizes a strategy pattern for applying interceptors on Camel Processors. It offering the ability to apply cross-cutting concerns (for example. security, transactions etc) on sections/segments of a camel route.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-shiro</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

Shiro Security Basics

To employ Shiro security on a camel route, a ShiroSecurityPolicy object must be instantiated with security configuration details (including users, passwords, roles etc). This object must then be applied to a camel route. This ShiroSecurityPolicy Object may also be registered in the Camel registry (JNDI or ApplicationContextRegistry) and then utilized on other routes in the Camel Context.

Configuration details are provided to the ShiroSecurityPolicy using an Ini file (properties file) or an Ini object. The Ini file is a standard Shiro configuration file containing user/role details as shown below

[users]
# user 'ringo' with password 'starr' and the 'sec-level1' role
ringo = starr, sec-level1
george = harrison, sec-level2
john = lennon, sec-level3
paul = mccartney, sec-level3

[roles]
# 'sec-level3' role has all permissions, indicated by the 
# wildcard '*'
sec-level3 = *

# The 'sec-level2' role can do anything with access of permission 
# readonly (*) to help
sec-level2 = zone1:*

# The 'sec-level1' role can do anything with access of permission 
# readonly   
sec-level1 = zone1:readonly:*

Instantiating a ShiroSecurityPolicy Object

A ShiroSecurityPolicy object is instantiated as follows

        private final String iniResourcePath = "classpath:shiro.ini";
        private final byte[] passPhrase = {
            (byte) 0x08, (byte) 0x09, (byte) 0x0A, (byte) 0x0B,
            (byte) 0x0C, (byte) 0x0D, (byte) 0x0E, (byte) 0x0F,
            (byte) 0x10, (byte) 0x11, (byte) 0x12, (byte) 0x13,
            (byte) 0x14, (byte) 0x15, (byte) 0x16, (byte) 0x17};
        List<permission> permissionsList = new ArrayList<permission>();
        Permission permission = new WildcardPermission("zone1:readwrite:*");
        permissionsList.add(permission);

        final ShiroSecurityPolicy securityPolicy = 
            new ShiroSecurityPolicy(iniResourcePath, passPhrase, true, permissionsList);

ShiroSecurityPolicy Options

Name Default Value Type Description
iniResourcePath or ini none Resource String or Ini Object A mandatory Resource String for the iniResourcePath or an instance of an Ini object must be passed to the security policy. Resources can be acquired from the file system, classpath, or URLs when prefixed with "file:, classpath:, or url:" respectively. For e.g "classpath:shiro.ini"
passPhrase An AES 128 based key byte[] A passPhrase to decrypt ShiroSecurityToken(s) sent along with Message Exchanges
alwaysReauthenticate true boolean Setting to ensure re-authentication on every individual request. If set to false, the user is authenticated and locked such than only requests from the same user going forward are authenticated.
permissionsList none List<Permission> A List of permissions required in order for an authenticated user to be authorized to perform further action i.e continue further on the route. If no Permissions list is provided to the ShiroSecurityPolicy object, then authorization is deemed as not required
cipherService AES org.apache.shiro.crypto.CipherService Shiro ships with AES & Blowfish based CipherServices. You may use one these or pass in your own Cipher implementation

Applying Shiro Authentication on a Camel Route

The ShiroSecurityPolicy, tests and permits incoming message exchanges containing a encrypted SecurityToken in the Message Header to proceed further following proper authentication. The SecurityToken object contains a Username/Password details that are used to determine where the user is a valid user.

    protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
        final ShiroSecurityPolicy securityPolicy = 
            new ShiroSecurityPolicy("classpath:shiro.ini", passPhrase);
        
        return new RouteBuilder() {
            public void configure() {
                onException(UnknownAccountException.class).
                    to("mock:authenticationException");
                onException(IncorrectCredentialsException.class).
                    to("mock:authenticationException");
                onException(LockedAccountException.class).
                    to("mock:authenticationException");
                onException(AuthenticationException.class).
                    to("mock:authenticationException");
                
                from("direct:secureEndpoint").
                    to("log:incoming payload").
                    policy(securityPolicy).
                    to("mock:success");
            }
        };
    }

Applying Shiro Authorization on a Camel Route

Authorization can be applied on a camel route by associating a Permissions List with the ShiroSecurityPolicy. The Permissions List specifies the permissions necessary for the user to proceed with the execution of the route segment. If the user does not have the proper permission set, the request is not authorized to continue any further.

    protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
        final ShiroSecurityPolicy securityPolicy = 
            new ShiroSecurityPolicy("./src/test/resources/securityconfig.ini", passPhrase);
        
        return new RouteBuilder() {
            public void configure() {
                onException(UnknownAccountException.class).
                    to("mock:authenticationException");
                onException(IncorrectCredentialsException.class).
                    to("mock:authenticationException");
                onException(LockedAccountException.class).
                    to("mock:authenticationException");
                onException(AuthenticationException.class).
                    to("mock:authenticationException");
                
                from("direct:secureEndpoint").
                    to("log:incoming payload").
                    policy(securityPolicy).
                    to("mock:success");
            }
        };
    }

Creating a ShiroSecurityToken and injecting it into a Message Exchange

A ShiroSecurityToken object may be created and injected into a Message Exchange using a Shiro Processor called ShiroSecurityTokenInjector. An example of injecting a ShiroSecurityToken using a ShiroSecurityTokenInjector in the client is shown below

    ShiroSecurityToken shiroSecurityToken = new ShiroSecurityToken("ringo", "starr");
    ShiroSecurityTokenInjector shiroSecurityTokenInjector = 
        new ShiroSecurityTokenInjector(shiroSecurityToken, passPhrase);

    from("direct:client").
        process(shiroSecurityTokenInjector).
        to("direct:secureEndpoint");

Sending Messages to routes secured by a ShiroSecurityPolicy

Messages and Message Exchanges sent along the camel route where the security policy is applied need to be accompanied by a SecurityToken in the Exchange Header. The SecurityToken is an encrypted object that holds a Username and Password. The SecurityToken is encrypted using AES 128 bit security by default and can be changed to any cipher of your choice.

Given below is an example of how a request may be sent using a ProducerTemplate in Camel along with a SecurityToken

 
    @Test
    public void testSuccessfulShiroAuthenticationWithNoAuthorization() throws Exception {        
        //Incorrect password
        ShiroSecurityToken shiroSecurityToken = new ShiroSecurityToken("ringo", "stirr");

        // TestShiroSecurityTokenInjector extends ShiroSecurityTokenInjector
        TestShiroSecurityTokenInjector shiroSecurityTokenInjector = 
            new TestShiroSecurityTokenInjector(shiroSecurityToken, passPhrase);
        
        successEndpoint.expectedMessageCount(1);
        failureEndpoint.expectedMessageCount(0);
        
        template.send("direct:secureEndpoint", shiroSecurityTokenInjector);
        
        successEndpoint.assertIsSatisfied();
        failureEndpoint.assertIsSatisfied();
    } 

SIP Component

Available as of Camel 2.5

The sip component in Camel is a communication component, based on the Jain SIP implementation (available under the JCP license).

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is an IETF-defined signaling protocol, widely used for controlling multimedia communication sessions such as voice and video calls over Internet Protocol (IP).The SIP protocol is an Application Layer protocol designed to be independent of the underlying transport layer; it can run on Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP) or Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP).

The Jain SIP implementation supports TCP and UDP only.

The Camel SIP component only supports the SIP Publish and Subscribe capability as described in the RFC3903 - Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension for Event

This camel component supports both producer and consumer endpoints.

Camel SIP Producers (Event Publishers) and SIP Consumers (Event Subscribers) communicate event & state information to each other using an intermediary entity called a SIP Presence Agent (a stateful brokering entity).

For SIP based communication, a SIP Stack with a listener must be instantiated on both the SIP Producer and Consumer (using separate ports if using localhost). This is necessary in order to support the handshakes & acknowledgements exchanged between the SIP Stacks during communication.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-sip</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

The URI scheme for a sip endpoint is as follows:

sip://johndoe@localhost:99999[?options]
sips://johndoe@localhost:99999/[?options]

This component supports producer and consumer endpoints for both TCP and UDP.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

The SIP Component offers an extensive set of configuration options & capability to create custom stateful headers needed to propagate state via the SIP protocol.

Name Default Value Description
stackName NAME_NOT_SET Name of the SIP Stack instance associated with an SIP Endpoint.
transport tcp Setting for choice of transport potocol. Valid choices are "tcp" or "udp".
fromUser   Username of the message originator. Mandatory setting unless a registry based custom FromHeader is specified.
fromHost   Hostname of the message originator. Mandatory setting unless a registry based FromHeader is specified
fromPort   Port of the message originator. Mandatory setting unless a registry based FromHeader is specified
toUser   Username of the message receiver. Mandatory setting unless a registry based custom ToHeader is specified.
toHost   Hostname of the message receiver. Mandatory setting unless a registry based ToHeader is specified
toPort   Portname of the message receiver. Mandatory setting unless a registry based ToHeader is specified
maxforwards 0 the number of intermediaries that may forward the message to the message receiver. Optional setting. May alternatively be set using as registry based MaxForwardsHeader
eventId   Setting for a String based event Id. Mandatory setting unless a registry based FromHeader is specified
eventHeaderName   Setting for a String based event Id. Mandatory setting unless a registry based FromHeader is specified
maxMessageSize 1048576 Setting for maximum allowed Message size in bytes.
cacheConnections false Should connections be cached by the SipStack to reduce cost of connection creation. This is useful if the connection is used for long running conversations.
consumer false This setting is used to determine whether the kind of header (FromHeader,ToHeader etc) that needs to be created for this endpoint
automaticDialogSupport off Setting to specify whether every communication should be associated with a dialog.
contentType text Setting for contentType can be set to any valid MimeType.
contentSubType xml Setting for contentSubType can be set to any valid MimeSubType.
receiveTimeoutMillis 10000 Setting for specifying amount of time to wait for a Response and/or Acknowledgement can be received from another SIP stack
useRouterForAllUris false This setting is used when requests are sent to the Presence Agent via a proxy.
msgExpiration 3600 The amount of time a message received at an endpoint is considered valid
presenceAgent false This setting is used to distingish between a Presence Agent & a consumer. This is due to the fact that the SIP Camel component ships with a basic Presence Agent (for testing purposes only). Consumers have to set this flag to true.

Registry based Options

SIP requires a number of headers to be sent/received as part of a request. These SIP header can be enlisted in the Registry, such as in the Spring XML file.

The values that could be passed in, are the following:

Name Description
fromHeader a custom Header object containing message originator settings. Must implement the type javax.sip.header.FromHeader
toHeader a custom Header object containing message receiver settings. Must implement the type javax.sip.header.ToHeader
viaHeaders List of custom Header objects of the type javax.sip.header.ViaHeader. Each ViaHeader containing a proxy address for request forwarding. (Note this header is automatically updated by each proxy when the request arrives at its listener)
contentTypeHeader a custom Header object containing message content details. Must implement the type javax.sip.header.ContentTypeHeader
callIdHeader a custom Header object containing call details. Must implement the type javax.sip.header.CallIdHeader
maxForwardsHeader a custom Header object containing details on maximum proxy forwards. This header places a limit on the viaHeaders possible. Must implement the type javax.sip.header.MaxForwardsHeader
eventHeader a custom Header object containing event details. Must implement the type javax.sip.header.EventHeader
contactHeader an optional custom Header object containing verbose contact details (email, phone number etc). Must implement the type javax.sip.header.ContactHeader
expiresHeader a custom Header object containing message expiration details. Must implement the type javax.sip.header.ExpiresHeader
extensionHeader a custom Header object containing user/application specific details. Must implement the type javax.sip.header.ExtensionHeader

Sending Messages to/from a SIP endpoint

Creating a Camel SIP Publisher

In the example below, a SIP Publisher is created to send SIP Event publications to
a user "agent@localhost:5152". This is the address of the SIP Presence Agent which acts as a broker between the SIP Publisher and Subscriber

  • using a SIP Stack named client
  • using a registry based eventHeader called evtHdrName
  • using a registry based eventId called evtId
  • from a SIP Stack with Listener set up as user2@localhost:3534
  • The Event being published is EVENT_A
  • A Mandatory Header called REQUEST_METHOD is set to Request.Publish thereby setting up the endpoint as a Event publisher"
producerTemplate.sendBodyAndHeader(  
    "sip://agent@localhost:5152?stackName=client&eventHeaderName=evtHdrName&eventId=evtid&fromUser=user2&fromHost=localhost&fromPort=3534",   
    "EVENT_A",  
    "REQUEST_METHOD",   
    Request.PUBLISH);  

Creating a Camel SIP Subscriber

In the example below, a SIP Subscriber is created to receive SIP Event publications sent to
a user "johndoe@localhost:5154"

  • using a SIP Stack named Subscriber
  • registering with a Presence Agent user called agent@localhost:5152
  • using a registry based eventHeader called evtHdrName. The evtHdrName contains the Event which is se to "Event_A"
  • using a registry based eventId called evtId
@Override  
protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {  
    return new RouteBuilder() {  
        @Override  
        public void configure() throws Exception {    
            // Create PresenceAgent  
            from("sip://agent@localhost:5152?stackName=PresenceAgent&presenceAgent=true&eventHeaderName=evtHdrName&eventId=evtid")  
                .to("mock:neverland");  
                  
            // Create Sip Consumer(Event Subscriber)  
            from("sip://johndoe@localhost:5154?stackName=Subscriber&toUser=agent&toHost=localhost&toPort=5152&eventHeaderName=evtHdrName&eventId=evtid")  
                .to("log:ReceivedEvent?level=DEBUG")  
                .to("mock:notification");  
                  
        }  
    };  
}  

The Camel SIP component also ships with a Presence Agent that is meant to be used for Testing and Demo purposes only. An example of instantiating a Presence Agent is given above.

Note that the Presence Agent is set up as a user agent@localhost:5152 and is capable of communicating with both Publisher as well as Subscriber. It has a separate SIP stackName distinct from Publisher as well as Subscriber. While it is set up as a Camel Consumer, it does not actually send any messages along the route to the endpoint "mock:neverland".

SMPP Component

Available as of Camel 2.2

This component provides access to an SMSC (Short Message Service Center) over the SMPP protocol to send and receive SMS. The JSMPP is used.

Starting with Camel 2.9, you are also able to execute ReplaceSm, QuerySm, SubmitMulti, CancelSm and DataSm.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-smpp</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

smpp://[username@]hostname[:port][?options]
smpps://[username@]hostname[:port][?options]

If no username is provided, then Camel will provide the default value smppclient.
If no port number is provided, then Camel will provide the default value 2775.
Camel 2.3: If the protocol name is "smpps", camel-smpp with try to use SSLSocket to init a connection to the server.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

URI Options

Name Default Value Description
password password Specifies the password to use to log in to the SMSC.
systemType cp This parameter is used to categorize the type of ESME (External Short Message Entity) that is binding to the SMSC (max. 13 characters).
alphabet / dataCoding 0 Camel 2.5 Defines encoding of data according the SMPP 3.4 specification, section 5.2.19. (Prior to Camel 2.9 use dataCoding instead of alphabet.) Example data encodings are:
0: SMSC Default Alphabet
4: 8 bit Alphabet
8: UCS2 Alphabet
encoding ISO-8859-1 only for SubmitSm, ReplaceSm and SubmitMulti Defines the encoding scheme of the short message user data.
enquireLinkTimer 5000 Defines the interval in milliseconds between the confidence checks. The confidence check is used to test the communication path between an ESME and an SMSC.
transactionTimer 10000 Defines the maximum period of inactivity allowed after a transaction, after which an SMPP entity may assume that the session is no longer active. This timer may be active on either communicating SMPP entity (i.e. SMSC or ESME).
initialReconnectDelay 5000 Defines the initial delay in milliseconds after the consumer/producer tries to reconnect to the SMSC, after the connection was lost.
reconnectDelay 5000 Defines the interval in milliseconds between the reconnect attempts, if the connection to the SMSC was lost and the previous was not succeed.
registeredDelivery 1 only for SubmitSm, ReplaceSm, SubmitMulti and DataSm Is used to request an SMSC delivery receipt and/or SME originated acknowledgements. The following values are defined:
0: No SMSC delivery receipt requested.
1: SMSC delivery receipt requested where final delivery outcome is success or failure.
2: SMSC delivery receipt requested where the final delivery outcome is delivery failure.
serviceType CMT The service type parameter can be used to indicate the SMS Application service associated with the message. The following generic service_types are defined:
CMT: Cellular Messaging
CPT: Cellular Paging
VMN: Voice Mail Notification
VMA: Voice Mail Alerting
WAP: Wireless Application Protocol
USSD: Unstructured Supplementary Services Data
sourceAddr 1616 Defines the address of SME (Short Message Entity) which originated this message.
destAddr 1717 only for SubmitSm, SubmitMulti, CancelSm and DataSm Defines the destination SME address. For mobile terminated messages, this is the directory number of the recipient MS.
sourceAddrTon 0 Defines the type of number (TON) to be used in the SME originator address parameters. The following TON values are defined:
0: Unknown
1: International
2: National
3: Network Specific
4: Subscriber Number
5: Alphanumeric
6: Abbreviated
destAddrTon 0 only for SubmitSm, SubmitMulti, CancelSm and DataSm Defines the type of number (TON) to be used in the SME destination address parameters. Same as the sourceAddrTon values defined above.
sourceAddrNpi 0 Defines the numeric plan indicator (NPI) to be used in the SME originator address parameters. The following NPI values are defined:
0: Unknown
1: ISDN (E163/E164)
2: Data (X.121)
3: Telex (F.69)
6: Land Mobile (E.212)
8: National
9: Private
10: ERMES
13: Internet (IP)
18: WAP Client Id (to be defined by WAP Forum)
destAddrNpi 0 only for SubmitSm, SubmitMulti, CancelSm and DataSm Defines the numeric plan indicator (NPI) to be used in the SME destination address parameters. Same as the sourceAddrNpi values defined above.
priorityFlag 1 only for SubmitSm and SubmitMulti Allows the originating SME to assign a priority level to the short message. Four Priority Levels are supported:
0: Level 0 (lowest) priority
1: Level 1 priority
2: Level 2 priority
3: Level 3 (highest) priority
replaceIfPresentFlag 0 only for SubmitSm and SubmitMulti Used to request the SMSC to replace a previously submitted message, that is still pending delivery. The SMSC will replace an existing message provided that the source address, destination address and service type match the same fields in the new message. The following replace if present flag values are defined:
0: Don't replace
1: Replace
typeOfNumber 0 Defines the type of number (TON) to be used in the SME. Use the sourceAddrTon values defined above.
numberingPlanIndicator 0 Defines the numeric plan indicator (NPI) to be used in the SME. Use the sourceAddrNpi values defined above.
lazySessionCreation false Camel 2.8 onwards Sessions can be lazily created to avoid exceptions, if the SMSC is not available when the Camel producer is started.
httpProxyHost null Camel 2.9.1: If you need to tunnel SMPP through a HTTP proxy, set this attribute to the hostname or ip address of your HTTP proxy.
httpProxyPort 3128 Camel 2.9.1: If you need to tunnel SMPP through a HTTP proxy, set this attribute to the port of your HTTP proxy.
httpProxyUsername null Camel 2.9.1: If your HTTP proxy requires basic authentication, set this attribute to the username required for your HTTP proxy.
httpProxyPassword null Camel 2.9.1: If your HTTP proxy requires basic authentication, set this attribute to the password required for your HTTP proxy.

You can have as many of these options as you like.

smpp://smppclient@localhost:2775?password=password&enquireLinkTimer=3000&transactionTimer=5000&systemType=consumer

Producer Message Headers

The following message headers can be used to affect the behavior of the SMPP producer

Header Type Description
CamelSmppDestAddr List/String only for SubmitSm, SubmitMulti, CancelSm and DataSm Defines the destination SME address(es). For mobile terminated messages, this is the directory number of the recipient MS. Is must be a List<String> for SubmitMulti and a String otherwise.
CamelSmppDestAddrTon Byte only for SubmitSm, SubmitMulti, CancelSm and DataSm Defines the type of number (TON) to be used in the SME destination address parameters. Use the sourceAddrTon URI option values defined above.
CamelSmppDestAddrNpi Byte only for SubmitSm, SubmitMulti, CancelSm and DataSm Defines the numeric plan indicator (NPI) to be used in the SME destination address parameters. Use the URI option sourceAddrNpi values defined above.
CamelSmppSourceAddr String Defines the address of SME (Short Message Entity) which originated this message.
CamelSmppSourceAddrTon Byte Defines the type of number (TON) to be used in the SME originator address parameters. Use the sourceAddrTon URI option values defined above.
CamelSmppSourceAddrNpi Byte Defines the numeric plan indicator (NPI) to be used in the SME originator address parameters. Use the URI option sourceAddrNpi values defined above.
CamelSmppServiceType String The service type parameter can be used to indicate the SMS Application service associated with the message. Use the URI option serviceType settings above.
CamelSmppRegisteredDelivery Byte only for SubmitSm, ReplaceSm, SubmitMulti and DataSm Is used to request an SMSC delivery receipt and/or SME originated acknowledgements. Use the URI option registeredDelivery settings above.
CamelSmppPriorityFlag Byte only for SubmitSm and SubmitMulti Allows the originating SME to assign a priority level to the short message. Use the URI option priorityFlag settings above.
CamelSmppScheduleDeliveryTime Date only for SubmitSm, SubmitMulti and ReplaceSm This parameter specifies the scheduled time at which the message delivery should be first attempted. It defines either the absolute date and time or relative time from the current SMSC time at which delivery of this message will be attempted by the SMSC. It can be specified in either absolute time format or relative time format. The encoding of a time format is specified in chapter 7.1.1. in the smpp specification v3.4.
CamelSmppValidityPeriod String/Date only for SubmitSm, SubmitMulti and ReplaceSm The validity period parameter indicates the SMSC expiration time, after which the message should be discarded if not delivered to the destination. If it's provided as Date, it's interpreted as absolute time. Camel 2.9.1 onwards: It can be defined in absolute time format or relative time format if you provide it as String as specified in chapter 7.1.1 in the smpp specification v3.4.
CamelSmppReplaceIfPresentFlag Byte only for SubmitSm and SubmitMulti The replace if present flag parameter is used to request the SMSC to replace a previously submitted message, that is still pending delivery. The SMSC will replace an existing message provided that the source address, destination address and service type match the same fields in the new message. The following values are defined:
0: Don't replace
1: Replace
CamelSmppAlphabet / CamelSmppDataCoding Byte Camel 2.5 For SubmitSm, SubmitMulti and ReplaceSm (Prior to Camel 2.9 use CamelSmppDataCoding instead of CamelSmppAlphabet.) The data coding according to the SMPP 3.4 specification, section 5.2.19. Use the URI option alphabet settings above.

The following message headers are used by the SMPP producer to set the response from the SMSC in the message header

Header Type Description
CamelSmppId List<String>/String The id to identify the submitted short message(s) for later use. From Camel 2.9.0: In case of a ReplaceSm, QuerySm, CancelSm and DataSm this header vaule is a String. In case of a SubmitSm or SubmitMultiSm this header vaule is a List<String>.
CamelSmppSentMessageCount Integer From Camel 2.9 onwards only for SubmitSm and SubmitMultiSm The total number of messages which has been sent.
CamelSmppError Map<String, List<Map<String, Object>>> From Camel 2.9 onwards only for SubmitMultiSm The errors which occurred by sending the short message(s) the form Map<String, List<Map<String, Object>>> (messageID : (destAddr : address, error : errorCode)).

Consumer Message Headers

The following message headers are used by the SMPP consumer to set the request data from the SMSC in the message header

Header Type Description
CamelSmppSequenceNumber Integer only for AlertNotification, DeliverSm and DataSm A sequence number allows a response PDU to be correlated with a request PDU. The associated SMPP response PDU must preserve this field.
CamelSmppCommandId Integer only for AlertNotification, DeliverSm and DataSm The command id field identifies the particular SMPP PDU. For the complete list of defined values see chapter 5.1.2.1 in the smpp specification v3.4.
CamelSmppSourceAddr String only for AlertNotification, DeliverSm and DataSm Defines the address of SME (Short Message Entity) which originated this message.
CamelSmppSourceAddrNpi Byte only for AlertNotification and DataSm Defines the numeric plan indicator (NPI) to be used in the SME originator address parameters. Use the URI option sourceAddrNpi values defined above.
CamelSmppSourceAddrTon Byte only for AlertNotification and DataSm Defines the type of number (TON) to be used in the SME originator address parameters. Use the sourceAddrTon URI option values defined above.
CamelSmppEsmeAddr String only for AlertNotification Defines the destination ESME address. For mobile terminated messages, this is the directory number of the recipient MS.
CamelSmppEsmeAddrNpi Byte only for AlertNotification Defines the numeric plan indicator (NPI) to be used in the ESME originator address parameters. Use the URI option sourceAddrNpi values defined above.
CamelSmppEsmeAddrTon Byte only for AlertNotification Defines the type of number (TON) to be used in the ESME originator address parameters. Use the sourceAddrTon URI option values defined above.
CamelSmppId String only for smsc DeliveryReceipt and DataSm The message ID allocated to the message by the SMSC when originally submitted.
CamelSmppDelivered Integer only for smsc DeliveryReceipt Number of short messages delivered. This is only relevant where the original message was submitted to a distribution list.The value is padded with leading zeros if necessary.
CamelSmppDoneDate Date only for smsc DeliveryReceipt The time and date at which the short message reached it's final state. The format is as follows: YYMMDDhhmm.
CamelSmppFinalStatus DeliveryReceiptState only for smsc DeliveryReceipt: The final status of the message. The following values are defined:
DELIVRD: Message is delivered to destination
EXPIRED: Message validity period has expired.
DELETED: Message has been deleted.
UNDELIV: Message is undeliverable
ACCEPTD: Message is in accepted state (i.e. has been manually read on behalf of the subscriber by customer service)
UNKNOWN: Message is in invalid state
REJECTD: Message is in a rejected state
CamelSmppCommandStatus Integer only for DataSm The Command status of the message.
CamelSmppError String only for smsc DeliveryReceipt Where appropriate this may hold a Network specific error code or an SMSC error code for the attempted delivery of the message. These errors are Network or SMSC specific and are not included here.
CamelSmppSubmitDate Date only for smsc DeliveryReceipt The time and date at which the short message was submitted. In the case of a message which has been replaced, this is the date that the original message was replaced. The format is as follows: YYMMDDhhmm.
CamelSmppSubmitted Integer only for smsc DeliveryReceipt Number of short messages originally submitted. This is only relevant when the original message was submitted to a distribution list.The value is padded with leading zeros if necessary.
CamelSmppDestAddr String only for DeliverSm and DataSm: Defines the destination SME address. For mobile terminated messages, this is the directory number of the recipient MS.
CamelSmppScheduleDeliveryTime String only for DeliverSm: This parameter specifies the scheduled time at which the message delivery should be first attempted. It defines either the absolute date and time or relative time from the current SMSC time at which delivery of this message will be attempted by the SMSC. It can be specified in either absolute time format or relative time format. The encoding of a time format is specified in Section 7.1.1. in the smpp specification v3.4.
CamelSmppValidityPeriod String only for DeliverSm The validity period parameter indicates the SMSC expiration time, after which the message should be discarded if not delivered to the destination. It can be defined in absolute time format or relative time format. The encoding of absolute and relative time format is specified in Section 7.1.1 in the smpp specification v3.4.
CamelSmppServiceType String only for DeliverSm and DataSm The service type parameter indicates the SMS Application service associated with the message.
CamelSmppRegisteredDelivery Byte only for DataSm Is used to request an delivery receipt and/or SME originated acknowledgements. Same values as in Producer header list above.
CamelSmppDestAddrNpi Byte only for DataSm Defines the numeric plan indicator (NPI) in the destination address parameters. Use the URI option sourceAddrNpi values defined above.
CamelSmppDestAddrTon Byte only for DataSm Defines the type of number (TON) in the destination address parameters. Use the sourceAddrTon URI option values defined above.
CamelSmppMessageType String Camel 2.6 onwards: Identifies the type of an incoming message:
AlertNotification: an SMSC alert notification
DataSm: an SMSC data short message
DeliveryReceipt: an SMSC delivery receipt
DeliverSm: an SMSC deliver short message
JSMPP library
See the documentation of the JSMPP Library for more details about the underlying library.

Exception handling

This component supports the general Camel exception handling capabilities.
Camel 2.8 onwards: When the SMPP consumer receives a DeliverSm or DataSm short message and the processing of these messages fails, you can also throw a ProcessRequestException instead of handle the failure. In this case, this exception is forwarded to the underlying JSMPP library which will return the included error code to the SMSC. This feature is useful to e.g. instruct the SMSC to resend the short message at a later time. This could be done with the following lines of code:

from("smpp://smppclient@localhost:2775?password=password&enquireLinkTimer=3000&transactionTimer=5000&systemType=consumer")
  .doTry()
    .to("bean:dao?method=updateSmsState")
  .doCatch(Exception.class)
    .throwException(new ProcessRequestException("update of sms state failed", 100))
  .end();

Please refer to the SMPP specification for the complete list of error codes and their meanings.

Samples

A route which sends an SMS using the Java DSL:

from("direct:start")
  .to("smpp://smppclient@localhost:2775?
      password=password&enquireLinkTimer=3000&transactionTimer=5000&systemType=producer");

A route which sends an SMS using the Spring XML DSL:

<route>
  <from uri="direct:start"/>
  <to uri="smpp://smppclient@localhost:2775?
           password=password&amp;enquireLinkTimer=3000&amp;transactionTimer=5000&amp;systemType=producer"/>
</route>

A route which receives an SMS using the Java DSL:

from("smpp://smppclient@localhost:2775?password=password&enquireLinkTimer=3000&transactionTimer=5000&systemType=consumer")
  .to("bean:foo");

A route which receives an SMS using the Spring XML DSL:

  <route>
     <from uri="smpp://smppclient@localhost:2775?
                password=password&amp;enquireLinkTimer=3000&amp;transactionTimer=5000&amp;systemType=consumer"/>
     <to uri="bean:foo"/>
  </route>
SMSC simulator
If you need an SMSC simulator for your test, you can use the simulator provided by Logica.

Debug logging

This component has log level DEBUG, which can be helpful in debugging problems. If you use log4j, you can add the following line to your configuration:

log4j.logger.org.apache.camel.component.smpp=DEBUG

See Also

SNMP Component

Available as of Camel 2.1

The snmp: component gives you the ability to poll SNMP capable devices or receiving traps.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-snmp</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

snmp://hostname[:port][?Options]

The component supports polling OID values from an SNMP enabled device and receiving traps.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
type none The type of action you want to perform. Actually you can enter here POLL or TRAP. The value POLL will instruct the endpoint to poll a given host for the supplied OID keys. If you put in TRAP you will setup a listener for SNMP Trap Events.
address none This is the IP address and the port of the host to poll or where to setup the Trap Receiver. Example: 127.0.0.1:162
protocol udp Here you can select which protocol to use. You can use either udp or tcp.
retries 2 Defines how often a retry is made before canceling the request.
timeout 1500 Sets the timeout value for the request in millis.
snmpVersion 0 (which means SNMPv1) Sets the snmp version for the request.
snmpCommunity public Sets the community octet string for the snmp request.
delay 60 seconds Defines the delay in seconds between to poll cycles.
oids none Defines which values you are interested in. Please have a look at the Wikipedia to get a better understanding. You may provide a single OID or a coma separated list of OIDs. Example: oids="1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0,1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.2.1.5.1,1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.5.1.1.1,1.3.6.1.2.1.43.5.1.1.11.1"

The result of a poll

Given the situation, that I poll for the following OIDs:

OIDs
1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0
1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.2.1.5.1
1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.5.1.1.1
1.3.6.1.2.1.43.5.1.1.11.1

The result will be the following:

Result of toString conversion
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<snmp>
  <entry>
    <oid>1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0</oid>
    <value>6 days, 21:14:28.00</value>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <oid>1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.2.1.5.1</oid>
    <value>2</value>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <oid>1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.5.1.1.1</oid>
    <value>3</value>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <oid>1.3.6.1.2.1.43.5.1.1.11.1</oid>
    <value>6</value>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <oid>1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0</oid>
    <value>My Very Special Printer Of Brand Unknown</value>
  </entry>
</snmp>

As you maybe recognized there is one more result than requested....1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0.
This one is filled in by the device automatically in this special case. So it may absolutely happen, that you receive more than you requested...be prepared.

Examples

Polling a remote device:

snmp:192.168.178.23:161?protocol=udp&type=POLL&oids=1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0

Setting up a trap receiver (Note that no OID info is needed here!):

snmp:127.0.0.1:162?protocol=udp&type=TRAP

From Camel 2.10.0, you can get the community of SNMP TRAP with message header 'securityName',
peer address of the SNMP TRAP with message header 'peerAddress'.

Routing example in Java: (converts the SNMP PDU to XML String)

from("snmp:192.168.178.23:161?protocol=udp&type=POLL&oids=1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0").
convertBodyTo(String.class).
to("activemq:snmp.states");

See Also

Spring Integration Component

The spring-integration: component provides a bridge for Camel components to talk to spring integration endpoints.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-spring-integration</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

spring-integration:defaultChannelName[?options]

Where defaultChannelName represents the default channel name which is used by the Spring Integration Spring context. It will equal to the inputChannel name for the Spring Integration consumer and the outputChannel name for the Spring Integration provider.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Type Description
inputChannel String The Spring integration input channel name that this endpoint wants to consume from, where the specified channel name is defined in the Spring context.
outputChannel String The Spring integration output channel name that is used to send messages to the Spring integration context.
inOut String The exchange pattern that the Spring integration endpoint should use. If inOut=true then a reply channel is expected, either from the Spring Integration Message header or configured on the endpoint.

Usage

The Spring integration component is a bridge that connects Camel endpoints with Spring integration endpoints through the Spring integration's input channels and output channels. Using this component, we can send Camel messages to Spring Integration endpoints or receive messages from Spring integration endpoints in a Camel routing context.

Examples

Using the Spring integration endpoint

You can set up a Spring integration endpoint using a URI, as follows:

<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
			http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
			http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration
			http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration/spring-integration.xsd
			http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring
			http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring/camel-spring.xsd">

    <!-- spring integration channels -->
    <channel id="inputChannel"/>
    <channel id="outputChannel"/>
    <channel id="onewayChannel"/>

    <!-- spring integration service activators -->
    <service-activator input-channel="inputChannel" ref="helloService" method="sayHello"/>
    <service-activator input-channel="onewayChannel" ref="helloService" method="greet"/>

    <!-- custom bean -->
    <beans:bean id="helloService" class="org.apache.camel.component.spring.integration.HelloWorldService"/>

    <camelContext id="camel" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
        <route>
            <from uri="direct:twowayMessage"/>
            <to uri="spring-integration:inputChannel?inOut=true&amp;inputChannel=outputChannel"/>
        </route>
        <route>
            <from uri="direct:onewayMessage"/>
            <to uri="spring-integration:onewayChannel?inOut=false"/>
        </route>
    </camelContext>
<!-- spring integration channels -->
<channel id="requestChannel"/>
<channel id="responseChannel"/>

<!-- cusom Camel processor -->
<beans:bean id="myProcessor" class="org.apache.camel.component.spring.integration.MyProcessor"/>

<!-- Camel route -->
<camelContext  xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <route>
        <from uri="spring-integration://requestChannel?outputChannel=responseChannel&amp;inOut=true"/>
        <process ref="myProcessor"/>
    </route>
</camelContext>

Or directly using a Spring integration channel name:

<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
			http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
			http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration
			http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration/spring-integration.xsd
			http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring
			http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring/camel-spring.xsd">

    <!-- spring integration channel -->
    <channel id="outputChannel"/>

    <camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
        <route>
            <from uri="outputChannel"/>
            <to uri="mock:result"/>
        </route>
    </camelContext>

The Source and Target adapter

Spring integration also provides the Spring integration's source and target adapters, which can route messages from a Spring integration channel to a Camel endpoint or from a Camel endpoint to a Spring integration channel.

This example uses the following namespaces:

<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration"
       xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:camel-si="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring/integration"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration
	   http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration/spring-integration.xsd
       http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring/integration
       http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring/integration/camel-spring-integration.xsd
       http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring
       http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring/camel-spring.xsd
    ">

You can bind your source or target to a Camel endpoint as follows:

<!-- Create the camel context here -->
<camelContext id="camelTargetContext" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <route>
        <from uri="direct:EndpointA" />
        <to uri="mock:result" />
    </route>
    <route>
        <from uri="direct:EndpointC"/>
        <process ref="myProcessor"/>
      </route>
</camelContext>

<!-- We can bind the camelTarget to the camel context's endpoint by specifying the camelEndpointUri attribute -->
<camel-si:camelTarget id="camelTargetA" camelEndpointUri="direct:EndpointA" expectReply="false">
    <camel-si:camelContextRef>camelTargetContext</camel-si:camelContextRef>
</camel-si:camelTarget>

<camel-si:camelTarget id="camelTargetB" camelEndpointUri="direct:EndpointC" replyChannel="channelC" expectReply="true">
    <camel-si:camelContextRef>camelTargetContext</camel-si:camelContextRef>
</camel-si:camelTarget>

<camel-si:camelTarget id="camelTargetD" camelEndpointUri="direct:EndpointC" expectReply="true">
    <camel-si:camelContextRef>camelTargetContext</camel-si:camelContextRef>
</camel-si:camelTarget>

<beans:bean id="myProcessor" class="org.apache.camel.component.spring.integration.MyProcessor"/>
<!-- spring integration channels -->
<channel id="channelA"/>
<channel id="channelB"/>
<channel id="channelC"/>

<!-- spring integration service activator -->
<service-activator input-channel="channelB" output-channel="channelC" ref="helloService" method="sayHello"/>

<!-- custom bean -->
<beans:bean id="helloService" class="org.apache.camel.component.spring.integration.HelloWorldService"/>

<camelContext id="camelSourceContext" xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <route>
        <from uri="direct:OneWay"/>
        <to uri="direct:EndpointB"/>
    </route>
    <route>
        <from uri="direct:TwoWay"/>
        <to uri="direct:EndpointC"/>
    </route>
</camelContext>

<!-- camelSource will redirect the message coming for direct:EndpointB to the spring requestChannel channelA -->
<camel-si:camelSource id="camelSourceA" camelEndpointUri="direct:EndpointB"
                      requestChannel="channelA" expectReply="false">
    <camel-si:camelContextRef>camelSourceContext</camel-si:camelContextRef>
</camel-si:camelSource>

<!-- camelSource will redirect the message coming for direct:EndpointC to the spring requestChannel channelB
     then it will pull the response from channelC and put the response message back to direct:EndpointC -->

<camel-si:camelSource id="camelSourceB" camelEndpointUri="direct:EndpointC"
                      requestChannel="channelB" replyChannel="channelC" expectReply="true">
    <camel-si:camelContextRef>camelSourceContext</camel-si:camelContextRef>
</camel-si:camelSource>

See Also

Spring Web Services Component

Available as of Camel 2.6

The spring-ws: component allows you to integrate with Spring Web Services. It offers both client-side support, for accessing web services, and server-side support for creating your own contract-first web services.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
	<artifactId>camel-spring-ws</artifactId>
	<version>x.x.x</version>
	<!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>
Dependencies
As of Camel 2.8 this component ships with Spring-WS 2.0.x which (like the rest of Camel) requires Spring 3.0.x.

Earlier Camel versions shipped Spring-WS 1.5.9 which is compatible with Spring 2.5.x and 3.0.x. In order to run earlier versions of camel-spring-ws on Spring 2.5.x you need to add the spring-webmvc module from Spring 2.5.x. In order to run Spring-WS 1.5.9 on Spring 3.0.x you need to exclude the OXM module from Spring 3.0.x as this module is also included in Spring-WS 1.5.9 (see this post)

URI format

The URI scheme for this component is as follows

spring-ws:[mapping-type:]address[?options]

To expose a web service mapping-type needs to be set to any of the following:

Mapping type Description
rootqname Offers the option to map web service requests based on the qualified name of the root element contained in the message.
soapaction Used to map web service requests based on the SOAP action specified in the header of the message.
uri In order to map web service requests that target a specific URI.
xpathresult Used to map web service requests based on the evaluation of an XPath expression against the incoming message. The result of the evaluation should match the XPath result specified in the endpoint URI.
beanname Allows you to reference an org.apache.camel.component.spring.ws.bean.CamelEndpointDispatcher object in order to integrate with existing (legacy) endpoint mappings like PayloadRootQNameEndpointMapping, SoapActionEndpointMapping, etc

As a consumer the address should contain a value relevant to the specified mapping-type (e.g. a SOAP action, XPath expression). As a producer the address should be set to the URI of the web service your calling upon.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Required? Description
soapAction No SOAP action to include inside a SOAP request when accessing remote web services
wsAddressingAction No WS-Addressing 1.0 action header to include when accessing web services. The To header is set to the address of the web service as specified in the endpoint URI (default Spring-WS behavior).
expression Only when mapping-type is xpathresult XPath expression to use in the process of mapping web service requests, should match the result specified by xpathresult
timeout No Camel 2.10: Sets the socket read timeout (in milliseconds) while invoking a webservice using the producer, see URLConnection.setReadTimeout() and CommonsHttpMessageSender.setReadTimeout()
sslContextParameters No Camel 2.10: Reference to an org.apache.camel.util.jsse.SSLContextParameters in the Registry.  See Using the JSSE Configuration Utility.  This option works when using the built-in message sender implementations: CommonsHttpMessageSender and HttpUrlConnectionMessageSender.  One of these implementations will be used by default for HTTP based services unless you customize the Spring WS configuration options supplied to the component.  If you are using a non-standard sender, it is assumed that you will handle your own TLS configuration.

Registry based options

The following options can be specified in the registry (most likely a Spring ApplicationContext) and referenced from the endpoint URI using the # notation.

Name Required? Description
webServiceTemplate No Option to provide a custom WebServiceTemplate. This allows for full control over client-side web services handling; like adding a custom interceptor or specifying a fault resolver, message sender or message factory.
messageSender No Option to provide a custom WebServiceMessageSender. For example to perform authentication or use alternative transports
messageFactory No Option to provide a custom WebServiceMessageFactory. For example when you want Apache Axiom to handle web service messages instead of SAAJ
transformerFactory No Option to override default TransformerFactory. The provided transformer factory must be of type javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory
endpointMapping Only when mapping-type is rootqname, soapaction, uri or xpathresult Reference to an instance of org.apache.camel.component.spring.ws.bean.CamelEndpointMapping in the Registry/ApplicationContext. Only one bean is required in the registry to serve all Camel/Spring-WS endpoints. This bean is auto-discovered by the MessageDispatcher and used to map requests to Camel endpoints based on characteristics specified on the endpoint (like root QName, SOAP action, etc)

Message headers

Name Type Description
CamelSpringWebserviceEndpointUri String URI of the web service your accessing as a client, overrides address part of the endpoint URI
CamelSpringWebserviceSoapAction String Header to specify the SOAP action of the message, overrides soapAction option if present
CamelSpringWebserviceAddressingAction URI Use this header to specify the WS-Addressing action of the message, overrides wsAddressingAction option if present

Accessing web services

To call a web service at http://foo.com/bar simply define a route:

from("direct:example").to("spring-ws:http://foo.com/bar")

And sent a message:

template.requestBody("direct:example", "<foobar xmlns=\"http://foo.com\"><msg>test message</msg></foobar>");

Remember if it's a SOAP service you're calling you don't have to include SOAP tags. Spring-WS will perform the XML-to-SOAP marshaling.

Sending SOAP and WS-Addressing action headers

When a remote web service requires a SOAP action or use of the WS-Addressing standard you define your route as:

from("direct:example")
.to("spring-ws:http://foo.com/bar?soapAction=http://foo.com&wsAddressingAction=http://bar.com")

Optionally you can override the endpoint options with header values:

template.requestBodyAndHeader("direct:example",
"<foobar xmlns=\"http://foo.com\"><msg>test message</msg></foobar>",
SpringWebserviceConstants.SPRING_WS_SOAP_ACTION, "http://baz.com");

Using a custom MessageSender and MessageFactory

A custom message sender or factory in the registry can be referenced like this:

from("direct:example")
.to("spring-ws:http://foo.com/bar?messageFactory=#messageFactory&messageSender=#messageSender")

Spring configuration:

<!-- authenticate using HTTP Basic Authentication -->
<bean id="messageSender" class="org.springframework.ws.transport.http.CommonsHttpMessageSender">
	<property name="credentials">
		<bean class="org.apache.commons.httpclient.UsernamePasswordCredentials">
			<constructor-arg index="0" value="admin"/>
			<constructor-arg index="1" value="secret"/>
		</bean>
	</property>
</bean>

<!-- force use of Sun SAAJ implementation, http://static.springsource.org/spring-ws/sites/1.5/faq.html#saaj-jboss -->
<bean id="messageFactory" class="org.springframework.ws.soap.saaj.SaajSoapMessageFactory">
	<property name="messageFactory">
		<bean class="com.sun.xml.messaging.saaj.soap.ver1_1.SOAPMessageFactory1_1Impl"></bean>
	</property>
</bean>

Exposing web services

In order to expose a web service using this component you first need to set-up a MessageDispatcher to look for endpoint mappings in a Spring XML file. If you plan on running inside a servlet container you probably want to use a MessageDispatcherServlet configured in web.xml.

By default the MessageDispatcherServlet will look for a Spring XML named /WEB-INF/spring-ws-servlet.xml. To use Camel with Spring-WS the only mandatory bean in that XML file is CamelEndpointMapping. This bean allows the MessageDispatcher to dispatch web service requests to your routes.

web.xml

<web-app>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring-ws</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.ws.transport.http.MessageDispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>spring-ws</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

spring-ws-servlet.xml

<bean id="endpointMapping" class="org.apache.camel.component.spring.ws.bean.CamelEndpointMapping" />

<bean id="wsdl" class="org.springframework.ws.wsdl.wsdl11.DefaultWsdl11Definition">
	<property name="schema">
		<bean class="org.springframework.xml.xsd.SimpleXsdSchema">
			<property name="xsd" value="/WEB-INF/foobar.xsd"/>
		</bean>
	</property>
	<property name="portTypeName" value="FooBar"/>
	<property name="locationUri" value="/"/>
	<property name="targetNamespace" value="http://example.com/"/>
</bean>

More information on setting up Spring-WS can be found in Writing Contract-First Web Services. Basically paragraph 3.6 "Implementing the Endpoint" is handled by this component (specifically paragraph 3.6.2 "Routing the Message to the Endpoint" is where CamelEndpointMapping comes in). Also don't forget to check out the Spring Web Services Example included in the Camel distribution.

Endpoint mapping in routes

With the XML configuration in-place you can now use Camel's DSL to define what web service requests are handled by your endpoint:

The following route will receive all web service requests that have a root element named "GetFoo" within the http://example.com/ namespace.

from("spring-ws:rootqname:{http://example.com/}GetFoo?endpointMapping=#endpointMapping")
.convertBodyTo(String.class).to(mock:example)

The following route will receive web service requests containing the http://example.com/GetFoo SOAP action.

from("spring-ws:soapaction:http://example.com/GetFoo?endpointMapping=#endpointMapping")
.convertBodyTo(String.class).to(mock:example)

The following route will receive all requests sent to http://example.com/foobar.

from("spring-ws:uri:http://example.com/foobar?endpointMapping=#endpointMapping")
.convertBodyTo(String.class).to(mock:example)

The route below will receive requests that contain the element <foobar>abc</foobar> anywhere inside the message (and the default namespace).

from("spring-ws:xpathresult:abc?expression=//foobar&endpointMapping=#endpointMapping")
.convertBodyTo(String.class).to(mock:example)

Alternative configuration, using existing endpoint mappings

For every endpoint with mapping-type beanname one bean of type CamelEndpointDispatcher with a corresponding name is required in the Registry/ApplicationContext. This bean acts as a bridge between the Camel endpoint and an existing endpoint mapping like PayloadRootQNameEndpointMapping.

The use of the beanname mapping-type is primarily meant for (legacy) situations where you're already using Spring-WS and have endpoint mappings defined in a Spring XML file. The beanname mapping-type allows you to wire your Camel route into an existing endpoint mapping. When you're starting from scratch it's recommended to define your endpoint mappings as Camel URI's (as illustrated above with endpointMapping) since it requires less configuration and is more expressive. Alternatively you could use vanilla Spring-WS with the help of annotations.

An example of a route using beanname:

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
	<route>
		<from uri="spring-ws:beanname:QuoteEndpointDispatcher" />
		<to uri="mock:example" />
	</route>
</camelContext>

<bean id="legacyEndpointMapping" class="org.springframework.ws.server.endpoint.mapping.PayloadRootQNameEndpointMapping">
    <property name="mappings">
        <props>
            <prop key="{http://example.com/}GetFuture">FutureEndpointDispatcher</prop>
            <prop key="{http://example.com/}GetQuote">QuoteEndpointDispatcher</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>

<bean id="QuoteEndpointDispatcher" class="org.apache.camel.component.spring.ws.bean.CamelEndpointDispatcher" />
<bean id="FutureEndpointDispatcher" class="org.apache.camel.component.spring.ws.bean.CamelEndpointDispatcher" />

POJO (un)marshalling

Camel's pluggable data formats offer support for pojo/xml marshalling using libraries such as JAXB, XStream, JibX, Castor and XMLBeans. You can use these data formats in your route to sent and receive pojo's, to and from web services.

When accessing web services you can marshal the request and unmarshal the response message:

JaxbDataFormat jaxb = new JaxbDataFormat(false);
jaxb.setContextPath("com.example.model");

from("direct:example").marshal(jaxb).to("spring-ws:http://foo.com/bar").unmarshal(jaxb);

Similarly when providing web services, you can unmarshal XML requests to POJO's and marshal the response message back to XML:

from("spring-ws:rootqname:{http://example.com/}GetFoo?endpointMapping=#endpointMapping").unmarshal(jaxb)
.to("mock:example").marshal(jaxb);

See Also

Stream Component

The stream: component provides access to the System.in, System.out and System.err streams as well as allowing streaming of file and URL.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-stream</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

stream:in[?options]
stream:out[?options]
stream:err[?options]
stream:header[?options]

In addition, the file and url endpoint URIs are supported in Camel 2.0:

stream:file?fileName=/foo/bar.txt
stream:url[?options]

If the stream:header URI is specified, the stream header is used to find the stream to write to. This option is available only for stream producers (that is, it cannot appear in from()).

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Default Value Description
delay 0 Initial delay in milliseconds before consuming or producing the stream.
encoding JVM Default As of 1.4, you can configure the encoding (is a charset name) to use text-based streams (for example, message body is a String object). If not provided, Camel uses the JVM default Charset.
promptMessage null Camel 2.0: Message prompt to use when reading from stream:in; for example, you could set this to Enter a command:
promptDelay 0 Camel 2.0: Optional delay in milliseconds before showing the message prompt.
initialPromptDelay 2000 Camel 2.0: Initial delay in milliseconds before showing the message prompt. This delay occurs only once. Can be used during system startup to avoid message prompts being written while other logging is done to the system out.
fileName null Camel 2.0: When using the stream:file URI format, this option specifies the filename to stream to/from.
scanStream false Camel 2.0: To be used for continuously reading a stream such as the unix tail command.
Camel 2.4 to Camel 2.6: will retry opening the file if it is overwritten, somewhat like tail --retry
retry false Camel 2.7: will retry opening the file if it's overwritten, somewhat like tail --retry
scanStreamDelay 0 Camel 2.0: Delay in milliseconds between read attempts when using scanStream.
groupLines 0 Camel 2.5: To group X number of lines in the consumer. For example to group 10 lines and therefore only spit out an Exchange with 10 lines, instead of 1 Exchange per line.

Message content

The stream: component supports either String or byte[] for writing to streams. Just add either String or byte[] content to the message.in.body.
The special stream:header URI is used for custom output streams. Just add a java.io.OutputStream object to message.in.header in the key header.
See samples for an example.

Samples

In the following sample we route messages from the direct:in endpoint to the System.out stream:

@Test
public void testStringContent() throws Exception {
    template.sendBody("direct:in", "Hello Text World\n");
}

@Test
public void testBinaryContent() {
    template.sendBody("direct:in", "Hello Bytes World\n".getBytes());
}

protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        public void configure() {
            from("direct:in").to("stream:out");
        }
    };
}

The following sample demonstrates how the header type can be used to determine which stream to use. In the sample we use our own output stream, MyOutputStream.

private OutputStream mystream = new MyOutputStream();
private StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

@Test
public void testStringContent() {
    template.sendBody("direct:in", "Hello");
    // StreamProducer appends \n in text mode
    assertEquals("Hello\n", sb.toString());
}

@Test
public void testBinaryContent() {
    template.sendBody("direct:in", "Hello".getBytes());
    // StreamProducer is in binary mode so no \n is appended
    assertEquals("Hello", sb.toString());
}

protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        public void configure() {
            from("direct:in").setHeader("stream", constant(mystream)).
                to("stream:header");
        }
    };
}

private class MyOutputStream extends OutputStream {

    public void write(int b) throws IOException {
        sb.append((char)b);
    }
}

The following sample demonstrates how to continuously read a file stream (analogous to the UNIX tail command):

from("stream:file?fileName=/server/logs/server.log&scanStream=true&scanStreamDelay=1000").to("bean:logService?method=parseLogLine");

One gotcha with scanStream (pre Camel 2.7) or scanStream + retry is the file will be re-opened and scanned with each iteration of scanStreamDelay. Until NIO2 is available we cannot reliably detect when a file is deleted/recreated.

See Also

String Template

The string-template: component allows you to process a message using a String Template. This can be ideal when using Templating to generate responses for requests.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-stringtemplate</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

string-template:templateName[?options]

Where templateName is the classpath-local URI of the template to invoke; or the complete URL of the remote template.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Option Default Description
contentCache false New option in Camel 1.4. Cache for the resource content when its loaded.
Note : as of Camel 2.9 cached resource content can be cleared via JMX using the endpoint's clearContentCache operation.

Headers

Camel will store a reference to the resource in the message header with key, org.apache.camel.stringtemplate.resource. The Resource is an org.springframework.core.io.Resource object.

Hot reloading

The string template resource is by default hot-reloadable for both file and classpath resources (expanded jar). If you set contentCache=true, Camel loads the resource only once and hot-reloading is not possible. This scenario can be used in production when the resource never changes.

StringTemplate Attributes

Camel will provide exchange information as attributes (just a java.util.Map) to the string template. The Exchange is transfered as:

key value
exchange The Exchange itself.
headers The headers of the In message.
camelContext The Camel Context.
request The In message.
in The In message.
body The In message body.
out The Out message (only for InOut message exchange pattern).
response The Out message (only for InOut message exchange pattern).

Samples

For example you could use a string template as follows in order to formulate a response to a message:

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("string-template:com/acme/MyResponse.tm");

The Email Sample

In this sample we want to use a string template to send an order confirmation email. The email template is laid out in StringTemplate as:

Dear $headers.lastName$, $headers.firstName$

Thanks for the order of $headers.item$.

Regards Camel Riders Bookstore
$body$

And the java code is as follows:

private Exchange createLetter() {
    Exchange exchange = context.getEndpoint("direct:a").createExchange();
    Message msg = exchange.getIn();
    msg.setHeader("firstName", "Claus");
    msg.setHeader("lastName", "Ibsen");
    msg.setHeader("item", "Camel in Action");
    msg.setBody("PS: Next beer is on me, James");
    return exchange;
}

@Test
public void testVelocityLetter() throws Exception {
    MockEndpoint mock = getMockEndpoint("mock:result");
    mock.expectedMessageCount(1);
    mock.expectedBodiesReceived("Dear Ibsen, Claus! Thanks for the order of Camel in Action. Regards Camel Riders Bookstore PS: Next beer is on me, James");

    template.send("direct:a", createLetter());

    mock.assertIsSatisfied();
}

protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        public void configure() throws Exception {
            from("direct:a").to("string-template:org/apache/camel/component/stringtemplate/letter.tm").to("mock:result");
        }
    };
}

See Also

SQL Component

The sql: component allows you to work with databases using JDBC queries. The difference between this component and JDBC component is that in case of SQL the query is a property of the endpoint and it uses message payload as parameters passed to the query.

This component uses spring-jdbc behind the scenes for the actual SQL handling.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-sql</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

The SQL component also supports:

  • a JDBC based repository for the Idempotent Consumer EIP pattern. See further below.
  • a JDBC based repository for the Aggregator EIP pattern. See further below.

URI format

The SQL component can only be used to define producer endpoints. In other words, you cannot define an SQL endpoint in a from() statement.
This component can be used as a Transactional Client.

The SQL component uses the following endpoint URI notation:

sql:select * from table where id=# order by name[?options]

Notice that the standard ? symbol that denotes the parameters to an SQL query is substituted with the # symbol, because the ? symbol is used to specify options for the endpoint. The ? symbol replacement can be configured on endpoint basis.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Option Type Default Description
batch boolean false Camel 2.7.5, 2.8.4 and 2.9: Execute SQL batch update statements. See notes below on how the treatment of the inbound message body changes if this is set to true.
dataSourceRef String null Camel 1.5.1 and 2.0: Reference to a DataSource to look up in the registry.
placeholder String # Camel 2.4: Specifies a character that will be replaced to ? in SQL query. Notice, that it is simple String.replaceAll() operation and no SQL parsing is involved (quoted strings will also change)
template.<xxx>   null Sets additional options on the Spring JdbcTemplate that is used behind the scenes to execute the queries. For instance, template.maxRows=10. For detailed documentation, see the JdbcTemplate javadoc documentation.

Treatment of the message body

The SQL component tries to convert the message body to an object of java.util.Iterator type and then uses this iterator to fill the query parameters (where each query parameter is represented by a # symbol (or configured placeholder) in the endpoint URI). If the message body is not an array or collection, the conversion results in an iterator that iterates over only one object, which is the body itself.

For example, if the message body is an instance of java.util.List, the first item in the list is substituted into the first occurrence of # in the SQL query, the second item in the list is substituted into the second occurrence of #, and so on.

If batch is set to true, then the interpretation of the inbound message body changes slightly – instead of an iterator of parameters, the component expects an iterator that contains the parameter iterators; the size of the outer iterator determines the batch size.

Result of the query

For select operations, the result is an instance of List<Map<String, Object>> type, as returned by the JdbcTemplate.queryForList() method. For update operations, the result is the number of updated rows, returned as an Integer.

Header values

When performing update operations, the SQL Component stores the update count in the following message headers:

Header Description
SqlProducer.UPDATE_COUNT Camel 1.x: The number of rows updated for update operations, returned as an Integer object.
CamelSqlUpdateCount Camel 2.0: The number of rows updated for update operations, returned as an Integer object.
CamelSqlRowCount Camel 2.0: The number of rows returned for select operations, returned as an Integer object.
CamelSqlQuery Camel 2.8: Query to execute. This query takes precedence over the query specified in the endpoint URI. Note that query parameters in the header are represented by a ? instead of a # symbol

Configuration in Camel 1.5.0 or lower

The SQL component must be configured before it can be used. In Spring, you can configure it as follows:

<bean id="sql" class="org.apache.camel.component.sql.SqlComponent">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="myDS"/>
</bean>

<bean id="myDS" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds" />
    <property name="username" value="username" />
    <property name="password" value="password" />
</bean>

Configuration in Camel 1.5.1 or higher

You can now set a reference to a DataSource in the URI directly:

sql:select * from table where id=# order by name?dataSourceRef=myDS

Sample

In the sample below we execute a query and retrieve the result as a List of rows, where each row is a Map<String, Object and the key is the column name.

First, we set up a table to use for our sample. As this is based on an unit test, we do it in java:

// this is the database we create with some initial data for our unit test
db = new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
    .setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.DERBY).addScript("sql/createAndPopulateDatabase.sql").build();

The SQL script createAndPopulateDatabase.sql we execute looks like as described below:

create table projects (id integer primary key, project varchar(10), license varchar(5));
insert into projects values (1, 'Camel', 'ASF');
insert into projects values (2, 'AMQ', 'ASF');
insert into projects values (3, 'Linux', 'XXX');

Then we configure our route and our sql component. Notice that we use a direct endpoint in front of the sql endpoint. This allows us to send an exchange to the direct endpoint with the URI, direct:simple, which is much easier for the client to use than the long sql: URI. Note that the DataSource is looked up up in the registry, so we can use standard Spring XML to configure our DataSource.

from("direct:simple")
    .to("sql:select * from projects where license = # order by id?dataSourceRef=jdbc/myDataSource")
    .to("mock:result");

And then we fire the message into the direct endpoint that will route it to our sql component that queries the database.

MockEndpoint mock = getMockEndpoint("mock:result");
mock.expectedMessageCount(1);

// send the query to direct that will route it to the sql where we will execute the query
// and bind the parameters with the data from the body. The body only contains one value
// in this case (XXX) but if we should use multi values then the body will be iterated
// so we could supply a List<String> instead containing each binding value.
template.sendBody("direct:simple", "XXX");

mock.assertIsSatisfied();

// the result is a List
List<?> received = assertIsInstanceOf(List.class, mock.getReceivedExchanges().get(0).getIn().getBody());

// and each row in the list is a Map
Map<?, ?> row = assertIsInstanceOf(Map.class, received.get(0));

// and we should be able the get the project from the map that should be Linux
assertEquals("Linux", row.get("PROJECT"));

We could configure the DataSource in Spring XML as follows:

 <jee:jndi-lookup id="myDS" jndi-name="jdbc/myDataSource"/> 

Using the JDBC based idempotent repository

Available as of Camel 2.7: In this section we will use the JDBC based idempotent repository.

Abstract class
From Camel 2.9 onwards there is an abstract class org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.jdbc.AbstractJdbcMessageIdRepository you can extend to build custom JDBC idempotent repository.

First we have to create the database table which will be used by the idempotent repository. For Camel 2.7, we use the following schema:

CREATE TABLE CAMEL_MESSAGEPROCESSED (
  processorName VARCHAR(255),
  messageId VARCHAR(100)
)

In Camel 2.8, we added the createdAt column:

CREATE TABLE CAMEL_MESSAGEPROCESSED (
  processorName VARCHAR(255),
  messageId VARCHAR(100),
  createdAt TIMESTAMP
)

We recommend to have a unique constraint on the columns processorName and messageId. Because the syntax for this constraint differs for database to database, we do not show it here.

Second we need to setup a javax.sql.DataSource in the spring XML file:

<jdbc:embedded-database id="dataSource" type="DERBY" />

And finally we can create our JDBC idempotent repository in the spring XML file as well:

<bean id="messageIdRepository" class="org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.jdbc.JdbcMessageIdRepository">
	<constructor-arg ref="dataSource" />
	<constructor-arg value="myProcessorName" />
</bean>

<camel:camelContext>
	<camel:errorHandler id="deadLetterChannel" type="DeadLetterChannel" deadLetterUri="mock:error">
		<camel:redeliveryPolicy maximumRedeliveries="0" maximumRedeliveryDelay="0" logStackTrace="false" />
	</camel:errorHandler>
	
	<camel:route id="JdbcMessageIdRepositoryTest" errorHandlerRef="deadLetterChannel">
		<camel:from uri="direct:start" />
		<camel:idempotentConsumer messageIdRepositoryRef="messageIdRepository">
			<camel:header>messageId</camel:header>
			<camel:to uri="mock:result" />
		</camel:idempotentConsumer>
	</camel:route>
</camel:camelContext>

Customize the JdbcMessageIdRepository

Starting with Camel 2.9.1 you have a few options to tune the org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.jdbc.JdbcMessageIdRepository for your needs:

Parameter Default Value Description
createTableIfNotExists true Defines whether or not Camel should try to create the table if it doesn't exist.
tableExistsString SELECT 1 FROM CAMEL_MESSAGEPROCESSED WHERE 1 = 0 This query is used to figure out whether the table already exists or not. It must throw an exception to indicate the table doesn't exist.
createString CREATE TABLE CAMEL_MESSAGEPROCESSED (processorName VARCHAR(255), messageId VARCHAR(100), createdAt TIMESTAMP) The statement which is used to create the table.
queryString SELECT COUNT(*) FROM CAMEL_MESSAGEPROCESSED WHERE processorName = ? AND messageId = ? The query which is used to figure out whether the message already exists in the repository (the result is not equals to '0'). It takes two parameters. This first one is the processor name (String) and the second one is the message id (String).
insertString INSERT INTO CAMEL_MESSAGEPROCESSED (processorName, messageId, createdAt) VALUES (?, ?, ?) The statement which is used to add the entry into the table. It takes three parameter. The first one is the processor name (String), the second one is the message id (String) and the third one is the timestamp (java.sql.Timestamp) when this entry was added to the repository.
deleteString DELETE FROM CAMEL_MESSAGEPROCESSED WHERE processorName = ? AND messageId = ? The statement which is used to delete the entry from the database. It takes two parameter. This first one is the processor name (String) and the second one is the message id (String).

A customized org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.jdbc.JdbcMessageIdRepository could look like:

<bean id="messageIdRepository" class="org.apache.camel.processor.idempotent.jdbc.JdbcMessageIdRepository">
	<constructor-arg ref="dataSource" />
	<constructor-arg value="myProcessorName" />
	<property name="tableExistsString" value="SELECT 1 FROM CUSTOMIZED_MESSAGE_REPOSITORY WHERE 1 = 0" />
	<property name="createString" value="CREATE TABLE CUSTOMIZED_MESSAGE_REPOSITORY (processorName VARCHAR(255), messageId VARCHAR(100), createdAt TIMESTAMP)" />
	<property name="queryString" value="SELECT COUNT(*) FROM CUSTOMIZED_MESSAGE_REPOSITORY WHERE processorName = ? AND messageId = ?" />
	<property name="insertString" value="INSERT INTO CUSTOMIZED_MESSAGE_REPOSITORY (processorName, messageId, createdAt) VALUES (?, ?, ?)" />
	<property name="deleteString" value="DELETE FROM CUSTOMIZED_MESSAGE_REPOSITORY WHERE processorName = ? AND messageId = ?" />
</bean>

Using the JDBC based aggregation repository

Available as of Camel 2.6

Using JdbcAggregationRepository in Camel 2.6
In Camel 2.6, the JdbcAggregationRepository is provided in the camel-jdbc-aggregator component. From Camel 2.7 onwards, the JdbcAggregationRepository is provided in the camel-sql component.

JdbcAggregationRepository is an AggregationRepository which on the fly persists the aggregated messages. This ensures that you will not loose messages, as the default aggregator will use an in memory only AggregationRepository.
The JdbcAggregationRepository allows together with Camel to provide persistent support for the Aggregator.

It has the following options:

Option Type Description
dataSource DataSource Mandatory: The javax.sql.DataSource to use for accessing the database.
repositoryName String Mandatory: The name of the repository.
transactionManager TransactionManager Mandatory: The org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager to mange transactions for the database. The TransactionManager must be able to support databases.
lobHandler LobHandler A org.springframework.jdbc.support.lob.LobHandler to handle Lob types in the database. Use this option to use a vendor specific LobHandler, for example when using Oracle.
returnOldExchange boolean Whether the get operation should return the old existing Exchange if any existed. By default this option is false to optimize as we do not need the old exchange when aggregating.
useRecovery boolean Whether or not recovery is enabled. This option is by default true. When enabled the Camel Aggregator automatic recover failed aggregated exchange and have them resubmitted.
recoveryInterval long If recovery is enabled then a background task is run every x'th time to scan for failed exchanges to recover and resubmit. By default this interval is 5000 millis.
maximumRedeliveries int Allows you to limit the maximum number of redelivery attempts for a recovered exchange. If enabled then the Exchange will be moved to the dead letter channel if all redelivery attempts failed. By default this option is disabled. If this option is used then the deadLetterUri option must also be provided.
deadLetterUri String An endpoint uri for a Dead Letter Channel where exhausted recovered Exchanges will be moved. If this option is used then the maximumRedeliveries option must also be provided.

What is preserved when persisting

JdbcAggregationRepository will only preserve any Serializable compatible data types. If a data type is not such a type its dropped and a WARN is logged. And it only persists the Message body and the Message headers. The Exchange properties are not persisted.

Recovery

The JdbcAggregationRepository will by default recover any failed Exchange. It does this by having a background tasks that scans for failed Exchanges in the persistent store. You can use the checkInterval option to set how often this task runs. The recovery works as transactional which ensures that Camel will try to recover and redeliver the failed Exchange. Any Exchange which was found to be recovered will be restored from the persistent store and resubmitted and send out again.

The following headers is set when an Exchange is being recovered/redelivered:

Header Type Description
Exchange.REDELIVERED Boolean Is set to true to indicate the Exchange is being redelivered.
Exchange.REDELIVERY_COUNTER Integer The redelivery attempt, starting from 1.

Only when an Exchange has been successfully processed it will be marked as complete which happens when the confirm method is invoked on the AggregationRepository. This means if the same Exchange fails again it will be kept retried until it success.

You can use option maximumRedeliveries to limit the maximum number of redelivery attempts for a given recovered Exchange. You must also set the deadLetterUri option so Camel knows where to send the Exchange when the maximumRedeliveries was hit.

You can see some examples in the unit tests of camel-sql, for example this test.

Database

To be operational, each aggregator uses two table: the aggregation and completed one. By convention the completed has the same name as the aggregation one suffixed with "_COMPLETED". The name must be configured in the Spring bean with the RepositoryName property. In the following example aggregation will be used.

The table structure definition of both table are identical: in both case a String value is used as key (id) whereas a Blob contains the exchange serialized in byte array.
However one difference should be remembered: the id field does not have the same content depending on the table.
In the aggregation table id holds the correlation Id used by the component to aggregate the messages. In the completed table, id holds the id of the exchange stored in corresponding the blob field.

Here is the SQL query used to create the tables, just replace "aggregation" with your aggregator repository name.

CREATE TABLE aggregation (
    id varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    exchange blob NOT NULL,
    constraint aggregation_pk PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
CREATE TABLE aggregation_completed (
    id varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    exchange blob NOT NULL,
    constraint aggregation_completed_pk PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

Codec (Serialization)

Since they can contain any type of payload, Exchanges are not serializable by design. It is converted into a byte array to be stored in a database BLOB field. All those conversions are handled by the JdbcCodec class. One detail of the code requires your attention: the ClassLoadingAwareObjectInputStream.

The ClassLoadingAwareObjectInputStream has been reused from the Apache ActiveMQ project. It wraps an ObjectInputStream and use it with the ContextClassLoader rather than the currentThread one. The benefit is to be able to load classes exposed by other bundles. This allows the exchange body and headers to have custom types object references.

Transaction

A Spring PlatformTransactionManager is required to orchestrate transaction.

Service (Start/Stop)

The start method verify the connection of the database and the presence of the required tables. If anything is wrong it will fail during starting.

Aggregator configuration

Depending on the targeted environment, the aggregator might need some configuration. As you already know, each aggregator should have its own repository (with the corresponding pair of table created in the database) and a data source. If the default lobHandler is not adapted to your database system, it can be injected with the lobHandler property.

Here is the declaration for Oracle:

    <bean id="lobHandler" class="org.springframework.jdbc.support.lob.OracleLobHandler">
        <property name="nativeJdbcExtractor" ref="nativeJdbcExtractor"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="nativeJdbcExtractor" class="org.springframework.jdbc.support.nativejdbc.CommonsDbcpNativeJdbcExtractor"/>

    <bean id="repo" class="org.apache.camel.processor.aggregate.jdbc.JdbcAggregationRepository">
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
        <property name="repositoryName" value="aggregation"/>
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- Only with Oracle, else use default -->
        <property name="lobHandler" ref="lobHandler"/>
    </bean>

See Also

Test Component

Testing of distributed and asynchronous processing is notoriously difficult. The Mock, Test and DataSet endpoints work great with the Camel Testing Framework to simplify your unit and integration testing using Enterprise Integration Patterns and Camel's large range of Components together with the powerful Bean Integration.

The test component extends the Mock component to support pulling messages from another endpoint on startup to set the expected message bodies on the underlying Mock endpoint. That is, you use the test endpoint in a route and messages arriving on it will be implicitly compared to some expected messages extracted from some other location.

So you can use, for example, an expected set of message bodies as files. This will then set up a properly configured Mock endpoint, which is only valid if the received messages match the number of expected messages and their message payloads are equal.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component when using Camel 2.8 or older:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-spring</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

From Camel 2.9 onwards the Test component is provided directly in the camel-core.

URI format

test:expectedMessagesEndpointUri

Where expectedMessagesEndpointUri refers to some other Component URI that the expected message bodies are pulled from before starting the test.

Example

For example, you could write a test case as follows:

from("seda:someEndpoint").
  to("test:file://data/expectedOutput?noop=true");

If your test then invokes the MockEndpoint.assertIsSatisfied(camelContext) method, your test case will perform the necessary assertions.

To see how you can set other expectations on the test endpoint, see the Mock component.

See Also

Timer Component

The timer: component is used to generate message exchanges when a timer fires You can only consume events from this endpoint.

URI format

timer:name[?options]

Where name is the name of the Timer object, which is created and shared across endpoints. So if you use the same name for all your timer endpoints, only one Timer object and thread will be used.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Note: The IN body of the generated exchange is null. So exchange.getIn().getBody() returns null.

Advanced Scheduler
See also the Quartz component that supports much more advanced scheduling.
Specify time in human friendly format
In Camel 2.3 onwards you can specify the time in human friendly syntax.

Options

Name Default Value Description
time null A java.util.Date the first event should be generated. If using the URI, the pattern expected is: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss or yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.
pattern null Allows you to specify a custom Date pattern to use for setting the time option using URI syntax.
period 1000 If greater than 0, generate periodic events every period milliseconds.
delay 0 The number of milliseconds to wait before the first event is generated. Should not be used in conjunction with the time option.
fixedRate false Events take place at approximately regular intervals, separated by the specified period.
daemon true Specifies whether or not the thread associated with the timer endpoint runs as a daemon.
repeatCount 0 Camel 2.8: Specifies a maximum limit of number of fires. So if you set it to 1, the timer will only fire once. If you set it to 5, it will only fire five times. A value of zero or negative means fire forever.

Exchange Properties

When the timer is fired, it adds the following information as properties to the Exchange:

Name Type Description
Exchange.TIMER_NAME String The value of the name option.
Exchange.TIMER_TIME Date The value of the time option.
Exchange.TIMER_PERIOD long The value of the period option.
Exchange.TIMER_FIRED_TIME Date The time when the consumer fired.
Exchange.TIMER_COUNTER Long Camel 2.8: The current fire counter. Starts from 1.

Message Headers

When the timer is fired, it adds the following information as headers to the IN message

Name Type Description
Exchange.TIMER_FIRED_TIME java.util.Date The time when the consumer fired

Sample

To set up a route that generates an event every 60 seconds:

   from("timer://foo?fixedRate=true&period=60000").to("bean:myBean?method=someMethodName");
Instead of 60000 you can use period=60s which is more friendly to read.

The above route will generate an event and then invoke the someMethodName method on the bean called myBean in the Registry such as JNDI or Spring.

And the route in Spring DSL:

  <route>
    <from uri="timer://foo?fixedRate=true&amp;period=60000"/>
    <to uri="bean:myBean?method=someMethodName"/>
  </route>

Firing only once

Available as of Camel 2.8

You may want to fire a message in a Camel route only once, such as when starting the route. To do that you use the repeatCount option as shown:

  <route>
    <from uri="timer://foo?repeatCount=1"/>
    <to uri="bean:myBean?method=someMethodName"/>
  </route>

See Also

Validation Component

The Validation component performs XML validation of the message body using the JAXP Validation API and based on any of the supported XML schema languages, which defaults to XML Schema

Note that the Jing component also supports the following useful schema languages:

The MSV component also supports RelaxNG XML Syntax.

URI format

validator:someLocalOrRemoteResource

Where someLocalOrRemoteResource is some URL to a local resource on the classpath or a full URL to a remote resource or resource on the file system which contains the XSD to validate against. For example:

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component when using Camel 2.8 or older:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-spring</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

From Camel 2.9 onwards the Validation component is provided directly in the camel-core.

Options

Option Default Description
resourceResolver null Camel 2.9: Reference to a org.w3c.dom.ls.LSResourceResolver in the Registry.
useDom false Camel 2.0: Whether DOMSource/DOMResult or SaxSource/SaxResult should be used by the validator.
useSharedSchema true Camel 2.3: Whether the Schema instance should be shared or not. This option is introduced to work around a JDK 1.6.x bug. Xerces should not have this issue.

Example

The following example shows how to configure a route from endpoint direct:start which then goes to one of two endpoints, either mock:valid or mock:invalid based on whether or not the XML matches the given schema (which is supplied on the classpath).

<camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
    <route>
        <from uri="direct:start"/>
        <doTry>
            <to uri="validator:org/apache/camel/component/validator/schema.xsd"/>
            <to uri="mock:valid"/>
            <doCatch>
                <exception>org.apache.camel.ValidationException</exception>
                <to uri="mock:invalid"/>
            </doCatch>
            <doFinally>
                <to uri="mock:finally"/>
            </doFinally>
        </doTry>
    </route>
</camelContext>

See Also

Velocity

The velocity: component allows you to process a message using an Apache Velocity template. This can be ideal when using Templating to generate responses for requests.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-velocity</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

velocity:templateName[?options]

Where templateName is the classpath-local URI of the template to invoke; or the complete URL of the remote template (eg: file://folder/myfile.vm).

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Option Default Description
loaderCache true Velocity based file loader cache.
contentCache   New option in Camel 1.4: Cache for the resource content when it is loaded. By default, it's false in Camel 1.x. By default, it's true in Camel 2.x.
Note : as of Camel 2.9 cached resource content can be cleared via JMX using the endpoint's clearContentCache operation.
encoding null New option in Camel 1.6: Character encoding of the resource content.
propertiesFile null New option in Camel 2.1: The URI of the properties file which is used for VelocityEngine initialization.

Message Headers

The velocity component sets a couple headers on the message (you can't set these yourself and from Camel 2.1 velocity component will not set these headers which will cause some side effect on the dynamic template support):

Header Description
CamelVelocityResourceUri Camel 2.0: The templateName as a String object.

In Camel 1.4 headers set during the Velocity evaluation are returned to the message and added as headers. Then its kinda possible to return values from Velocity to the Message.

For example, to set the header value of fruit in the Velocity template .tm:

$in.setHeader('fruit', 'Apple')

The fruit header is now accessible from the message.out.headers.

Velocity Context

Camel will provide exchange information in the Velocity context (just a Map). The Exchange is transfered as:

key value
exchange The Exchange itself.
exchange.properties The Exchange properties.
headers The headers of the In message.
camelContext The Camel Context intance.
request The In message.
in The In message.
body The In message body.
out The Out message (only for InOut message exchange pattern).
response The Out message (only for InOut message exchange pattern).

Hot reloading

The Velocity template resource is, by default, hot reloadable for both file and classpath resources (expanded jar). If you set contentCache=true, Camel will only load the resource once, and thus hot reloading is not possible. This scenario can be used in production, when the resource never changes.

Dynamic templates

Available as of Camel 2.1
Camel provides two headers by which you can define a different resource location for a template or the template content itself. If any of these headers is set then Camel uses this over the endpoint configured resource. This allows you to provide a dynamic template at runtime.

Header Type Description
CamelVelocityResourceUri String Camel 2.1: A URI for the template resource to use instead of the endpoint configured.
CamelVelocityTemplate String Camel 2.1: The template to use instead of the endpoint configured.

Samples

For example you could use something like

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("velocity:com/acme/MyResponse.vm");

To use a Velocity template to formulate a response to a message for InOut message exchanges (where there is a JMSReplyTo header).

If you want to use InOnly and consume the message and send it to another destination, you could use the following route:

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("velocity:com/acme/MyResponse.vm").
  to("activemq:Another.Queue");

And to use the content cache, e.g. for use in production, where the .vm template never changes:

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("velocity:com/acme/MyResponse.vm?contentCache=true").
  to("activemq:Another.Queue");

And a file based resource:

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("velocity:file://myfolder/MyResponse.vm?contentCache=true").
  to("activemq:Another.Queue");

In Camel 2.1 it's possible to specify what template the component should use dynamically via a header, so for example:

from("direct:in").
  setHeader("CamelVelocityResourceUri").constant("path/to/my/template.vm").
  to("velocity:dummy");

In Camel 2.1 it's possible to specify a template directly as a header the component should use dynamically via a header, so for example:

from("direct:in").
  setHeader("CamelVelocityTemplate").constant("Hi this is a velocity template that can do templating ${body}").
  to("velocity:dummy");

The Email Sample

In this sample we want to use Velocity templating for an order confirmation email. The email template is laid out in Velocity as:

Dear ${headers.lastName}, ${headers.firstName}

Thanks for the order of ${headers.item}.

Regards Camel Riders Bookstore
${body}

And the java code:

private Exchange createLetter() {
    Exchange exchange = context.getEndpoint("direct:a").createExchange();
    Message msg = exchange.getIn();
    msg.setHeader("firstName", "Claus");
    msg.setHeader("lastName", "Ibsen");
    msg.setHeader("item", "Camel in Action");
    msg.setBody("PS: Next beer is on me, James");
    return exchange;
}

@Test
public void testVelocityLetter() throws Exception {
    MockEndpoint mock = getMockEndpoint("mock:result");
    mock.expectedMessageCount(1);
    mock.expectedBodiesReceived("Dear Ibsen, Claus\n\nThanks for the order of Camel in Action.\n\nRegards Camel Riders Bookstore\nPS: Next beer is on me, James");

    template.send("direct:a", createLetter());

    mock.assertIsSatisfied();
}

protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() throws Exception {
    return new RouteBuilder() {
        public void configure() throws Exception {
            from("direct:a").to("velocity:org/apache/camel/component/velocity/letter.vm").to("mock:result");
        }
    };
}

See Also

VM Component

The vm: component provides asynchronous SEDA behavior, exchanging messages on a BlockingQueue and invoking consumers in a separate thread pool.

This component differs from the SEDA component in that VM supports communication across CamelContext instances - so you can use this mechanism to communicate across web applications (provided that camel-core.jar is on the system/boot classpath).

VM is an extension to the SEDA component.

URI format

vm:queueName[?options]

Where queueName can be any string to uniquely identify the endpoint within the JVM (or at least within the classloader that loaded camel-core.jar)

You can append query options to the URI in the following format: ?option=value&option=value&...

Camel 1.x to 2.3 - Same URI must be used for both producer and consumer
An exactly identical VM endpoint URI must be used for both the producer and the consumer endpoint. Otherwise, Camel will create a second VM endpoint despite that the queueName portion of the URI is identical. For example:
from("direct:foo").to("vm:bar?concurrentConsumers=5");

from("vm:bar?concurrentConsumers=5").to("file://output");

Notice that we have to use the full URI, including options in both the producer and consumer.

In Camel 2.4 this has been fixed so that only the queue name must match. Using the queue name bar, we could rewrite the previous exmple as follows:

from("direct:foo").to("vm:bar");

from("vm:bar?concurrentConsumers=5").to("file://output");

Options

See the SEDA component for options and other important usage details as the same rules apply to the VM component.

Samples

In the route below we send exchanges across CamelContext instances to a VM queue named order.email:

from("direct:in").bean(MyOrderBean.class).to("vm:order.email");

And then we receive exchanges in some other Camel context (such as deployed in another .war application):

from("vm:order.email").bean(MyOrderEmailSender.class);

See Also

XMPP Component

The xmpp: component implements an XMPP (Jabber) transport.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-xmpp</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

xmpp://[login@]hostname[:port][/participant][?Options]

The component supports both room based and private person-person conversations.
The component supports both producer and consumer (you can get messages from XMPP or send messages to XMPP). Consumer mode supports rooms starting from camel-1.5.0.

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Options

Name Description
room If this option is specified, the component will connect to MUC (Multi User Chat). Usually, the domain name for MUC is different from the login domain. For example, if you are superman@jabber.org and want to join the krypton room, then the room URL is krypton@conference.jabber.org. Note the conference part.
Starting from camel-1.5.0, it is not a requirement to provide the full room JID. If the room parameter does not contain the @ symbol, the domain part will be discovered and added by Camel
user User name (without server name). If not specified, anonymous login will be attempted.
password Password.
resource XMPP resource. The default is Camel.
createAccount If true, an attempt to create an account will be made. Default is false.
participant JID (Jabber ID) of person to receive messages. room parameter has precedence over participant.
nickname Use nickname when joining room. If room is specified and nickname is not, user will be used for the nickname.
serviceName Camel 1.6/2.0 The name of the service you are connecting to. For Google Talk, this would be gmail.com.

Headers and setting Subject or Language

Camel sets the message IN headers as properties on the XMPP message. You can configure a HeaderFilterStategy if you need custom filtering of headers.
In Camel 1.6.2/2.0 the Subject and Language of the XMPP message are also set if they are provided as IN headers.

Examples

User superman to join room krypton at jabber server with password, secret:

xmpp://superman@jabber.org/?room=krypton@conference.jabber.org&password=secret

User superman to send messages to joker:

xmpp://superman@jabber.org/joker@jabber.org?password=secret

Routing example in Java:

from("timer://kickoff?period=10000").
setBody(constant("I will win!\n Your Superman.")).
to("xmpp://superman@jabber.org/joker@jabber.org?password=secret");

Consumer configuration, which writes all messages from joker into the queue, evil.talk.

from("xmpp://superman@jabber.org/joker@jabber.org?password=secret").
to("activemq:evil.talk");

Consumer configuration, which listens to room messages (supported from camel-1.5.0):

from("xmpp://superman@jabber.org/?password=secret&room=krypton@conference.jabber.org").
to("activemq:krypton.talk");

Room in short notation (no domain part; for camel-1.5.0+):

from("xmpp://superman@jabber.org/?password=secret&room=krypton").
to("activemq:krypton.talk");

When connecting to the Google Chat service, you'll need to specify the serviceName as well as your credentials (as of Camel 1.6/2.0):

// send a message from fromuser@gmail.com to touser@gmail.com
from("direct:start").
        to("xmpp://talk.google.com:5222/touser@gmail.com?serviceName=gmail.com&user=fromuser&password=secret").
        to("mock:result");

See Also

XQuery

The xquery: component allows you to process a message using an XQuery template. This can be ideal when using Templating to generate respopnses for requests.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-saxon</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

URI format

xquery:templateName

Where templateName is the classpath-local URI of the template to invoke; or the complete URL of the remote template.

For example you could use something like this:

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("xquery:com/acme/mytransform.xquery");

To use an XQuery template to formulate a response to a message for InOut message exchanges (where there is a JMSReplyTo header).

If you want to use InOnly, consume the message, and send it to another destination, you could use the following route:

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("xquery:com/acme/mytransform.xquery").
  to("activemq:Another.Queue");

See Also

XSLT

The xslt: component allows you to process a message using an XSLT template. This can be ideal when using Templating to generate respopnses for requests.

URI format

xslt:templateName[?options]

Where templateName is the classpath-local URI of the template to invoke; or the complete URL of the remote template. Refer to the Spring Documentation for more detail of the URI syntax

You can append query options to the URI in the following format, ?option=value&option=value&...

Here are some example URIs

URI Description
xslt:com/acme/mytransform.xsl
refers to the file com/acme/mytransform.xsl on the classpath
xslt:file:///foo/bar.xsl
refers to the file /foo/bar.xsl
xslt:http://acme.com/cheese/foo.xsl
refers to the remote http resource

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml for this component when using Camel 2.8 or older:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
    <artifactId>camel-spring</artifactId>
    <version>x.x.x</version>
    <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>

From Camel 2.9 onwards the XSLT component is provided directly in the camel-core.

Options

Name Default Value Description
converter null Option to override default XmlConverter. Will lookup for the converter in the Registry. The provided converted must be of type org.apache.camel.converter.jaxp.XmlConverter.
transformerFactory null Camel 1.6 Option to override default TransformerFactory. Will lookup for the transformerFactory in the Registry. The provided transformer factory must be of type javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory.
transformerFactoryClass null Camel 1.6 Option to override default TransformerFactory. Will create a TransformerFactoryClass instance and set it to the converter.
uriResolver null Camel 2.3: Allows you to use a custom javax.xml.transformation.URIResolver. Camel will by default use its own implementation org.apache.camel.builder.xml.XsltUriResolver which is capable of loading from classpath.
resultHandlerFactory null Camel 2.3: Allows you to use a custom org.apache.camel.builder.xml.ResultHandlerFactory which is capable of using custom org.apache.camel.builder.xml.ResultHandler types.
failOnNullBody true Camel 2.3: Whether or not to throw an exception if the input body is null.
deleteOutputFile false Camel 2.6: If you have output=file then this option dictates whether or not the output file should be deleted when the Exchange is done processing. For example suppose the output file is a temporary file, then it can be a good idea to delete it after use.
output string Camel 2.3: Option to specify which output type to use. Possible values are: string, bytes, DOM, file. The first three options are all in memory based, where as file is streamed directly to a java.io.File. For file you must specify the filename in the IN header with the key Exchange.XSLT_FILE_NAME which is also CamelXsltFileName. Also any paths leading to the filename must be created beforehand, otherwise an exception is thrown at runtime.
contentCache true Camel 2.6: Cache for the resource content (the stylesheet file) when it is loaded. If set to false Camel will reload the stylesheet file on each message processing. This is good for development.
Note: from Camel 2.9 a cached stylesheet can be forced to reload at runtime via JMX using the clearCachedStylesheet operation.
allowStAX false Camel 2.8.3/2.9: Whether to allow using StAX as the javax.xml.transform.Source.

Using XSLT endpoints

For example you could use something like

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("xslt:com/acme/mytransform.xsl");

To use an XSLT template to formulate a response for a message for InOut message exchanges (where there is a JMSReplyTo header).

If you want to use InOnly and consume the message and send it to another destination you could use the following route:

from("activemq:My.Queue").
  to("xslt:com/acme/mytransform.xsl").
  to("activemq:Another.Queue");

Getting Parameters into the XSLT to work with

By default, all headers are added as parameters which are available in the XSLT.
To do this you will need to declare the parameter so it is then useable.

<setHeader headerName="myParam"><constant>42</constant></setHeader>
<to uri="xslt:MyTransform.xsl"/>

And the XSLT just needs to declare it at the top level for it to be available:

<xsl: ...... >

   <xsl:param name="myParam"/>
  
    <xsl:template ...>

Spring XML versions

To use the above examples in Spring XML you would use something like

  <camelContext xmlns="http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/spring">
    <route>
      <from uri="activemq:My.Queue"/>
      <to uri="xslt:org/apache/camel/spring/processor/example.xsl"/>
      <to uri="activemq:Another.Queue"/>
    </route>
  </camelContext>

There is a test case along with its Spring XML if you want a concrete example.

Using xsl:include

Camel 1.6.2/2.2 or older
If you use xsl:include in your XSL files then in Camel 2.2 or older it uses the default javax.xml.transform.URIResolver which means it can only lookup files from file system, and its does that relative from the JVM starting folder.

For example this include:

<xsl:include href="staff_template.xsl"/>

Will lookup the staff_tempkalte.xsl file from the starting folder where the application was started.

Camel 1.6.3/2.3 or newer
Now Camel provides its own implementation of URIResolver which allows Camel to load included files from the classpath and more intelligent than before.

For example this include:

<xsl:include href="staff_template.xsl"/>

Will now be located relative from the starting endpoint, which for example could be:

.to("xslt:org/apache/camel/component/xslt/staff_include_relative.xsl")

Which means Camel will locate the file in the classpath as org/apache/camel/component/xslt/staff_template.xsl.
This allows you to use xsl include and have xsl files located in the same folder such as we do in the example org/apache/camel/component/xslt.

You can use the following two prefixes classpath: or file: to instruct Camel to look either in classpath or file system. If you omit the prefix then Camel uses the prefix from the endpoint configuration. If that neither has one, then classpath is assumed.

You can also refer back in the paths such as

    <xsl:include href="../staff_other_template.xsl"/>

Which then will resolve the xsl file under org/apache/camel/component.

Dynamic stylesheets

Available as of Camel 2.9
Camel provides the CamelXsltResourceUri header which you can use to define a stylesheet to use instead of what is configured on the endpoint URI. This allows you to provide a dynamic stylesheet at runtime.

Notes on using XSLT and Java Versions

Here are some observations from Sameer, a Camel user, which he kindly shared with us:

In case anybody faces issues with the XSLT endpoint please review these points.

I was trying to use an xslt endpoint for a simple transformation from one xml to another using a simple xsl. The output xml kept appearing (after the xslt processor in the route) with outermost xml tag with no content within.

No explanations show up in the DEBUG logs. On the TRACE logs however I did find some error/warning indicating that the XMLConverter bean could no be initialized.

After a few hours of cranking my mind, I had to do the following to get it to work (thanks to some posts on the users forum that gave some clue):

1. Use the transformerFactory option in the route ("xslt:my-transformer.xsl?transformerFactory=tFactory") with the tFactory bean having bean defined in the spring context for class="org.apache.xalan.xsltc.trax.TransformerFactoryImpl".
2. Added the Xalan jar into my maven pom.

My guess is that the default xml parsing mechanism supplied within the JDK (I am using 1.6.0_03) does not work right in this context and does not throw up any error either. When I switched to Xalan this way it works. This is not a Camel issue, but might need a mention on the xslt component page.

Another note, jdk 1.6.0_03 ships with JAXB 2.0 while Camel needs 2.1. One workaround is to add the 2.1 jar to the jre/lib/endorsed directory for the jvm or as specified by the container.

Hope this post saves newbie Camel riders some time.

See Also

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